高中英语 单元质量评估四新人教版必修4.docx
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高中英语 单元质量评估四新人教版必修4.docx
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高中英语单元质量评估四新人教版必修4
单元质量评估(四)
时间:
100分钟 分数:
120分
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Wehaveallheardthesewords:
“justputonahappyface”or“turnthatfrownupsidedown”.Canthesimpleactofsmilingactuallymakeusfeelbetter?
Ourfaceisformedbyavarietyofratherthinbones.Themusclesthatattachtothesebonesbecomesmallerwhenwearehappyorwhenwewanttolaugh.Theresultingfacialexpressionisuniversallyrecognizedasasmileandindicatesourpositiveemotionalstatus.Sometimes,peoplepresentfake(假的)smiles.
Buthowdoesthebrainachievebothtypesofsmilesusingthesamefacialmuscles?
Italldependsuponwhichpartofthebrainstartsthesmile.Ifthebrain'sdopamineneurons(多巴胺能神经元)startthesmile,thenthesmilelookssincere.Ifthebrain'smotorcortexstartsthesmile,inotherwords,ifweareconsciouslywillingourselvestosmile,thenaslightlydifferentsetoffacialmusclesareactivated.Itcanbedifficulttodescribepreciselyhowrealandfakesmilesdiffer,butweareallverycapableatknowingthedifference.Butcanforcingyourselftosmileproducethesamekindsofgoodfeelingsasarealsmiledoes?
Anythingthatpromptsthereleaseofdopamineinthebrainbringspleasure.Forexample,cocaineandcoffeebothreleasedopamineinthebrain.Thereleaseofdopamineinthefronthalfofourbrainisaccompaniedbyarealsmile.Butcanthisprocessbereversed?
Whataboutputtingonthathappyface?
Canthesimpleactofsmilingbringpleasure?
Yes.
Whenwesmile,fakeorreal,thecontractionofthefacialmusclesslightlydistorts(扭曲)theshapeofthethinfacialbones.Thisslightdistortionintheirshapeleadstoanincreaseinbloodflowintothebrainandthenincreasesthereleaseofdopamine.Asaresult,walkingaroundalldaywithasmileonyourfacewillmakeyourmoodhappier.Notonlywillyoubehappierbutyoursmilemightleadtothereleaseofdopamineinsomeoneelse'sbrain—nowthattrulyshowsthepowerofasmile.
【语篇解读】 我们经常说,面带微笑不仅可以让自己快乐,也会让别人感受到快乐。
本文就围绕微笑是如何使人快乐的进行了论述。
1.Whenwesmilesincerely,________.
A.bonesinourfacebecomethin
B.musclesinthefacebecomesmaller
C.thebrain'sdopamineneuronsstopworking
D.thebrain'smotorcortexstartstowork
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段第二句“Themusclesthatattachtothesebonesbecomesmallerwhenwearehappyorwhenwewanttolaugh.”可知,答案为B项。
答案:
B
2.WhatistheRIGHTorderofthefollowingactions?
①morebloodflowsintothebrain
②smile
③shapeofthethinfacialbonesisdistorted
④releaseofdopamine
A.②③①④ B.②①③④
C.②①④③D.②④③①
解析:
细节理解题。
根据最后一段“Whenwesmile...slightlydistorts(扭曲)theshapeofthethinfacialbones.”和“...leadstoanincreaseinbloodflowintothebrainandthenincreasesthereleaseofdopamine.”可知,答案为A项。
答案:
A
3.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?
A.Realandfakesmilesarestartedbythesamepartofthebrain.
B.It'shardtoknowthedifferencebetweenrealandfakesmiles.
C.Wecan'taffectthereleaseofdopamineinothers'brain.
D.Weshouldtrytosmileeventhoughwearenotveryhappy.
解析:
推理判断题。
根据第四段“Whataboutputtingonthathappyface?
Canthesimpleactofsmilingbringpleasure?
Yes.”和最后一段内容可推断,答案为D项。
微笑能给我们带来快乐,所以不管高兴与否,都要面带微笑。
答案:
D
B
InEnglandrecentlythreeforeigngentlemencametoabusstopandwaited.Aboutfiveminuteslater,thebustheywantedcamealong.Theywerejustgoingtogetonwhensuddenlytherewasaloudnoisebehindthem.Peoplerushedontothebusandtriedtopushthemoutoftheway.Someoneshoutedatthem.Thebusconductorcamerushingdownthestairstoseewhatallthetroublewasabout.Thethreeforeignersseemedallat_seaandlookedembarrassed.NoonehadtoldthemabouttheBritishcustomofliningupforabusthatthefirstpersonwhoarrivesatthebusstopisthefirstpersontogetonthebus.
Learningthelanguageofacountryisn'tenough.Ifyouwanttohaveapleasantvisit,findoutasmuchaspossibleaboutthemannersandcustomsofyourhostcountry.Youwillprobablybesurprisedjusthowdifferenttheycanbefromyourown.AvisitortoIndiawoulddowelltorememberthatpeoplethereconsideritimpolitetousethelefthandforpassingfoodattable.Thelefthandissupposedtobeusedforwashingyourself.AlsoinIndia,youmightseeamanshakinghisheadatanothertoshowthathedoesn'tagree.ButinmanypartsofIndiaashakeoftheheadmeansagreement.NoddingyourheadwhenyouaregivenadrinkinBulgariawillmostprobablyleaveyouthirsty.
【语篇解读】 文章以一个小故事作为开头,向我们介绍了英国人的乘车习惯,并进一步向我们介绍了不同国家的风俗习惯。
5.TheBritishpeopletriedtopushthethreegentlemenoutoftheway,becausethegentlemen________.
A.wereforeigners
B.didn'thavetickets
C.madealoudnoise
D.didn'tlineupforthebus
解析:
细节理解题。
由第一段的“NoonehadtoldthemabouttheBritishcustomofliningupforabusthat...onthebus.”可知,英国人因为这三位外国人没有排队而将他们推到一边。
答案:
D
6.According
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