南京导游词英文版Word格式文档下载.docx

南京导游词英文版Word格式文档下载.docx

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Attentionplease.　Ladiesandgentleman,　welcometobeautifulcity,Nanjing.IamtheguideZhang.Today,wearegoingtovisit*****.Onthewayto****,letmeintroduceourbeautifulcity,Nanjing.

NanjingisthecapitalcityofJiangsuProvinceandtheprovincialpolitical,economicandculturalcenter;

sheislocatedinthelowerreachesofYangtzeRiver,southwestoftheprovince.Thepopulationofitsurbanareaisabout3million.

Nanjingisoneofthehistoricalandculturalcitiesrectifiedbythestate. 

ShebearsthereputationofthecapitalofWu,EasterJin,Song,Qi,Liang,Chen,SouthernTang,Ming,TaipingKingdomandRepublicofChinasubsequently. 

Nanjingisaplaceofcelebritiesandhumanities,withasplendidculturalheritage.TheattractionofNanjingconsistsinthecombinationofrichnaturalandculturalheritages.Withmanyarelicsofthe　RepublicofChinaerainparticular,NanjingisrecognizedasthemuseumofmodernChinesehistory.

DR.SUNYATSEN’SMAUSOLEUM

AmongallthehistoricalandculturalattractionsinNanjing,themostfavoredhighlightisDr.SunYaten’sMausoleum. 

Dr.SunYatsen’sMausoleumsitsonthesouthernslopeofthepurpleMountainintheeasternsuburbofthecity.TheconstructionbeganonMarch12,1926andwascompletedin1929whentheremainsofDr.SunYatsenwastransportedfromBeijingandburiedatthepresentsiteonJune,1.

Dr.SunYatsen,alsonamedSunWenorSunZhongshan,isconsideredastheforerunneroftheChinesedemocraticrevolution. 

Dr.SunYatsenisagreatmanbecausehedevoted40yeasofhislifetopursuinghisdreamtooverthrowthefeudalmonarchyandbuildaprogressive,unitedanddemocraticRepublicofChina.

WhywasDr.SunYatsenburiedinNanjinginsteadofinhishometownorBeijingwherehedied?

ThemausoleumsitewasfirstrecommendedtoDr.SunYatsenbytheabbotofLingguTempleforitsgoodgeomanticomen. 

OnedayinApril,1912,hewenthuntingatthesiteofpresentmausoleumwithhisfriends.　Dr.SunYatsenwasreallysoamazedbythebeautifulenvironmentthathesaidtothem:

“IwishIcouldbebestowedapieceoflandbypeopleandbeburiedhereaftermydeath”. 

Heonceagainexpressedthisdesireinhissickbedin1925.　ThearchitectnamedLuYanzhi.　Dr.SunYatsen’sMausoleumisdesignedintheshapeofalibertybell,intendingtoremindpeoplenevertogetself-contented. 

Theparkofmausoleumcoversanareaof800000squaremeters. 

Thewholearchitecture,fromthegatewaytothemainentrance,tabletpavilion,memorialhallandthetombvault,liesonthenorth-southaxiswith392stepsand10platformsinbetween.　Thebuildingsareallconstructedwithnaturalgraniteandmarblesandcoveredbyblueglazed-titleroofs.

Oppositetothebronzeincense-burneroffthesquare,standsthe12-meterhighgatewayofthreearcheswithDr.SunYatsen’shandwriting“Fraternity”carvedonitsfronttop. 

The480meterslongTombAvenue,linedwithpine,gingkoandmapletrees,leadstothemainentrancetowerroofedbyblue-glazedtile. 

Underthefronteaveofthetower,Dr.SunYatsen’smotto“Theworldbelongstopeople”canbeseen.　Walkingthroughit,thefirstbuilding　onewillseeisthetabletpavilionwhichhousesahugetombstonewhichisengravedwith“PremierDr.SunisburiedherebytheChineseKoumingtangonJune1,1929”. 

Fromthere,apanoramicviewofthememorialhallcanbeobtained.However,therearestill392stepsin4flightstogobeforetouristsreachthememorialhallonthetop,andaplatformwithstonebenchesateveryflightsoasnottoexhausttheclimbers.　Thememorialhallstands73.33metersabovetheground. 

Thelintelofthememorialhallisinscribedwith“nationalism,democraticrightsandpeople’slivelihood”andaverticalplaqueiscarvedwith4characters“Haoqichangcun”meaningimperishablenoblespirit. 

AllthesewordsarewritteninDr.Sun’sownhand. 

InthecenterofthememorialhallsitstheItalianwhitemarble　statueof　Dr.SunYatsenmountedonapedestalcarvedinbas-reliefbyaPolishsculptorabouthisrevolutionaryactivities.ThesurroundingwallsareinscribedwiththenationalconstitutionwrittenbyDr.SunYatsen. 

Beyondthememorialhallisthetombvault.　Standingbythesideofthepool,asvisitorslookdown,theybowtoseeDr.SunYatsen’srecliningmarblestatuewithhisbodyburied5metersunderneath. 

Ifonelooksup,hewillfindtheemblemofthenationalistPartyontheceiling.

Whenonewrapsupthehomagetourandstepsdown,hewillnotonlyenjoyabird’seyeviewofbeautifulNanjing,butalsofeeltotallyrelivedbecausehedoesnotseeanymoreofthose392steps,buttheplatforms. 

Notuntilthen,hewillunderstandhowgreatDr.SunYatsenis.

