高中英语常用词汇辨析Word文件下载.docx
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高中英语常用词汇辨析Word文件下载.docx
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road具体的公路,马路:
street街道:
path小路,小径:
way道路,途径
11.course,subject
Course课程(可包括多门科目):
subject科目(具体的学科),如:
asummercourse
12.course,habit
custom传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接todo:
habit生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接ofdoing
13.cause,reason
cause制造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接ofsth./doingsth.:
reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接forsth./doingsth.如:
thereasonforbeinglate
14.exercise,exercises,practice
Exercise运动,锻炼(不可数):
exercises练习(可数):
practice(反复做的)练习,如:
Practicemakesperfect.
15.class,lesson
作“课”解时,两者可以替换。
指课文用lesson,指班级或全体学生用class,如:
lesson6;
class5
16.speech,talk,lecture
Speech指在公共场所所作的经过准备的较正式的演说:
talk日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话:
lecture学术性的演讲,讲课,如:
aseriesoflectureon…
17.officer,official
Officer部队的军官:
official政府官员,如:
anarmyofficer
18.work,job
二者均指工作。
Work不可数;
job可数,如:
agoodjob
19.couple,pair
Couple主要指人或动物:
pair多指由两部分组成的东西,如:
apairoftrousers
20.country,nation,state,land
Country侧重指版图,疆域:
nation指人民,国民,民族:
state侧重指政府,政体;
land国土,国家
21.cook,cooker
cook厨师:
cooker厨具,如:
Heisagoodcook.
22.damage,damages
Damage不可数名词,损害,损失;
damages复数形式,赔偿金
23.policepoliceman
police警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词:
policeman指某个具体的警察
24.problem,question
Problem常和困难练系,前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise:
question常和疑问连系,多和ask,answer连用
25.man,aman
Man人类:
aman一个男人
26.chick,chicken
二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉。
27.telegram,telegraph
当电报解时,telegram指具体的,telegraph指抽象的,如:
atelegram,bytelegraph
28.trip,journey,travel,voyage
Travel是最常用的;
trip指短期的旅途;
journey指稍长的旅途;
voyage指海上航行;
athree-daytrip
29.sport,game
Sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等;
game指决定胜负的游戏,通常由一套规则
30.price,prize
Price价格;
prize奖,奖品,奖金
31.anumberof,thenumberof
Anumberof许多,谓语动词用复数;
thenumberof指“……的数目”,谓语动词用单数。
32.infrontof,inthefrontof
Infrontof范围外的前面;
inthefrontof范围内的前面,如:
Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.
33.oftheday,ofaday
Oftheday每一天的,当时的,当代的;
ofaday暂时的,不长久的
34.threeofus,thethreeofus
Threeofus我们(不止三个)中的三个;
thethreeofus我们三个(就三个人)
35.bybus,onthebus
Bybus表手段,方式,不用冠词;
onthebus表范围
36.foramoment,forthemoment
Foramoment片刻,一会儿;
forthemoment暂时,一时
37.nextyear,thenextyear
Nextyear将来时间状语;
thenextyear过去将来时间状语
38.morethanayear,morethanoneyear
Morethanayear一年多;
morethanoneyear超过一年(两年或三年等)
39.takeadvice,takethe(one’s)advice
Takeadvice征求意见;
taketheadvice接受忠告
40.takeair,taketheair
Takeair传播,走漏;
taketheair到户外去,散步
41.inaword,inwords
Inaword总之,一句话;
inwords口头上,如:
Inaword,youareright
42.inplaceof,intheplaceof
Inplaceof代替;
intheplaceof在……地方
43.insecret,inthesecret
Insecret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般作状语;
inthesecret知道内情,知道秘密,一般用作表语
44.agirl,onegirl
Agirl可泛指所有女孩;
onegirl一个女孩
45.takeachair,takethechair
Takeachair相当于sitdown坐下;
takethechair开始开会
46.gotosea,bysea,bythesea
Gotosea当海员,出航;
bysea乘船,由海路;
bythesea在海边;
gobysea
47.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher
thedoctorandteacher指一个人,既是医生又是老师;
thedoctorandtheteacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师
48.inoffice,intheoffice
Inoffice在职的;
intheoffice在办公室里,如:
Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice
49.inbed,onthebed
Inbed卧在床上;
onthebed在床上
50.inchargeof,inthechargeof
Inchargeof管理,负责照料;
inthechargeof由……照料
51.inclass,intheclass
Inclass在上课;
intheclass在班级里
52.onfire,onthefire
Onfire着火;
onthefire在火上
53.outofquestion,outofthequestion
Outofquestion毫无疑问的;
outofthequestion不可能的
54.asecond,thesecond
Asecond又一,再一;
thesecond第二
55.byday,bytheday
Byday白天;
bytheday按天计算
56.thepeople,apeople
Thepeople指人;
apeople指民族
57.it,one
It同一物体;
one同类不同一
58.that,this
That指代上文所提到的;
this导出下文所要说的
59.none,nothing,noone
None强调有多少;
nothing,noone强调有没有,nothing指物,noone指人;
A:
howmany…/howmuch…?
