美国文学考试题详解及笔记整理Word文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:22575968
- 上传时间:2023-02-04
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:17
- 大小:198.68KB
美国文学考试题详解及笔记整理Word文档格式.docx
《美国文学考试题详解及笔记整理Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《美国文学考试题详解及笔记整理Word文档格式.docx(17页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
whenhereturnedhomein1832,hewasacclaimedas(被誉为)theoneAmericanauthorwhompeopleinEuropeknewabout,andtheAmericanstookasasignthatAmericanliteraturewasemergingasanindependententity(形成一个独立的实体).TosaythathewasfatherofAmericanliteratureisnotmuchexaggeration(夸大).Theshortstoryasagenre(风格)inAmericanliteratureprobablybeganwithIrving’sthesketchbook(见闻札记),acollectionofessays,sketches(草图),andtales,ofwhichthemostfamousandfrequentlyanthologizedare“RipVanWinkle”and“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”.ThebooktouchedtheAmericanimaginationandforeshadowed(预示)thecomingofHawthorne霍桑,Melville,梅尔维尔,andPoe爱伦·
坡,inwhosehandstheshortstoryattainedadegreeofperfectionasliterarytradition.ItalsomarkedthebeginningofAmercianRomanticism.
2.WhatisNathanielHawthorne’swritingstyle?
纳撒尼尔·
霍桑的写作风格
Hawthorne’svocabularywaswideandwell-controlled.Writingisattheformallevel.Hechosehiswordswithasharpsenseofprecisemeaningandakeenearforpleasantsound.Hisstyleisalsonoteworthyforhisfrequentuseofimages.Metaphorsandsimilesabound,mostofthemstirringlyfreshandeffective,hemakesskillfuluseofcolorsasameansforconveyingmood.Hisstyleissoft,flowingandalmostfeminine.Hislanguageissmooth,clear,beautifulinsoundandmeaning.Healsofrequentlyusessymbolsandsettingstorevealthepsychologyofthecharacters.
3.MakeabriefcommentonsymbolisminthenovelMobyDick.
(HermanMelville赫尔曼·
麦尔维尔)
对《白鲸记》中的象征主义做出一个简短的评论
Thereissymbolisminthebook.TheVoyageitselfisametaphorfor"
searchanddiscovery,thesearchfortheultimatetruthofexperience."
ThePequodistheshipoftheAmericansoul,andtheendeavorofitscrewrepresents"
themaniacalfanaticismofourwhitementalconsciousness"
.Byfarthemostconspicuoussymbolinthebookis,ofcourse,MobyDick.Thewhitewhaleiscapableofmanyinterpretations.Itisasymbolofeviltosome,readersofgoodnesstoothers,andofbothtostillothers.Heis"
paradoxicallybenignandmalevolent,nourishinganddestructive,"
"
massive,brutal,monolithic,butatthesametimeprotean,eroticallybeautiful,infinitelyvariable."
Itswhitenessisaparadoxicalcolor,too,signifyingasitdoesdeathandcorruptionaswellaspurity,innocence,andyouth.Itrepresentsthefinalmysteryoftheuniversewhichmanwilldowelltodesistfrompursuing.AsAhabandhiscrewdonotleaveitalone,itisonlynaturalthattheygetdrowned.
4.GiveabriefintroductionaboutUncleTom’sCabin.
对《汤姆叔叔的小屋》做出一个简短的介绍
ThebookopenswithaKentuckyfarmernamedArthurShelbyfacingthelossofhisfarmbecauseofdebts.Eventhoughheandhiswife,EmilyShelby,believethattheyhaveabenevolentrelationshipwiththeirslaves,Shelbydecidestoraisetheneededfundsbysellingtwoofthem—UncleTom,amiddle-agedmanwithawifeandchildren,andHarry,thesonofEmilyShelby’smaidEliza—toaslavetrader.EmilyShelbyhatestheideaofdoingthisbecauseshehadpromisedhermaidthatherchildwouldneverbesold;
Emily'
sson,GeorgeShelby,hatestoseeTomgobecauseheseesthemanashisfriendandmentor.
WhenElizaoverhearsMr.andMrs.ShelbydiscussingplanstosellTomandHarry,Elizadeterminestorunawaywithherson.ThenovelstatesthatElizamadethisdecisionbecauseshefearslosingheronlysurvivingchild(shehadalreadymiscarriedtwochildren).Elizadepartsthatnight,leavinganoteofapologytohermistress.
Whileallofthisishappening,UncleTomissoldandplacedonariverboat,whichsetssaildowntheMississippiRiver.Whileonboard,TommeetsandbefriendsayoungwhitegirlnamedEva.WhenEvafallsintotheriver,Tomsavesher.Ingratitude,Eva'
sfather,AugustineSt.Clare,buysTomfromtheslavetraderandtakeshimwiththefamilytotheirhomeinNewOrleans.Duringthistime,TomandEvabegintorelatetooneanotherbecauseofthedeepChristianfaiththeybothshare.
