万题库权威版20XX考研《英语1》翻译答案解析考Word格式.docx
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万题库权威版20XX考研《英语1》翻译答案解析考Word格式.docx
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SectionIIITranslation
Directions:
ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
ThegrowthoftheuseofEnglishastheworld’sprimarylanguageforinternationalcommunicationhasobviouslybeencontinuingforseveraldecades
(46)ButevenasthenumberofEnglishspeakersexpandsfurthertherearesingsthattheglobalpredominanceofthelanguagemayfadewithintheforeseeablefuture.
Complexinternational,economic,technologicalandculturalchangescouldstarttodiminishtheleadingpositionofEnglishasthelanguageoftheworldmarket,andUKinterestswhichenjoyadvantagefromthebeadthofEnglishusagewouldconsequentlyfacefewpressures.ThoserealisticpossibilitiesarehighlightedinthestudypresentedbyDavidGraddol.
(47)Hisanalysisshouldthereforeendanyself-contendednessamongthosewhomaybelievethattheglobalpositionofEnglishissostablethatthevounsgenerationsoftheUnitedKingdomdonotneedadditionallanguagecapabilities.
DavidGraddolconcludesthatmonoglotEnglishgraduatesfaceableakeconomicfutureasqualifiedmultilingualyoungstersfromothercountriesareprovingtohaveacompetitiveadvantageovertheirBritishcounterpartsinglobalcompaniesandorganizationsalongsidethat(48)manycountriesareintroducingEnglishintotheprimary-schoolcurriculumbutBritishschoolchildrenandstudentsdonotappeartobegaininggreaterencouragementtoachievefluencyinotherlanguages.Iflefttothemselves,suchtrendswilldiminishtherelativestrengthoftheEnglishlanguageininternationaleducationmarketsasthedemandforeducationalresourcesinlanguages,suchasSpanish,ArabicorMandaringrowsandinternationalbusinessprocessoutsourcinginotherlanguagessuchasJapanese,FrenchandGerman,spreads.
(49)ThechangesidentifiedbyDavidGraddolallpresentclearandmajorchallengestotheUK:
sprovidersofEnglishlanguageteachingtopeopleofothercountriesandtobroadereducationbusinesssectors.TheEnglishlanguageteachingsectordirectlyearnsnearly1.3billionfortheUKininvisibleexportsandourothereducationrelatedexportsearnupto10billionayearmore.Astheinternationaleducationmarketexpands,therecentslowdowninthenumbersofinternationalstudentsstudyinginthemainEnglish-speakingcountriesislikelytocontinue,especiallyiftherearenoeffectivestrategicpoliciestopreventsuchslippage.Clearly,theeffectofdevelopmentsinthatdirectionwouldnotbelimitedtothecommercialandeducationalsectors.Culturalandcivilcontactsandunderstandingwouldalsobediluted.
Theanticipationofpossibleshiftsindemandprovidedbythisstudyissignificant:
(50)ItgivesabasistoallorganizationswhichseektopromotethelearninganduseofEnglish,abasisforplanningtomeetthepossibilitiesofwhatcouldbeaverydifferentoperatingenvironment.Thatisanecessaryandpracticalapproach.Inthiscaseinmuchelse,thosewhowishtoinfluencethefuture.
46【题干】butevenasthenumberofEnglishspeakersexpandsfurthertherearesingsthattheglobalpredominanceofthelanguagemayfadewithintheforeseeablefuture.
【答案】但是,尽管使用英语者的人数在不断增加/说英语的人越来越多,却仍然有迹象表明,英语语言的全球主导地位在不久的将来/可预见的未来也许会慢慢衰退。
【解析】本句很简单,主句是therebe结构,主句前是让步状语,signs后面是that引导的同位语从句,对signs进行进一步的补充说明。
同位语从句中是主谓结构,theglobalpredominanceofthelanguage是主语,mayfade是谓语,within结构是时间状语。
expands的词义不应该选择常用的“扩展”意思,而应该结合前面和它搭配的number,而选择“增加”的意思。
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47【题干】Hisanalysisshouldthereforeendanyself-contendednessamongthosewhomaybelievethattheglobalpositionofEnglishissostable.
