全国考研管理类联考英语二真题docWord格式文档下载.docx

全国考研管理类联考英语二真题docWord格式文档下载.docx

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SectionⅠUseofEnglish

Directions：

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggestthathappinessmightinfluence___1___firmswork,too.

Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.___2___,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&

D（researchanddevelopment）.That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking___3___formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.

Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe___4___andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould___5___thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness___6___byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.

___7___enough,firms’investmentandR&

Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere___8___.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities___9___whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&

D?

Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious___10___thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest–likesize,industry,andsales–andforindicatorsthataplacewas___11___tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally___12___evenafteraccountingforthesethings.

Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors___13___to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless___14___managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas___15___strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore___16___.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.

___17___thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast___18___atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp___19___howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand___20___R&

Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.

1.[A]why[B]where[C]how[D]when

2.[A]Inreturn[B]Inparticular[C]Incontrast[D]Inconclusion

3.[A]sufficient[B]famous[C]perfect[D]necessary

4.[A]individualism[B]modernism[C]optimism[D]realism

5.[A]echo[B]miss[C]spoil[D]change

6.[A]imagined[B]measured[C]invented[D]assumed

7.[A]Sure[B]Odd[C]Unfortunate[D]Often

8.[A]advertised[B]divided[C]overtaxed[D]headquartered

9.[A]explain[B]overstate[C]summarize[D]emphasize

10.[A]stages[B]factors[C]levels[D]methods

11.[A]desirable[B]sociable[C]reputable[D]reliable

12.[A]resumed[B]held[C]emerged[D]broke

13.[A]attribute[B]assign[C]transfer[D]compare

14.[A]serious[B]civilized[C]ambitious[D]experienced

15.[A]thus[B]instead[C]also[D]never

16.[A]rapidly[B]regularly[C]directly[D]equally

17.[A]After[B]Until[C]While[D]Since

18.[A]arrives[B]jumps[C]hints[D]strikes

19.[A]shape[B]rediscover[C]simplify[D]share

20.[A]prayfor[B]leantowards[C]giveaway[D]sendout

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA，B,C,orD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

　It'

struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren'

tessentialforlearningcomputerscienceincollege.Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses,saidTomCortina,theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon'

sSchoolofComputerScience.

　　However,Cortinasaid,earlyexposureisbeneficial.Whenyoungerkidslearncomputerscience,theylearnthatit'

snotjustaconfusing,endlessstringoflettersandnumbers-butatooltobuildapps,orcreateartwork,ortesthypotheses.It'

snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents.Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sizedchunksandusingcodetosolvethembecomesnormal.Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap,Cortinasaid.

　　Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege,whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim,whichcandrivetheless-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway.

　　TheFlatironSchool,wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedasoneofthemanycodingbootcampsthat'

sbecomepopularforadultslookingforacareerchange.Thehigh-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum,but"

wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey'

reinterestedin,"

saidVictoriaFriedman,aninstructor.Forinstance,oneoftheappsthestudentsaredevelopingsuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood.

　　ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon'

tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthenextFacebook.Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover,sothe"

RubyonRails"

languagetheylearnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket.Buttheskillstheylearn-howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults-applytoanycodinglanguage,saidDeborahSeehorn,aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina.

　　Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall.Butcreatingafuturearmyofcodersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses.Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers-intheirpockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes-fortherestoftheirlives,Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant-theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat-thebetter.

21.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasierto_______

　　[A]completefuturejobtraining

　　[B]remodelthewayofthinking

　　[C]formulatelogicalhypotheses

　　[D]perfectartworkproduction

　　22.Indeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers,Flatironhasconsideredtheir________

　　[A]experience

　　[B]interest

　　[C]careerprospects

　　[D]academicbackgrounds

　　23.DeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatironwill________

　　[A]helpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages

　　[B]havetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescome

　　[C]needimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobs

　　[D]enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney

　　24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Flatironstudentsareexpectedto______

　　[A]bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies

　　[B]staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry

　　[C]becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld

　　[D]competewithafuturearmyofprogrammers

　　25.Theword"

coax"

（Line4,Para.6）isclosestinmeaningto________

　　[A]persuade

　　[B]frighten

　　[C]misguide

　　[D]challenge

Text2

Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens---akindofbirdlivingonstretchinggrasslands-oncelentredtotheoftengreylandscapeofthemidwesternandsouthwesternUnitedStates.Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,occupyingabout16%ofthespecies'

historicrange.

　　ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.S.FishandWildlifeService（USFWS）decidedtoformallylistthebirdasthreatened."

Thelesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation,"

saidUSFWSDirectorDanielAshe.Someenvironmentalists,however,weredisappointed.Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas"

endangered,"

astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe"

threatened"

taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew,potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproaches.Inparticular,theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstategovernments,whichareoftenuneasywithfederalaction.andwiththeprivatelandownerswhocontrolanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken'

shabitat.

　　Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorbusinessesthatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,aslongastheyhadsignedarange-widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates,theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10years.AnditgivestheWesternAssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies（WAFWA）,acoalitionofstateagencies,thejobofmonitoringprogress.Overall,theideaistolet"

states"

remaininthedriver'

sseatformanagingthespecies,"

Ashesaid.

　　Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoric.SomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblocktheplan,andatleastadozenindustrygroups,fourstates,andthreeenvironmentalgroupsarechallengingitinfederalcourt.Notsurprisingly,doesn'

tgofarenough."

Thefederalgovernmentisgivingresponsibilityformanagingthebirdtothesameindustriesthatarepushingittoextinction,"

sa