中科院 考博 英语真题及答案Word文档格式.docx
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中科院 考博 英语真题及答案Word文档格式.docx
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4.Someofthepatients,especiallythedying,wantedto______inthemanandwomanwhohadeasedtheirsuffering.
A.confideB.ponderC.wellD:
reflect
5.Weallbuythingsonthe______ofthemoment;
thisiswhattheretailtradecallsan“impulse“buy.
urgeB.forceC.spurD.rush.
6.Nothinghaseverequaledthe______andspeedwithwhichthehumanspeciesisalteringthephysicalandchemicalworld.
A.concernB.magnitudeC.volumeD.carelessness
7.Theseconddistinguishingcharacteristicofjazzisarhythmicdrivethatwas______called"
hot"
andlater"
swing."
A.shortlyB.initiallyC.actuallyD.literally
8.Thedepthofbenefitsofreadingvariesin______thedepthofone'
sone’sexperience
A.tempowithB.timewithC.placeofD.proportionto
9.Whateverthequestionshereallywantedtoaskatthereprocessingplant,though,hewouldneverallowhispersonalfeelingsto______withanassignment.
A.interruptB.botherC.interfereD.intervene
10.His______withcomputersbegansixmonthsago.
A.imaginationB.invocationC.observationD.obsession
11.IlikecatsbutunfortunatelyIam______tothem.
A.vulnerableB.allergicC.inclinedD.hostile
12.SomeofthewordsemployedbyShakespeareinhisworkshavebecome______andarenolongerusedinthepresentdays.
A.obsoleteB.obsceneC.obviousD.oblique
13.Oneofthemainwaystostayoutoftroublewithgovernmentagentsistokeepalaw______awayfromthosesituationswhereinyoucallattentiontoyourself.
A.mannerB.positionC.profileD.station
14.With1millioncopiessoldoutwithinjust2weeks,thatbookisindeeda______success.
A.provisionalB.sensationalC.sentimentalD.potential
15.Asthecoreofthemanagementhoard,hecanalwayscomeupwith______ideastopromotethecorporation'
smarketingstrategies.
A.integralB.instinctiveC.intangibleD.ingenious
l6.Theyspeakofelectioncampaignpollsasamusicianmightofanorchestra______,orapainterofdefectivepaint.
A.inpaceB.outoffocusC.instepD.outoftune
17.Surelyitdoesn'
tmatterwherecharitiesgettheirmoneyfrom:
what______muchiswhattheydowithit.
A.tauntsforB.asksforC.consistsofD.approvesof
l8.Anybusinessneedsordinaryinsurance______riskssuchasfire,floodandbreakage.
A.inB.againstC.raftD.of
19.Ashewasathoroughlyprofessionaljournalist,healreadyknewthemedia______.
A.toandfroB.upsideanddownC.insideandoutD.nowandthen
20.Therewaslittle,ifany,evidencetosubstantiatethegossipand,______,therewaslittletodisproveit.
PARTIICLOZETEST(15minutes,15points)
Thereisacloserrelationshipbetweenmoralsandarchitectureandinteriordecoration______21,wesuspect.HuxleyhaspointedoutthatWesternladiesdidnottakefrequentbaths______22theywereafraidtoseetheirownnakedbodies,andthismoralconceptdelayedthe______23ofthemodernwhite-enameledbathtubforcenturies.Onecanunderstand,______24inthedesignofoldChinesefurnituretherewassolittleconsiderationforhuman______25onlywhenwerealizetheConfucianatmosphereinwhichpeoplemovedabout.ChineseredwoodFurniturewasdesignedforpeopletosit______26in,becausethatwastheonlypostureapprovedbysociety.
EvenChineseemperorshadtositona(n)______27onwhichIwouldnotthinkof______28formorethanfiveminutes,andforthatmattertheEnglishkingswerejustas
badlyoff.Cleopatrawentabout______29onacouchcarriedbyservants,because______30shehadneverheardofConfucius.IfConfuciusshouldhaveseenherdoingthat,hewouldcertainlyhavestruckhershinswithastick,ashedid______31oneofhisolddisciples,YuanJiang,whenthelatterwasfoundsittinginan______32posture.IntheConfuciansocietyinwhichwelived,gentlemenandladieshadto______33themselvesperfectlyerect,atleastonformal______34,andanysignofputtingone'
slegupwouldbeatonceconsideredasignofvulgarityandlackof______35.
