四六级段落写作的原则及常用句型Word格式文档下载.docx
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四六级段落写作的原则及常用句型Word格式文档下载.docx
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一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!
•Tobeginwith,youmustworkhardatyourlessonsandbefullypreparedbeforetheexam(主题句).
•Withoutsufficientpreparation,youcanhardlyexpecttoanswerallthequestionscorrectly.
三)一二三原则(强烈推荐)
•1)tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally
•2)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally
•3)firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast(强烈推荐)
•4)mostimportantofall,moreover,finally
•5)ontheonehand,ontheotherhand(适用于两点的情况)
•6)foronething,foranotherthing(适用于两点的情况)
四)短语优先原则。
•使用短语,有两个好处:
•其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。
相反,如果发现亮点-精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。
•其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?
用短语是一个办法!
比如:
Icannotbearit.可以用短语表达:
Icannotputupwithit.Iwantit.可以用短语表达:
Iamlookingforwardtoit.这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。
五)多实少虚原则。
多用实词,少用虚词。
•虚词就是指那些比较大的词。
比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous,humorous,interesting,smart,gentle,warm-hearted,hospital之类的形象词。
•再比如:
走出房间,general的词是:
walkoutoftheroom但是小偷走出房间应该说:
slipoutoftheroom小姐走出房间应该说:
sailoutoftheroom小孩走出房间应该说:
danceoutoftheroom老人走出房间应该说:
staggeroutoftheroom
•所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!
六)多变句式原则。
1)加法(串联)
•都希望写下很长的句子,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是在任何句子之间加and,但最好是前后的句子有先后关系或者并列关系。
比如说:
•Itisnecessarythateffectiveactionsshouldbetakentoprotectourcampusfromwasteandpollution,andtheseactivitiesaretoplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.
•如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:
Myparentsarenotonlymyfirstteachers,butalsomybestfriends.
•其它的短语可以用:
besides,furthermore,likewise,moreover
2)转折(拐弯抹角)
•Anumberoffactorscouldaccountfortheproblem,butthefollowingarethemostcriticalones.
•Someparentsbelievethatthisislove,however,itisonlytodestroychildren’sindependencethoroughly.
•更多的短语:
despitethat,still,however,nevertheless,inspiteof,despite,notwithstanding
3)因果(so,so,so)
•Thesnowbegantofall,sowewenthome.
•更多短语:
then,therefore,consequently,accordingly,hence,asaresult,forthisreason,sothat
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)
•有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。
文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。
•其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。
举例:
ThisiswhatIcando.Whetherhecangowithusornotisnotsure.
•同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:
Whentogo
Whyhegoesaway……
5)附加(多此一举)
•那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。
•Themanwhomyoumetyesterdayisafriendofmine.
•Idon'
tenjoythatbookyouarereading.
•Mrliu,ouroralEnglishteacher,iseasy-going.
•其实很简单,同位语——要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;
定语从句-借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whomorthat关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
•6)排比(排山倒海句)
•文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么引用一个个的排比句,一个个对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个的词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!
•Whetheryourtastesaremodernortraditional,sophisticatedorsimple,thereisplentyinLondonforyou.
七)挑战极限原则
既然是挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!
原理:
在文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。
•Theweatherbeingfine,alargenumberofpeoplewenttoclimbtheWesternHills.
•Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent,itssizebeingaboutthreetimesthatofChina.
解决问题类作文结构:
Inrecentdays,wehavetofaceaproblem-----A,whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.--------(说明A的现状).
ConfrontedwithA,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronething,---------------(解决方法一).Foranother-------------(解决方法二).Finally,--------------(解决方法三).
Personally,Ibelievethat-------------(我的解决方法).Consequently,I’mconfidentthatabrightfutureisawaitingusbecause--------------(带来的好处).
•2010年12月的作文主题(HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentobeIndependent)非常贴近考生的生活,给了考生很大的发挥空间,擅长写日常生活细节的学生可以写上三五个句子勾勒父母对于子女的过度关爱,而擅长逻辑思考的学生则可以更多地阐述父母怎样的行为才可以培养子女独立的品格,而过度宠爱正导致了独立精神的消失。
从具体操作的角度来说,对于基础较为薄弱的考生,这个题目是比较容易套用模板的,第一段,把现实状况描述清楚;
第二段,写清楚父母亲帮助子女独立的策略;
第三段,呼吁父母亲多给自己一些自由。
怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)
•HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentobeIndependent
Nowadays,thereisagrowingconcernoversuchaphenomenon,thatis,someparentstakecareofalmosteverythingconcernedwiththeirchildren,includingstudy,work,marriage.Someparentsbelievethatthisislove,however,itisonlytodestroychildren’sindependencethoroughly.
Forthefutureofthenextgeneration,moreeffortsshouldbemadebyparentstohelptheirchildrentobeindependent.Thefundamentaloneistocultivatetheawareness,namely,theimportanceandnecessityofbeingindependent,whichissupposedtobeginfromchildhood.Childrenshouldbetaughtthatnoonecanbestrongerandmorehelpfulthanthemselvesinthisworld.
