步步高 人教版届高三英语大一轮复习《Book 1 Unit 2 English around the world》文档Word格式文档下载.docx
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步步高 人教版届高三英语大一轮复习《Book 1 Unit 2 English around the world》文档Word格式文档下载.docx
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本体;
身份→identifyv.确定;
认出;
鉴定
17.easternadj.东方的;
东部的→southeasternadj.东南方的;
来自东南的→northwesternadj.西北方的;
来自西北的
18.enrichvt.使富裕;
充实;
改善→richadj.富裕的;
有钱的
19.officialadj.官方的;
正式的;
公务的→officen.办公室→officern.官员
20.basevt.以……为根据n.基部;
基地;
基础→basicadj.基本的;
基础的
21.gradualadj.逐渐的;
逐步的→graduallyadv.逐渐地;
逐步地
22.fluentadj.流利的;
流畅的→fluentlyadv.流利地;
流畅地→fluencyn.流利;
流畅
23.frequentadj.频繁的;
常见的→frequentlyadv.常常;
频繁地→frequencyn.频率;
频度
24.usagen.使用;
用法;
词语惯用法→usefuladj.有用的→usen.&
v.使用,利用
25.commandn.&
vt.命令;
指令;
掌握→commandern.指挥员,司令员
26.recognizevt.辨认出;
承认;
公认→recognizableadj.容易认出的;
易于识别的→recognitionn.认出;
认识;
识别
27.spellingn.拼写;
拼法→spellv.拼写
必背经典句式
1.WhichcountrydoyouthinkhasthemostEnglishlearners?
你觉得学英语最多的是哪个国家?
2....peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworld...
……英国人(开始)航海征服世界其它地区……
3.SopeoplefromthemountainsinthesoutheasternUSAspeakwithalmostthesamedialectaspeopleinthenorthwesternUSA.
因此,美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部地区的人所说的方言几乎是一样的。
4.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.
以英语为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互交流。
5.Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio,thosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.
这是因为在早期的电台节目里,人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。
6.Sobythe1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.
因此到十七世纪,莎士比亚能够运用比以往更大的词汇量。
7.ItisnoteasyforaChinesepersontospeakEnglishaswellasanativeEnglishspeaker.
对中国人来说,想把英语说得像英国人一样好,并不是件容易的事。
构词记忆
disability/ˌdIsə′bIlətI/n.[C]&
[U]缺陷;
伤残
disadvantage/ˌdIsəd′vɑːntIdʒ/n.[C]&
[U]不利;
不利条件;
缺点
disagreement/ˌdIsə′ɡriːmənt/n.[C]&
[U]意见不一;
分歧;
争论
discount/′dIskaʊnt/n.[C]&
[U]折扣vt.打折扣;
不全信;
低估
Ⅰ.词汇与派生
A.语境填词
1.Thissticklooksasifitwerebentinthewater,butactually(事实上)itisstraight.
2.We’regoingtomakeavoyage(航行)fromQingdaotoDalianduringthesummerholidays.
3.Afterafewyears,shewassentbacktohernative(本国的)country.
4.Ofthephrases“gocrazy”and“gonuts”,thelatter(后者的)isusedlessfrequently.
5.Englishwasbased(以……为根据)moreonGermanduringthe5thcenturyAD.
6.Readingisoneofthebestwaysofenlargingyourvocabulary(词汇量).
7.Hehatedbeinginthearmybecausehehadtoobeycommands(命令).
8.Visitorsarerequested(要求)nottotakephotosoftheexhibitsinthismuseum.
9.Itisnotpolitetointerruptaspeakerwithfrequent(频繁的)questions.
B.用所给词的适当形式填空
10.Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetoyouallthoughsomemorefeelingsarebeyondexpression.(express)
11.Hehadchangedsomuchthatyoudidn’trecognizehim.Asamatteroffact,illnessandagechangedhimbeyondrecognition.(recognize)
12.Recoveryfromthediseaseisverygradual.Astheweathergraduallybecomeswarmerandwarmer,hewillpickupsoon.(gradual)
13.Someofficialscametotheheadmaster’sofficeyesterday.(office)
14.Thepolicefailedtoidentifythatcriminal’sidentity,whichledtohisrelease.(identity)
15.FluencyinEnglishmaycontributetofluentFrenchastheysharealotofsimilarities.(fluent)
16.Itcanbeusefultowriteashortsummaryafterreadingapassage,becauseitwillbeofgreatusetoyourwriting.(usage)
17.Mr.Wang,ateacherwithrichexperience,encouragedustoenrichourlifebyjoininginallkindsofactivitiesafterclass.(rich)
Ⅱ.短语运用
A.用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空
18.Childhoodexperiencesoftenplayabigpartinshapingone’scharacter.
