商务英语名词解释精品文档.docx
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商务英语名词解释精品文档.docx
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商务英语名词解释精品文档
1. Budget —预算anaccountofprobablefutureincomeandexpenditureduringastated,period,usu.ayearusedasaguideinmakingfinancialarrangements.
2. Return —回报thegainfromaninvestment,eitherasincomeoryieldorasprofitonthesaleoftheinvestment.
3. Portfolio —证券投资组合theentirecollectionofinvestmentsintheformofstocks,bonds,orcertificateofdepositsforpurposesotherthancontrolling
4. Royalty —专利税moneypaidtotheownerofacopyrightforpermissiontopublishcopyrightmaterialandtotheownerofapatentforpermissiontouseapatenteddesign,usu.atagreedpercentageofthesellingpriceoftheproduct.
5. Patent —专利权aspecialrighttoaninventortobetheonlypersontomakeandsell,ortoauthorizeotherstomakeandsellanewly-inventedmachineorprocess.
6. Non-tariffbarrier —非贸易壁垒allformsofman-madeobstructionstointernationaltradeotherthantariffs,includingprohibitionsandquotas,etc.
7. Franchise —经销权anarrangementbywhichamonopolyproducerorownergivesanotherpermissionfortheexclusiverighttomanufactureorselltheproductsinacertainarea.
8.Purchasingpower —购买力ofpersons,thepublic,havingthemoneytobuygoodsandservices.
9. PPP —购买力平价purchasingpowerparity
10. tariff —关税taxleviedbythecustoms
11.barrierstotrade —贸易壁垒anyactionbyagovernmenttolimitorpreventthefreeflowofgoodsinandoutofitscountry.
12.primarycommodities —初级产品thosecommoditiesnotprocessed,oronlyslightlyprocessed,usuallyfarmproduceorrawmaterials
13.drawback —退税dutiespaidonimportedgoodsthatarerefundedwhenre-exported
14.specificduties —从量税dutiesleviedonthebasisofquantity,weight,sizeetc.ofthegoods
15.advaloremduties —从价税dutiesleviedonthebasisofthepriceofthegoods
16.carriage —运费thepriceorcostoftransportation
17.voluntaryoffer —主动发盘anoffermadeontheinitiativeoftheofferer
18.contractingparties —缔约方signatoriesofanagreement
19.forcemajeure —[不可抗力]socialornaturalcalamitiesthattakeplacebeyondthecontrolofacontractingparty
20.firmoffer —持盘anofferwhosetermsandconditionsarebindingontheoffer
21.offeree —受要约人thepartytowhomanofferismade
22.hyperinflation —极度通货膨胀soaringofpricesbeyondcontrol
23.inflation —通货膨胀riseinpricesbroughtaboutbytheexcessdemand,expansionofmoneysupply,creditetc.
24.protectionism —贸易保护主义thetheoryofthesystemofdevelopinghomecountriesthroughdutiesandothermeansimposedoncompetitiveimports
25.bilateral —双边的oftwosides
26.bundling —捆绑式销售theexchangeofgoodsorservicesaretiedtogether
27.creditors —债权人apersontowhomoneownsmoney
28.debtor —债务人apersonwhoowesmoney
29.default —违约failtocarryoutanobligation
30.draft —汇票anunconditionalordertosomeonetopayasumofmoney
31.remittance —汇款thesendingofmoneyorthemoneysent
32.drawer —出票人thepersonwhoissuesadraft,usuallytheexporter
33.drawee —受票人thepersontowhomadraftisdrawn
34.credit-worthiness —资信beingbelievedoracceptedbyothersasreliableinmakingpayment
35.applicantofanL/C —出口信用证theimporterthatgoestoabankfortheestablishmentofanL/C
36.beneficiary —受益人thecompanythatcanmakeuseofanL/Ctogetpaidforitsexport
37.confirmingbank —保兑行thebankthataddsitsowncommitmenttoanL/C
38.reimburse —退款paybacktosomebodyfortheexpenseshehasspent
39.cleancredit —光票信用证acreditthatdoesnotrequireshippingdocumentsforpayment
40.sightcredit —即期信用证acreditbywhichpaymentcanbemadeuponpresentationofthedraft
41.middleman —中间商traderthroughwhomgoodspassbetweentheproducerandtheconsumer
42.consignee —收货人thepartyinthebillofladingtowhomthegoodsareshipped
43.shippingmarks —唛头whatisprintedontheouterpackingofgoodsassymbolforidentificationinthecourseoftransportation
44.insurancepolicy —保险单adocumentusedforcoveringpossiblerisks
45.title —抬头righttothepossessionofapositionorproperty
46.insured —被保险人apersoncoveredbyaninsurancepolicy
47.premium —保险费theamountpaidbyaninsuredforcoverageunderthecontract
48.potentialloss —潜在损失losswhichispossibletoincur
49.claim —索赔apaymentdemandedinaccordancewithaninsurancepolicy
50.margin —利润amountabovewhatisestimatedasnecessary
51.underwriter —保险公司apersonwhocarriesoninsuranceasabusiness
52.invoice —发票adocumentforthegeneraldescriptionofthegoodsandtheprice
pensation —赔偿金somethinggivenorreceivedasanequivalentforloss
54.pooling —联营acombinationoffundsformedforcommonadvantage
55.multi-modaltransportation —多式联运transportthatcombinesroad,rail,seaandair
56.redeem —兑换torepayorpayoff,esp.loanstock,debenturesandpreferencesharesorstock
57.settlement —结算theactofpayingabill,debt,charge,etc
58.exchangerate —汇率thepriceatwhichonecurrencycanbeexchangedforanothercurre
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