Thequalityofindependenceissoindispensableforusthatparentshadbetteractasatutor,notadictator.Andonlywithparents’trust,canthenextgenerationaccumulateconfidencestepbystep.
•HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentobeIndependent
Nowadays,thereisagrowingconcernoversuchaphenomenon,thatis,someparentstakecareofalmosteverythingconcernedwiththeirchildren,includingstudy,work,marriage.Someparentsbelievethatthisislove,however,itisonlytodestroychildren’sindependencethoroughly.
Forthefutureofthenextgeneration,moreeffortsshouldbemadebyparentstohelptheirchildrentobeindependent.Thefundamentaloneistocultivatetheawareness,namely,theimportanceandnecessityofbeingindependent,whichissupposedtobeginfromchildhood.Childrenshouldbetaughtthatnoonecanbestrongerandmorehelpfulthanthemselvesinthisworld.
Thequalityofindependenceissoindispensableforusthatparentshadbetteractasatutor,notadictator.Andonlywithparents’trust,canthenextgenerationaccumulateconfidencestepbystep.
常用句型
•1.用于文章的开头的句型
•2.用于文章的结尾的句型
•3.用于比较性和驳斥性议论文的句型
•4.用于解释性和阐述性议论文的句型
•5.用于论证和说明的句型
1.用于文章的开头的句型
•Facedwith…,quiteafewpeoplearguethat…,butotherpeopleconceivedifferently.
•Withthedevelopmentof…,vastchangesawaitthiscountry’ssociety.
•Thereisageneraldiscussiontodayabouttheissueof….Thosewhoobjectto…arguethat….Theybelievethat….Butpeoplewhofavor…,ontheotherhand,arguethat…
•Currentlythereisawidespreadconcernthat…
•Nowpeopleingrowingnumberarecomingtorealizethat…
•Nowitiscommonlyheldthat…,theythink….ButIdoubtwhether…
•Inthepast6yearstherehasbeen…
•Recentlytheissueof…hasbeenbroughttopublicattention
•NeverinChinesehistoryhastheideathat…beenmorepopularthan…
•Oneofthegreatmenoncesaidthat….Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharethisbelief
2.用于文章的结尾的句型
•Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove/Takingthesefactorsintoaccount,wemaysafelyarriveat/draw/cometo/reachtheconclusionthat…
•Itishightimethatweputconsiderable/great/specialemphasison…
•Wemustlookforanimmediatemethod,becausethepresentsituationof…,ifpermittedtocontinue,willsureleadto/resultin…
•Manysolutions/methodsarebeingofferedhere,allofthemmakesomesense,butnoneisquitesatisfactory.Theproblemshouldbeexaminedinanewway.
•Thereisnoimmediatesolutiontotheproblemof…,but…mightbehelpful/beneficial.
•Noeasymethodcanbeahandtosolvetheproblemof…,butthegeneralawarenessofthenecessity/importanceof…mightbethefirststepontherightway.
•Thereislittledoubt/denyingthat…
•Itis,therefore,obvious/evidentthatthetaskof…requireimmediateattention.
•Asfaras…beconcerned,Ibelieve/thinkthat…
•Inconclusion,…
3.用于比较性和驳斥性议论文的句型
•TheadvantagesofAaremuchgreaterthanB.
•WonderfulasAis,however,ithasitsowndisadvantagestoo.
•AlthoughAenjoysconsiderableadvantageover…,itcannotcompetewithBin…
•Althougheveryonebelievesthat…,Iwonderwhethertheargumentbearsmuchanalysis.
•Contrarytowidelyacceptedviews,Ibelieve…
•Althoughitiscommonlyheldthat…,itisunlikelytobetruethat…
•Itistruethat…,butitdoesn’tfollowthat…
•Itwouldbereasonabletotaketheviewthat…,butitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthat…
•Thereisinfactnoreasonforustobelievethat…
•Inallthediscussionanddebateover…,oneimportantfactisgenerallyoverlooked.
4.用于解释性和阐述性议论文的句型
•Amongthemostconvincingreasonsgivenbypeoplefor…,oneshouldbementioned…
•Onemaythinkofthetrendasaresultof…
•Thechangein…largelyresultsfromthefactthat…
•Thereareseveralcausesforthissignificantgrowthin….First…,Second…,Finally…
•Anumberoffactorscouldaccountforthedevelopmentin…
•Whyare/do…?
Foronething,…Foranother,….Andtheprimaryreasonis…
•Bischieflyresponsiblefor…
•Thereasonsfor…arecomplicated.Andprobablytheyarefoundinthefact…
•Wemaylookintoeverypossiblereasonexcepttherealone
•Itisnosimpletasktogivethereasonforthiscomplicatedphenomenonwhichinvolvesmanyfactors.
5.用于论证和说明的句型
•Wemaycite/quote/takeasingle/commonexampletoillustrate…
•Oursocietyaboundswiththeexamplesof…
•Arecentstudyindicates/suggests/showsthat…
•Accordingtothestatisticsprovidedby…,itcanbeseenthat…
•Thereisgoodsufficientevidencetoshowthat…
•Thisbringsout/setforththeimportantfactthat…
•Noonecanignore/overlookthefactthat…
•Icanthinkofnobetterillustratio
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