19.Theywereholdingonatthetime,waitingfortherescuer.
20.Thesubjectcameupduringapredinnerdrinkwithourguestslastnight.
21.Manypeopleagreethatagoodmarriageisbasedontrust.
22.Makinggooduseofthismethodcanproducepositivetransferofthestudents.
23.Mr.Browncamebackhomeyesterday.Believeitornot,hewasgoneforyears.
B.用方框内所给短语填空
24.It’smoreusefultolearnmodernlanguages,suchasEnglishandGerman,thanLatin.
25.Manybeautifulfisharefastdisappearingbecauseoftheseriouspollution.
26.Evenifyousawhimpickupthemoney,youcan’tbesurehestoleit.
27.Atpresent,wehavetofocusonourstudyastheexamsarecoming.
28.Hetooktheactionwithoutasecondthoughtsohedeservedthefailure.
29.Beforetherain,agreatnumberofantsaremovingtheirhomesfromalowerplacetoahigherone.
Ⅲ.经典句式
30.Hecouldn’tunderstanditevenifyouexplainedtohim.
即使你给他解释,他也听不懂。
31.HeisholdingtwoforksthesamewayasweChineseholdchopsticks.
他正用我们中国人握筷子的方式握着两把叉子。
32.Hedoesn’tcometoschooltoday.Thisisbecauseheisill.
他今天没有来上学,是因为他生病了。
33.Afterhishardwork,hisspokenEnglishisbetterthaneverbefore.
经过他的努力学习,他的英语口语比以往更好了。
34.Itisdangerousforyoutoskatehere.
你在这里滑冰很危险。
1basevt.以……为据点(或总部等);
把(总部等)设在(use...asthemainplace);
以……为基础;
n.根基,基底;
底座(thelowestpart);
根据,出发点;
基础
[应试指导] 过去分词句法功能的考查
base...on/upon...把……建立在……;
以……为根据
bebasedon/upon以……为根据(基础)
basisn.原因,缘由;
基准,准则;
方式;
onthebasisof在……基础上
basicadj.基础的;
基本的
Actually,teachingisanartbasedonscience.
事实上,教学是一门建立在科学基础上的艺术。
[夯实基础]
(1)语法填空
①Basing(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.
②Based(base)onmyownopinion,thisoneisfarbetterthanthatone.
(2)用base短语完成句子
Therestaurantisbasedontrust,anditisworkingallright.
这家餐馆建立在信任之上,现在运营正常。
(3)按要求改写句子
①Basedontrust,therestaurantisworkingallright.(把上题
(2)改为含有分词短语作状语的简单句)
②Therestaurant,whichisbasedontrust,isworkingallright.(把上题
(2)改为含有定语从句的复合句)
2separatev.把……分开;
分隔;
adj.分开的;
单独的;
独立的
separateAfromB把A和B分开
beseparatedfrom和……分离
divide...into...把……分成……
It’snotalwayseasytoseparatecausefromeffect.
因果关系并不总是容易区分的。
Theyledseparatelives.他们各自单独生活。
[特别提醒]
separate没有破坏宾语的整体性,只是将宾语分开;
divide则破坏了宾语的完整性。
语法填空
(1)Icanseparatecreamfrommilk.
(2)Thetwocitiesareseparatedbyahighway.
(3)Dividethecakeintohalves.
(4)TaiwanispartofChina.Butitisaseparateisland.It’sseparatedfromthemainlandbyTaiwanStrait.(separately)
3commandv.命令(order);
博得;
拥有;
指挥(beinchargeof);
n.命令;
掌握(control);
运用能力
[应试指导]
(1)虚拟语气的考查
(2)写作高级词汇haveagoodcommandof
commandsb.todo...命令某人做……
commandthat...(should)do...命令……
atone’scommand听某人支配
haveagoodcommandof掌握……;
精通……
takecommandof指挥;
控制
incommandof掌管;
掌握
Thepolicearrivedandtookcommandofthesituation.
警察到达后就控制了局势。
Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.
他们帮助电脑对来自大脑的指令做出反应。
①Iamhereatthepresident’scommand.
②Theyareincommandofthepresentsituation.
③Afterhardwork,hefinallytookcommandofthelanguageofEnglish.
④Thedirectorcommandedthateveryone(should)follow(follow)hisadvice.
(2)他命令我们马上出发。
(一句多译)
①Hecommandedthatwe(should)setoffatonce.(commandthat...)