ThewholemausoleumisanarchitecturalcomplexinatypicalandtraditionalChinesestyle,andthelayoutisharmoniousandrational. 

Allthebuildingsareroofedwithblue-glazedtiles. 

Withpinetreesandcypressesgrowingaround,themausoleumlooksmagnificentanddignified.　Dr.Sun’smausoleumattractsthousandsofvisitors’everyday.

XiaoLingTombofTheMingDynasty

XiaolingTomb,orthetomboffilialpiety,built600yearsago,isthemausoleumofZhuYuanzhang,thefoundingemperoroftheMingDynasty.LyingatthesouthernfootofthePurpleMountain,thetomb　complexisoneofthelargestancientmausoleumsoftheemperorsinchina.

ZhuYuanzhangbegantohavehistombbuiltin1381whenhiswifeEmpressMadied.Theempresswasburiedinthetombin1383.ButEmperorZhuYuanzhangdiedin1398andwasburiedhereinthesameyear.Buttheconstructionofthemausoleumlasted38yearsormoretill1431when‘theSteleifSacredNerutsandVirtuesofGreatMing’FilialTomb’waserected.

Themausoleumconsistsoftwomajorsections.ThefirstsectionisfromtheGatewayofDismountingHorsetotheLingxingGateattheendofSacredWay（tombavenue）,ofwhichtheapproachis1800meterslong.Thesecondpartisthetombitself.Historicalrecordsindicatethemausoleumhadagrandredwall,22.5kilometerslong,enclosingthewholetombarea.Thetombcompelwasverylargewithmanysplendidbuildings.100000pineswereplantedand1000deerroseintheparkofmausoleum.Unfortunately,thislargegroupofbuildingswasruinedbythewarsinthelateMingandearlyQingdynastiesandthewarinwhichbytheQingDynastyarmy.Allthewoodenstructuresweredestroyed.Howeverwecanstillseetheexquisitestonecarvingsfromthestonebasesandimaginehowmagnificentitlookedlike600yearsago.

Thetombgateknownasgrandgoldengatewasatraditionalarchitectureandconnectedwiththeredwall.ThegatewayofDismountingHorselocatesabout750meterssouthfromhere.ThisshowstheabsolutedignityofEmperorZhuYuanzhangatthattime.Totheeastofthegateway,therearetwotablets:

theholy 

MountainTabletandtheTabletofMountainForbiddenRegulationsdecreeingtheentranceoftheordinarypeopleintotheholyareawastobeseverelypunished.Theroyalcourtdispatchedtroopsheretoatandasguardsatthemausoleumintheyears.ThatiswhythesitehasbeencalledXiaolingweimeaningtheTownofFilialguard.

Northwardsfromthegreatgoldengate,ahugerooflessstonetabletpavilioncanbeseen,itistheSquareCastle,aslocalpeoplecallit.Itstopisgonebutthesurroundingwallsandfourarchwaysstillremain.Inthemiddleofthebuilding,therestandsand8.78metershighstelecalled:

TheSteleofSacredMeritsandVirtuesofGreatMing’sFilialTomb.Itwasbuiltin1413bythethirdemperor,Zhuyuanzhang‘sfourthson.Thesteleisinscribedaltogetherwith2746ChinesecharactersinpraiseofthemeritsandvirtuesofEmperorZhuyuanzhang.

Thesacredwayislinedonbothsideswith12pairsofgiantstoneanimalsin6kinds.Foreachkindoftheanimals,thereareonepairstandingandtheotherkneeling.Thestandingpairisworkingandthekneelingrestingandtheyareondutyalternately.Therealpurposeofbuildingtheseanimalsistodemonstratetheroyalmagnificenceandtheemperor’sdignity,todriveawayevilspiritsandguardthetomb.Thefirst2pairsofanimalsarelions,kingofthebeastssymbolizingpower.Thesecond2pairsofanimalsarecalledBixie,aunicorn-shapedmythicalanimal,saidtoecleverandcapableofdistinguishingbetweengoodandevil.Thefollowingpairsofanimalsincludecamels,elephants,KylinsorChineseunicornsandhorses.Thecamelisknownasboatinthedesertandsymbolofprosperity.Eachelephant,whichisthelargestandheaviestsculpture,weighs80tonsandsymbolizespeace.Thekylinrepresentsgoodluckaswellashorseloyalty.

Inancienttimes,itwasratherdifficulttomovetheseheavystoneanimals.Thefactisthatworkerssplashedwateronthegroundincoldwinter,andpushedthestoneanimalstothepresentlocationsonthesurfaceoffrozenice.

Two6.25meter-highstonepillarsserveasaltersforthesacrificialofferings.Boththehexagonalpillarsarecarvedwiththepatternsofcloudsanddragonsarousingvisitors’reverenceandworshiptotheemperor.ThesacredavenuemakesarightturnherejustbecausethePlumBlossomHillstandsintheway.ThehillisthetombforSunQuan,ThefirstemperorofEasternWukingdom.Itissaidthatwhenthetombwasconstructed,someministerssuggestedthatSunQuan’stombshouldbemovedaway.ButEmperorZhuYuanzhangcommentedthatSunQuanwasagoodfellowandshouldstaytheretobetheconciergeofhistomb.ThePlumBlossomhillnowispopularexcursionsiteforthelocalpeopleinspringwhentheplumtreesareinfullblossom.

Beyondthememorialpillarsth