B:
none
60.anyone,anyone
Anyone指人,不能接of;
anyone指人物均可,可接of,如:
anyoneofyou
61.who,which
Who指姓名或关系;
what指职业或地位,如:
Whatisyourdad?
Heisateacher.
62.what,which
what的选择基础是无限的;
which在一定范围进行选择
63.other,another
Other后接名词复数;
another后接名词单数;
otherstudent,anotherstudent
64.notalittle,notabit
Notalittle非常notabit一点也不
65.many,much,alotof
Many和可数名词连用;
much和不可数名词连用;
alotof可数、不可数均可,但不用于否定句
66.muchmore…than,manymore…than
Muchmore…than后接形容词或不可数名词;
manymore…than后接可数名词;
manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful
67.no,not
No=nota/any;
如:
nofriend=nota/anyfriend;
nowater=notanywater
68.nomorethan,notmorethan
Nomorethan相当于only,仅仅,只有;
notmorethan至多,不超过
69.majority,most
Majority只能修饰可数名词;
most可数不可数均可;
themajorityofpeople
70.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneself
Byoneself单独的,独自的;
foroneself为自己;
tooneself供自己用的
71.atall,afterall
Atall根本,全然;
afterall到底,毕竟
72.tall,high
Tall常指人或动物;
high常指物体
73.fast,quickly
Fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点;
quickly侧重于指某事完成或发生得快;
runfast,answerthequestionquickly
74.high,highly
High具体的高;
highly抽象的高,高度的;
thinkhighlyof
75.healthy,healthful
healthy健康的,健壮的;
healthful有益于健康的,如:
healthfulexercise
76.sleeping,asleep,sleepy
Sleeping正在睡觉;
asleep睡着,熟睡,只能做表语;
sleepy困的,有睡意的;
asleepingbaby,thebabyisasleep,I’msleepy
77.gold,golden
Gold指真金制品,如:
agoldring:
golden只金色的,但金鱼用goldfish
78.most,mostly
Most用于表感受的肯定句中,相当于very,当“大部分,大多数”解时是形容词或名词;
mostly大部分,是副词;
mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly…
79.just,very
just表强调时是副词,作状语;
very表强调时是形容词,用作定语;
theveryman,justtheman
80.wide,broad
Wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离;
broad侧重于幅面的宽广;
broadshoulders
81.real,true
real真的,真实的,指的是事实上存在而不是想象的;
true真的,真正的,指的是事实和实际情况相符合;
realgold,atruestory
82.respectful,respectable
respectful尊敬,有礼貌;
respectable可敬的,值得尊敬的;
berespectfultotheaged
83.outwards,outward
二者均可用作副词,表示向外,外面,outward还可用作形容词,如:
anoutwardvoyage
84.pleasant,pleased,pleasing
pleasant常用作定语;
pleased,pleasing常用作表语,pleased主语常为人,pleasing主语常为物;
anpleasanttrip,Thetripispleasing
85.understanding,understandable
understanding明白事理的,能体谅的:
understandable可理解的,能够懂的;
anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake
86.close,closely
close接近,靠近;
closely紧紧地,紧密的;
closelyconnected,standclose
87.ill,sick
Ill作表语;
sick定语、表语均可,如:
asickboy
88.good,well
Good形容词;
well副词,但指身体状况是形容词,如:
Heiswellagain
89.quiet,silent,still
quiet安静的,可以发出小的声音;
silent不发出声,但可以动;
still完全不动,完全无声响
90.hard,hardly
Hard努力;
hardly几乎不
91.able,capable
Able与不定式todo连用;
capable与of连用
92.almost,nearly
而致君为“几乎,差不多”,和否定词连用时用almost,如:
almostnobody
93.late,lately
late迟,晚;
lately最近,近来,如:
Ihaven’tseenhimlately
94.living,alive,live,lively
living,alive,live均为活着的;
living定表均可;
alive定表均可,定语后置;
live只能做定语;
lively意为活泼的;
allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive
95.excited,exciting
Excited使人兴奋的;
exciting令人兴奋的;
I’mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.
96.deep,deeply
Deep具体的深;
deeply抽象的深,深深地;
deeplymoved,digdeep
97.aloud,loud
Aloud出声地;
loud大声地;
readloud
98.worth,worthy
二者均为值得,worth后接doing;
worthy后接tobedone,ofbedone;
Itisworthvisiting=It’sworthytobevisited=It’sworthyofbeingvisited
99.bad,badly
Bad形容词,如:
gobad;
badly副词,不好,但与need,want,require连用为“很,非常”,如:
Ineedthebookbadly.
100.beforelong,longbefore
Beforelong不久以后;
longbefore很久以前;
notlongbefore=beforelong
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