②Hecommandedustosetoffatonce.(command+复合宾语)
4requestvt.&
n.要求;
请求(ask;
askfor)
[应试指导] 虚拟语气的考查
requestsb.todosth.请求某人做某事
requeststh.fromsb.向某人要求某物
requestthat...(should)do...要求……
atone’srequest=attherequestofsb.应某人的要求
Shehadrequestedthatthedoortoherroombeleftopen.
她要求不要关闭通向她房间的门。
Vietnammadeanofficialrequestthatthemeetingbepostponed.
越南已经正式请求将会议推迟。
动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词为(should+)动词原形。
同义句改写
(1)WerequestedMr.Wangnottosmokeintheoffice.
WerequestedthatMr.Wang(should)notsmokeintheoffice.
(2)Itisrequestedthatalltheclubmembersattendtheannualmeeting.
Alltheclubmembersarerequestedtoattendtheannualmeeting.
5expectv.预料;
预计;
期望;
盼望
[应试指导] beexpectedtodo,besupposedtodo作为高级词汇替换should,hadbetter
expectsb.todo...预料(期望)某人做……
asexpected正如所料;
不出所料
expectationn.预料;
希望,盼望
inexpectationof预料
beyondexpectations出乎意料
liveuptosb.’sexpectations达到期望;
符合希望
Wewereexpectinghimhomeagainsomeday.
我们期盼着他某一天再回家。
Don’texpectmetocomeandvisityouthere.
别指望我会去那儿看你。
①Writingoutalltheinvitationsbyhandwasmoretimeconsumingthanwehadexpected(expect).
②Theshowliveduptoallourexpectations(expect)—itwaswonderful.
(2)Hefailedintheexam,andallofushadexpectedit.
①Asexpected,hefailedintheexam.(用as的省略句改写句子)
②Aswasexpected,hefailedintheexam.(用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写句子)
③Hefailedintheexam,whichwasexpected.(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写句子)
6recognizev.认识;
辨认出(makeout);
意识到;
承认(admit);
赏识,表彰;
向……打招呼(saluteto)
[应试指导] 在语境中时态的考查
berecognizedas...被公认为……
Itisrecognizedthat...人们公认……
outof/beyondrecognition认不出来
ShehaschangedsomuchthatIcanhardlyrecognizeher.她变化那么大,我几乎认不出来了。
Herecognizedthathewasnotqualifiedforthework.
他认识到自己做这项工作是不够格的。
Beingrecognizedinpublichasbroughthermuchtrouble,sosheisalwayswearingdarkglassestoavoidrecognition.(recognize)
(2)Itisrecognizedthatenvironmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.
Environmentalpollutionisrecognizedtohavebecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.(用sth.berecognizedto...改写句子)
7comeup走近(comeover);
发生(happen);
出现(appear);
被提及/讨论(bementioned);
长出地面,发芽;
(太阳、月亮)升起;
被提出
[应试指导] “come+副词”类语境词义辨析
comeupwith提出,想出(主意、计划、回答等)
comeabout发生
comeacross偶然碰到;
被理解
comealong跟着;
前来;
参加
comeout出版;
开花;
发芽
Aquestioncameupatthemeeting.
在会上提出了一个问题。
选择方框内的短语填空
(1)Theskywasdarkbluewhenthemooncameup.
(2)IcameacrossanoldschoolfriendinOxfordStreetthismorning.
(3)Yourmostrecentbookcameoutlastweek.
(4)Someonehadbettercomeupwithasolutionfast.
8atpresent(=atthepresenttime)现在;
目前
[应试指导] atpresent作为高级词汇替换now
presentadj.存在的;
目前的;
在场的;
v.授予;
提出;
提交;
n.礼物;
bepresentat出席……
inthepresenceofsb.=inone’spresence当着某人的面,在某人面前
presentsth.tosb.=presentsb.withsth.向某人赠送某物
makeapresentofsth.tosb.(=makesb.apresentofsth.)把某物赠送给某人
forthepresent(=forthetimebeing)目前;
暂时
WangHua,ourmonitor,presentedherwiththepreparedflowers.
班长王华向她献上了准备好的鲜花。
(陕西·
书面表达)
Besides,therearesomepresentsIboughtformyfamilymembersandfriends;
itwillbeagreatdisappointmenttomeifIcan’tfindthesuitcase.
而且,箱子里面有我为家人和朋友买的礼物,如果找不到它,我会很失望。
(重庆·
[图解助记]
present作前置定语时意为“目前的”;
作后置定语时,意为“出席的,在场的”。
(1)Theboywaspunishedinthepresenceofallhisclassmates.
(2)WewerepresentattheconcertwhileTomwasabsentfromit.
(3)Themayorpresentedhimwithagoldmedalatanofficialcityreception.
(4)Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstationtopresent(present)informationinamoreeffectiveway.
9makeuseof利用(use,especiallyto
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