【答案】因此,大卫格兰多的分析可能会终结某些人的自满态度,这些人认为,英语在全世界的地位十分稳固,英国的年轻一代人根本不需要学习其他的语言。
【解析】此句为复合句,who之前是主句,结构是主谓宾,Hisanalysis是主语,he指代的是前面的大卫,end是核心谓语动词,anyself-contentedness是宾语,amongthose是状语,who引导定语从句修饰those,定语从句中who做主语,believe是谓语,that引导宾语从句做believe的宾语,宾语从句中globalpositionofEnglish是主语,后面是系表结构,that引导结果状语从句,结果状从中是主谓宾结构。
词汇部分,self-contentedness可能是难点,意思是“自满,自大”,因为contend是满意的意思,additional在考研英语翻译中常用的译法是“新的,另外的”,此处翻译可采用词性转换。
还有who引导的定语从句的处理方法,可以重复先行词“那些人”,采用后置法。
48【题干】manycountriesareintroducingEnglishintotheprimary-schoolcurriculumbutBritishschoolchildrenandstudentsdonotappeartobegaininggreaterencouragementtoachievefluencyinotherlanguages.
【答案】很多国家正在把英语列入小学课程范围,但是英国的中小学生似乎并没有受到更多的鼓励去流利地掌握其他语言。
【解析】此句是but连接的并列复合句,前半句是主谓宾加状语的结构,很简单,后半句也是主谓宾结构,Britishschoolchildrenandstudents是主语,donotappeartobegaining是复合谓语,greaterencouragement是宾语,toachievefluencyinotherlanguages是不定式短语做encouragement的后置定语。
Curriculum是课程的意思,fluency是流利,流畅的意思。
49【题干】ThechangesidentifiedbyDavidGraddolallpresentclearandmajorchallengestoUK`sprovidersofEnglishlanguageteachingtopeopleofothercountriesandtobroadereducationbusinesssectors.
【答案】大卫·
格兰多指出的这些变化给英国的英语教学工作者提出了明确的和巨大的挑战,这些英语教学工作是面向其他国家的人和更为广泛的商业教育机构的。
【解析】此句是简单句,修饰成分较多,稍有些复杂,Thechanges是主语,identifiedbyDavidGraddol是过去分词短语做后置定语修饰changes,identified可以理解为“发现,指出”,present是谓语动词,是“体现,表现”的意思,clearandmajorchallenges是宾语,toUK`sprovidersofEnglishlanguageteaching是介词短语做后置定语修饰challenges,providers本意是供应商,此处可以理解为“英语教学工作者”,topeopleofothercountriesandtobroadereducationbusinesssectors.是后置定语修饰Englishlanguageteaching。
50【题干】Itgivesabasistoallorganizationwhichseektopromotethelearningandverydifferentoperatingenvironment.Thatisanecessaryandpracticalapproach.Inthisasinmuchelse,thosewhowishtoinfluencethefuturemustprepareforit.
【答案】这一研究为所有试图促进英语学习和使用的机构提供了一个依据,这一依据是为了满足可能会出现不同操作情况/运行环境的可能性的。
【解析】主句是主谓宾加状语结构,it是代词指代,指代前文的study,basis应该理解为“依据”,which引导定语从句修饰organizations,翻译时可以采用前置法,定语从句中which做主语,seektopromote是谓语动词,thelearninganduseofEnglish是宾语,abasis是前面主句宾语basis的同位语,forplanningtomeetthepossibilities介词短语做后置定语修饰basis,ofwhatcouldbeaverydifferentoperatingenvironment介词短语做后置定语修饰possibilities。
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