河北省定兴县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练6Word文档格式.docx
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河北省定兴县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练6Word文档格式.docx
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sanimmediatedanger.’”Haretold.
Hareandsomeotherresearchersbelievesuchsoundsarepartofanadvancedlanguagethatdevelopsjustasallothercommunicationsystems.
Althoughsquirrelsrisk
theirliveswhentheycallouttowarnothersofthreats,othersquirrelsmightadmirethisbehaviour,thusincreasinglythecaller'
ssocialstatus,likehumanswholookuptoheroes.Hareaddedthatotheranimals,suchasbirds,probablyunderstandatleastsomesquirrellanguage,sincetheyalsomaybenefitfromthealarmcalls.
Infact,anotherCanadianstudyfoundthatdeepvoiced,blackcappedchickadeeshavetheirownlanguage,too.Accordingtocertainresearch,therearealotoftidingsinchickadees'
calls,suchasdirectingfellows'
activities,keepingincontactbetweenmates,andraisingalarms.
Whilechickadeesandotherbirdsareoftenwelcomedintog
ardensbyhomeowners,squirrelsarefrequentlyviewedaspests(害兽).Harewishesagreaterunderstandingofthecomplexsociallivesandcommunicationsystemsofsquirrelswillprovide“hopethathumanswillgainagreaterappreciationandstopdoingharmtotheseanimals”.
1.Thetextmainlytalksabout________.
A.thestudyonthelanguageofsquirrels
B.thecomparisonbetweensquirrelsandchickadees
C.thecallingfortheprotectionofsquirrels
D.thewaysforsquirrelstoescapefromtheirenemies
2.Ifasquirrelisinaverydangeroussituation,itwouldprobablymake________.
A.whistleswithchucks
B.purechirps
C.whistleswithoutchucks
D.repeatedchucks
3.Theunderlinedword“tidings”inParagraph6probablymeans“________”.
A.difficultiesB.poises
C.messagesD.languages
4.Whatcanbelearnedfromthistext?
A.Squirrelscommunicatewitheachotherashumansdo.
B.Somesquirrelsunderstandtherecordedalarmcalls.
C.Otheranimalsalsowellunderstandthelanguageofsquirrels.
D.Birdssuchaschickadeesdon'
thavetheirownlanguage.
(二)
【要点综述】本文主要讲了Hare以及他带领的团队对松鼠们所使用的语言进行的研究。
1.A 主旨大意题。
纵观全文可以看出,文章向我们讲述了Hare以及他带领的团队对松鼠们所使用的语言进行的研究。
2
.B 细节理解题。
由文章中的内容可以看出,B项正确。
3.C 词义猜测题。
下文suchas后里列
举的directingfellows'
activities,keepingincontactbetweenmates,andraisingalarms都是不同的信息,由此可以看出,该词和message同义。
4.B 推理判断题。
从文章第二段中“Somesquirrelsliftedtheirheadsupandbecamea
lert(警惕的).Creaturesthatwe
remorefrightenedsimplyranfortheirlivesanddivedintocaves.”可以看出,松鼠们对于“therecordedalarmcalls”反应很敏感,也就是说它们能理解。
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Believeitornot,opticalillusion(视错觉)cancuthighwaycrashes.
Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedcarcrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Butstripes,calledchevrons(人字形),paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.
NowtheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan’ssuccess.Startingnextyear,thefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.
Toogreatspeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallserioustrafficaccidents,accordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidents,thefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeed-relatedrisksarethegreatestcurves,exitslopes,trafficcircles,andbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraight,horizontalbars(水平杆)paintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.However,trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbars.
Chevrons,scientistssay,notonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealaneappeartobenarrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftrafficaccidents.
36.Thepassagemainlydiscusses________.
A.anewtypeofopticalillusion
B.anewpatternforpaintinghighways
C.anewwayoftrainingdrivers
D.anewwayofhighwayspeedcontrol
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。
通读全文,我们可以知道,在高速公路上画各种线是为了让司机觉得车速过快,从而达到控制车速的目的。
37.Onroadspaintedwithchevrons,driverstendtofeelthat________.
A.theyshouldavoidspeed-relateddanger
B.theyshouldslowdowntheirspeed
C.theyaredrivinginthewrongside
D.theyarecomingneartothespeedlimit
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题,由“Butstripes,calledchevrons(人字形),paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.”可知B项正确。
38.Comparedwithstraight,horizontalbars,whatistheadvantageofchevrons?