21.A.for
B.than
C.as
D.that
22.A.if
B.when
C.because
D.though
23.A.rise
B.existence
C.occurrence
D.increase
24.A.what
B.where
C.how
D.why
25.A.care
B.choice
C.concern
D.comfort
26.A.upright
B.tight
C.fast
D.stiff
27.A.armchair
B.throne
C.altar
D.couch
28.A.moving
B.keeping
C.remaining
D.lasting
29.A.traveling
B.staying
C.wandering
D.reclining
30.A.fortunately
B.frankly
C.accordingly
D.apparently
31.A.in
B.on
C.to
D.at
32.A.responsible
B.incorrect
C.immoral
D.imperfect
33.A.hold
B.sit
C.behave
D.conduct
34.A.conditions
B.situations
C.occasions
D.instances
35.A.culture
B.confidence
C.morality
D.modesty
PARTIIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION
SectionA(60minutes,30points)
PassageOne
MostpeoplewouldbeimpressedbythehighqualityofmedicineavailabletomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealofattentiontotheindividual,avastamountofadvancedtechnicalequipment,andintenseeffortnottomakemistakesbecauseofthefinancialriskwhichdoctorsandhospitalsmustfacethecourtsiftheyhandlethingsbadly.
ButtheAmericansareinamess.Theproblemisthewayinwhichhealthcareisorganizedandfinanced.Contrarytopublicbelief,itisnotjustafreecompetitionsystem.Totheprivatesystemhasbeenjoinedalargepublicsystem,becauseprivatecarewassimplynotlookingafterthelessfortunateandtheelderly.
Butevenwiththishugepublicpartofthesystem,whichthisyearwilleatup84.5billiondollars-morethan10percentoftheU.S.budget-largenumbersofAmericansareleftout.TheseincludeabouthalftheI1millionunemployedandthosewhofailtomeetthestrictlimitsonincomefixedbyagovernmenttryingtomakesavingswhereitcan.
Thebasicproblem,however,isthatthereisnocentralcontroloverthehealthsystem.Thereisnolimittowhatdoctorsandhospitalschargefortheirservices.Overthanwhatthepublicisabletopay.Thenumberofdoctorshasshotupandpriceshaveclimbed.Whenfacedwithtoothache,asickchild,oraheartattack,alltheunfortunatepersonconcernedcandoispayup.
Two-thirdsofthepopulationsarecoveredbymedicalinsurance.Doctorschargeasmuchastheywantknowingthattheinsurancecompanywillpaythebill.
ThemedicalprofessionhasasaresultbecomeAmerica'
snewbigbusinessmen.Theaverageincomeofdoctorshasnowreached$100,000ayear.Withsuchvastincomesthetalkinthedoctor'
ssurgeryisaslikelytobeaboutthedoctor'
slatest
financialdeal,asaboutwhethertheminoroperationheisrecommendingatseveralthousanddollarsisentirelynecessary.
TherisingcostofmedicineintheU.S.A.isamongthemostworryingproblemfacingthecountry.In1981thecountry'
shealthcostclimbed15.9percent-abouttwiceasfastaspricesingeneral.
36.IntheU.S.patientscaneffect,inmedical______.
A.occasionalmistakesbycarelessdoctors
B.agreatdealofpersonalattention
C.lowchargebydoctorsandhospitals
D.stackingnursesandbadservices
37.Doctorsandhospitalstryhardtoavoidmakingmistakesbecause______.
A.theyfeartobesuedbythepatients
B.theycaremuchaboutTheirreputation
C.theycompeteforgettingmorepatents
D.theywishtojointheprivatemedicalsystem
38.WhatdomostAmericansthinkabouthealthintheU.S.?
A.Itmustbeintotalchaos
B.Itmustbeafreecompetitionsystem
C.Itshouldcovertheunemployed
D.Itshouldinvolveprivatecare.
39.FromParagraph3weknowthat______fromthepublichealthsystem.
A.millionsofjoblesspeoplegetsupport.
B.thosewithsteadyincomedonotseekhelp.
C.somepeoplearemadeineligibletobenefit.
D.thosewithprivatehealthcareareexcluded.
40.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthekeyfactorintheriseofhealthcostintheUS?
A.Therefusalofinsurancecompaniestopaythebills
B.Theincreaseofthenumberofdoctorsandhospitals
C.thelackofgovernmentcontroloverthemedicalprices
D.Themergerofprivatehealthcarewiththepublicsystem.
41.ItisimpliedthatAmericandoctorsoften______.
A.tradetheirprofessionalismforfinancialbenefits
B.failstorecognizethepayingpowerofthepatients
C.discussabouthowtomakemoneyduringthesurgery
D.givesthepatientsexpensivebutneedlesstreatments.
Passagetwo
AlmosteverydaythemediadiscoversanAfricancommunityfightingsomeformofenvironmentalthreatfromlandfills.Garbagedumps,petrochemicalplants,refineries,busdepots,andthelistgoon.Foryears,residentswatchedhelplesslyastheircommunitiesbecamedumpinggrounds.
Butcitizensdidn'
tremainsilentforlong.Localactivistshavebeenorganizingunderthemantleofenvironmentaljusticesinceasfarbackas1968.Morethanthreedecadesago,theconceptofenvironmentaljusticehadnotregisteredontheradarscreensofmanyenvironmentalorcivilrightsgroups.Bu
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