恩波暑期强化班阅读强化课笔记Word下载.docx
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恩波暑期强化班阅读强化课笔记Word下载.docx
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In
addition,
calorimeter
canindicate
young
ability
to
withstand
acid
rain,
and
other
hardships.
Currently,
plant
breeders
seeking
strong
crops
must
watch
wait
during
the
early
stages
growth,
selecting
fastestgrowing
plants
those
holding
up
best
frost
or
heat.
This
task
is
eased
bythe
which
heat
produced
activity.
Calorimeters
built
over
past
few
years
precisely
measure
tiny
samples
cells
tissues
under
varying
environmental
conditions.
Criddle
and
his
colleagues
hold
that
metabolic
determines
plant'
rate—a
debatable
point
among
biologists,
who
have
traditionally
correlated
photosynthetic
with
growth.
To
test
value
calorimetry
predicting
Criddle'
group
recorded
metabolism
pieces
of
carrots,
tomatoes
other
plants,
as
well
from
several
types
trees.
They
thencompared
readings
untouched
plants'
known
growth
rates.
calorimetric
recordings
forthe
samples,
they
say,
rates
plants.
As
hardiness,
researchers
say
whose
remain
stable
when
subjected
tostresses
lab
will
similarly
tolerate
conditions
fields.
So
far,
identified
varieties
barley
(大麦)
thrive
highly
salty
environments,
common
product
irrigation.
Before
farmers
foresters
base
agricultural
decisions
readings,
need
seefurther
tests
device.
'
technique
has
potential
being
very
valuable
tool,'
says
Donald
Fowler
Canadian
Forestry
Service
Fredericton,
New
Brunswick,
supplied
trees
studies,
but
I
find
it
surprising
single
would
enough
strainselection.'
二、特殊语篇模式
1、Opinion-Illustration
先引出自己的观点,再对此进行阐述。
Science
has
long
had
uneasy
relationship
with
aspects
culture.
Think
Gallileo'
17
century
trial
his
rebelling
belief
before
Catholic
Church
poet
William
Blake'
harsh
remarks
against
mechanistic
worldview
Isaac
Newton.
schism
between
science
humanities
has,
if
anything,deepened
this
century.
Until
recently,the
scientific
community
was
so
powerful
could
afford
ignore
its
critics
no
longer.
As
funding
science
declined,scientists
have
attacked
"
antiscience"
in
several
books,
notably
Higher
Superstition,by
Paul
R.Gross,a
biologist
at
University
Virginia,and
Norman
Levitt,a
mathematician
Rutgers
University;
DemonHaunted
World,by
Car
Sagan
Cornell
University.
Defenders
also
voiced
their
concerns
meetings
such
Flight
Reason,"
held
York
City
in1995,and"
Sciencein
Age
Information,"
assembled
last
June
near
Buffalo.
Antiscience
clearly
means
different
things
people.
Gross
Levitt
fault
primarily
sociologists,philosophers
academics
questioned
science'
objectivity.
more
concerned
believe
ghosts,creationism
phenomena
contradict
worldview.
A
survey
news
stories
in1996
reveals
antiscience
tag
been
attached
many
groups
well,from
authorities
advocated
elimination
remaining
stocks
smallpox
virus
Republicans
decreased
funding
basic
research.
Few
dispute
term
applies
Unabomber,whose
manifesto,published
in1995,
scorns
longs
return
to
pretechnological
utopia.
But
surely
does
not
mean
environmentalists
about
uncontrolled
industrial
are
antiscience,as
an
essay
US
News
&
World
Report
May
seemed
suggest.
environmentalists,inevitably,respond
critics.
true
enemies
science,argues
Ehrlich
Stanford
University,a
pioneer
studies,are
question
evidence
supporting
global
warming,the
depletion
ozone
layer
consequences
growth.
Indeed,some
observers
fear
epithet
danger
becoming
meaningless.
antiscience'
lump
together
too
many,quite
things,"
notes
Harvard
philosopher
Gerald
Holton
his1993work
AntiScience.
only
one
thing
tend
annoy
threaten
regard
themselves
enlightened."
观点句三特点:
位置在段落的首尾句或转折词后面;
具有明显的倾向性和态度性;
观点句比较简洁。
2、Argument-Counterargument
先引出他人观点,然后对此进行讨论。
被动语态提出的观点都是别人的观点,如:
Itisassumedthat...
引语与论点:
(引语,尤指开头部分)
--直接引语--赞同:
即若他人观点是以直接引语引入,则作者对此赞同。
--间接引语--反驳:
如上道理
What
accounts
great
outburst
major
inventions
America—breakthroughs
telegraph,the
steamboat
weaving
machine?
Among
many
shaping
factors,I
out
country
excellent
elementary
schools;
labor
force
welcomed
technology;
practice
giving
premiums
inventors;
above
all
American
genius
nonverbal,"
spatial"
thinking
technological.
Why
mention
elementary
schools?
Because
thanks
these
schools
our
early
mechanics,
especially
New
England
Middle
Atlantic
states,were
generally
literate
at
home
arithmetic
some
aspects
geometry
trigonometry.
Acute
foreign
observers
related
American
adaptiveness
inventiveness
this
educational
advantage.
member
British
commission
visiting
here
in1853reported,"
With
mind
prepared
by
thorough
school
discipline,the
boy
develops
rapidly
into
theskilled
workman."
further
stimulus
invention
came
the"
premium"
system,which
preceded
our
patent
system
ran
parallel
it.
approach,originated
abroad,offered
inventors
medals,cash
prizes
incentives.
In
United
States,multitudes
devices
were
awarded
fairs
fairs
cities.
Americans
flocked
these
admire
machines
thus
to
renew
faith
beneficence
technological
advance.
Given
optimistic
approach
innovation,the
worker
took
readily
special
kind
nonverbal
thinking
required
mechanical
technology.
Eugene
Ferguson
pointed
out,"
technologist
thinks
objects
cannot
be
reduced
unambiguous
verbal
descriptions;
dealt
mind
by
visual,nonverbal
process.
The
designer
inventor
are
able
assemble
manipulate
minds
yet
do
not
exist."
just
creative
painting
writing.
Robert
Fulton
once
wrote,"
mechanic
should
sit
down
levers,screws,wedges,wheels,etc.,like
letters
alphabet,considering
them
exhibition
thoughts,in
arrangement
transmits
idea."
When
forces—schools,open
attitudes,the
premium
system,a
spatial
thinking—interacted
one
another
on
rich
U.S.
mainland,they
produced
characteristic,emulation.
Today
word
implies
mere
imitation.
But
earlier
times
meant
friendly
competitive
striving
fame
excellence.
3、General-Specific
先概括再具体(即总分模式)
4、Question-Answer
提出问题(头明显的有个疑问句),再作回答。
例
1
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- 关 键 词:
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