DuringEliza'
sescape,shemeetsupwithherhusbandGeorgeHarris,whohadrunawaypreviously.TheydecidetoattempttoreachCanada.However,theyarenowbeingtrackedbyaslavehunternamedTomLoker.EventuallyLokerandhismentrapElizaandherfamily,causingGeorgetoshootLoker.WorriedthatLokermaydie,ElizaconvincesGeorgetobringtheslavehuntertoanearbyQuakersettlementformedicaltreatment.
BackinNewOrleans,St.ClaredebatesslaverywithhisNortherncousinOpheliawho,whileopposingslavery,isprejudicedagainstblackpeople.St.Clare,however,believesheisnotbiased,eventhoughheisaslaveowner.InanattempttoshowOpheliathatherviewsonblacksarewrong,St.ClarepurchasesTopsy,ayoungblackslave.St.ClarethenasksOpheliatoeducateher.
AfterTomhaslivedwiththeSt.Claresfortwoyears,Evagrowsveryill.Beforeshediessheexperiencesavisionofheaven,whichsheshareswiththepeoplearoundher.Asaresultofherdeathandvision,theothercharactersresolvetochangetheirlives,withOpheliapromisingtothrowoffherpersonalprejudicesagainstblacks,Topsysayingshewillbetterherself,andSt.ClarepledgingtofreeUncleTom.
BeforeSt.Clarecanfollowthroughonhispledge,however,hediesafterbeingstabbedwhileenteringaNewOrleanstavern.Hiswiferenegesonherlatehusband'
svowandsellsTomatauctiontoaviciousplantationownernamedSimonLegree.Legree(atransplantednortherner)takesTomtoruralLouisiana,whereTommeetsLegree'
sotherslaves,includingEmmeline(whomLegreepurchasedatthesametime).
LegreebeginstohateTomwhenTomrefusesLegree'
sordertowhiphisfellowslave.LegreebeatsTomviciously,andresolvestocrushhisnewslave'
sfaithinGod.DespiteLegree'
scruelty,however,TomrefusestostopreadinghisBibleandcomfortingtheotherslavesasbesthecan.Whileattheplantation,TommeetsCassy,anotherofLegree'
sslaves.Cassywaspreviouslyseparatedfromhersonanddaughterwhentheyweresold;
unabletoendurethepainofseeinganotherchildsold,shekilledherthirdchild.
AtthispointTomLokerreturnstothestory.LokerhaschangedastheresultofbeinghealedbytheQuakers.George,Eliza,andHarryhavealsoobtainedtheirfreedomaftercrossingintoCanada.InLouisiana,UncleTomalmostsuccumbstohopelessness,ashisfaithinGodistestedbythehardshipsoftheplantation.However,hehastwovisions,oneofJesusandoneofEva,whichrenewhisresolvetoremainafaithfulChristian,evenuntodeath.HeencouragesCassytoescape,whichshedoes,takingEmmelinewithher.WhenTomrefusestotellLegreewhereCassyandEmmelinehavegone,LegreeordershisoverseerstokillTom.AsTomisdying,heforgivestheoverseerswhosavagelybeathim.Humbledbythecharacterofthemantheyhavekilled,bothmenbecomeChristians.VeryshortlybeforeTom'
sdeath,GeorgeShelby(ArthurShelby'
sson)arrivestobuyTom’sfreedom,butfindsheistoolate.
Ontheirboatridetofreedom,CassyandEmmelinemeetGeorgeHarris'
sisterandaccompanyhertoCanada.Oncethere,CassydiscoversthatElizaisherlong-lostdaughterwhowassoldasachild.Nowthattheirfamilyistogetheragain,theytraveltoFranceandeventuallyLiberia,theAfricannationcreatedforformerAmericanslaves.TheretheymeetCassy'
slong-lostson.GeorgeShelbyreturnstotheKentuckyfarmandfreesallhisslaves.GeorgetellsthemtorememberTom'
ssacrificeandhisbeliefinthetruemeaningofChristianity.
BriefIntroduction
Thisbookisabouttheearlynineteenthcentury,Kentucky'
sfarmerShelby’sfailedbusiness,wasforcedtosellslavestorepaydebtswithTomandlittleHarry.GeorgeHarris,hiswifeElizaandhissonHarrywerefleeingtoNorthernCanada,twistsandturns,andfinallysafelymeteachotherandlivedatrulyfreepeople’slives.Honest,sincereUncleTomgotanewownerSt·
ClareandhisdaughterEva’slove,butunfortunatelyEvawasillanddied,andMr.ClarewaskilledwhenhewasgoingtogivefreetoUncleTom.UncleTomdiedfromabusingandbeatingbythedevilincarnateofthefarmerLegree.
5.AccordingtoHenryJames’sviewpoint,what’stheconflictbetweentheAmericanpersonalitiesandEuropeanpersonalities?
根据亨利·
詹姆斯的观点,在美国现实主义和欧洲现实主义之间有什么冲突?
HesawthatEuropeanswereoftenregardedasover-refined过度细致的,degenerate堕落的,andartificial虚伪的byAmericans,andthatAmericanswereconsiderednative土著的,vulgar粗俗的,andignorant无知的bymanyEuropeans.Themisunderstandingcausedperso
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 美国 文学 考试题 详解 笔记 整理