A.TheywillhavealongereffectondriversB.Theycancutroadaccidentsinhalf
C.TheywilllookmoreattractiveD.Theycankeepdriversawake
【答案】A
【解析】推断题。
由最后两段对比可知,人字形线比直线,平等线对控制车速有更长久的影响。
39.TheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyplansto________.
A.repeattheJapaneseroadpatterns
B.changetheroadsignsacrossthecountry
C.replacestraight,horizontalbarswithchevrons
D.tryouttheJapanesemethodincertainareas
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。
根据“paintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountry”可知他们在精心挑选的几条路上试验日本的模式。
40.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstraight,horizontalbarspaintedacrossroads?
A.Theyaresuitableonlyonbroadroads.
B.TheyarefallingoutofuseintheUnitedStates.
C.Theyareignoredinalongperiodoftime.
D.Theycannotbeusedsuccessfullytotrafficcircles.
【答案】C
【解析】推理题。
根据“However,trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbars.”可知答案选C。
The$11billionself–helpindustryisbuiltontheideathatyoushouldturnnegativethoughtslike“Ineverdoanythingright”intopositiveoneslike“Icansucceed.”ButwaspositivethinkingadvocateNormanVincentPealeright?
Istherepowerinpositivethinking?
ResearchersinCanadajustpublishedastudyinthejournalPsychologicalSciencethatsaystryingtogetpeopletothinkmorepositivelycanactuallyhavetheoppositeeffect:
itcansimplystresshowunhappytheyare.
Thestudy'
sauthors,JoanneWoodandJohnLeeoftheUniversityofWaterlooandElainePerunovicoftheUniversityofNewBrunswick,beginbycitingolderresearchshowingthatwhenpeoplegetfeedbackwhichtheybelieveistoopositive,theyactuallyfeelworse,notbetter.IfyoutellyourstupidfriendthathehasthepotentialofanEinstein,you'
rejustunderlininghisfaults.Inone1990sexperiment,ateamincludingpsychologistJoelCooperofPrincetonaskedparticipantstowriteessaysopposingfundingforthedisabled.Whentheauthorswerelaterpraisedfortheirsympathy,theyfeltevenworseaboutwhattheyhadwritten.
Inthisexperiment,Wood,LeeandPerunovicmeasured68students’self-respect.Theparticipantswerethenaskedtowritedowntheirthoughtsandfeelingsforfourminutes.Every15seconds,onegroupofstudentsheardabell.Whenitrang,theyweresupposedtotellthemselves,"
Iamlovable."
Thosewithlowself-respectdidn'
tfeelbetteraftertheforcedself-affirmation(自我肯定).Infact,theirmoodsturnedsignificantlydarkerthanthoseofmembersofthecontrolgroup,whoweren'
turgedtothinkpositivethoughts.
Thepaperprovidessupportfornewerformsofpsychotherapy(心理治疗)thaturgepeopletoaccepttheirnegativethoughtsandfeelingsratherthanfightthem.Inthefighting,wenotonlyoftenfailbutcanmakethingsworse.Instead,meditation(静思)techniquescanteachpeopletoputtheirshortcomingsintoalarger,morerealisticway.Callitthepowerofnegativethinking.
41.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraphabouttheself-helpindustry?
A.ItwasestablishedbyNormanVincentPeale.
B.Itisahighlyprofitableindustry.
C.Itisbasedontheconceptofpositivethinking.
D.Ithasprovidedpositiveresults.
原文定位于首段第一句“The$11billionself-helpindustryisbuiltontheideathatyoushouldturnnegativethoughtslike“Ineverdoanythingright”intopositiveoneslike“Icansucceed.”选项中的basedon与文中的builton同义。
42.WhatisthefindingoftheCanadianresearchers?
A.Therecanbenosimpletreatmentforpsychologicalproblems.
B.Thepowerofpositivethinkingislimited.
C.Unhappypeoplecannotthinkpositively.
D.Encouragingpositivethinkingmaydomoreharmthangood.
【解析】原文定位为第二段:
“ResearchersinCanadajustpublishedastudyinthejournalPsychologicalSciencethatsaystryingtogetpeopletothinkmorepositivelycanactuallyhaveoppositeeffect;
”之后,作者在下一段又再次强调了这一观点“olderresearchshowingthatwhenpeoplegetfeedbackwhichtheybelieveisoverlypositive,theyactuallyfeelworse,notbetter.”causeofatragedy与选项中的causeofthecrash一致。
抓住关键词“oppositeeffect;
feelworse,
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