上海高三英语教师辅导讲义 主语宾语从句+十一选十+完形Word文档下载推荐.docx
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上海高三英语教师辅导讲义 主语宾语从句+十一选十+完形Word文档下载推荐.docx
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主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
1.It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。
而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。
被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。
例如:
Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.
Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.
Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.
ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.
2.用it作形式主语的结构
(1)Itis+名词+从句
Itisafactthat…事实是…
Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸
Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识
(2)Itis+形容词+从句
Itisnaturalthat…很自然…
Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…
(3)Itis+不及物动词+从句
Itseemsthat…似乎…
Ithappenedthat…碰巧…
Itappearsthat…似乎…
(4)It+过去分词+从句
Itisreportedthat…据报道…
Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…
Itissaidthat…据说…
3.what与that在引导主语从句时的区别
what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that则不然。
1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.
2)Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation.
Itisaconsolationthatsheisstillalive.
练习:
1._____
as
much
one-fifth
of
all
timber
harvested
is
not
used.
A.
The
estimate
B.
estimated
C.
They
are
D.
It
that
2.
_____
some
mammalscame
to
live
in
the
sea
known.
Which
Since
C.
Although
D.
How
3.
we
have
achieved
attributed
guidance
our
parents.
Whoever
Whatever
However
That
4.
wealthy
does
necessarily
mean
that
a
man
greedy.
For
reason
he
B.
Just
because
being
5.
___
happened
this
developed
country
sounds
like
science
fiction,it
could
occur
elsewhere
world.
which
what
how
it
6.
she
had
forgotten
take
her
notebook.
occurred
She
To
7.
I
am
sure
said
wrong.
what
8.
We
lost
way
forest,
and
____
made
matters
worse
was
it
getting
dark.
9.
or
still
uncertain.
He’s
coming
If
Whether
he’s
coming
10.
spoonful
soil
can
tell
us
so
about
structure
early
historyof
moon.
Remarkable
Quite
remarkably
remarkable
fact
答案:
DDBDBDDDDC
宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。
1.作动词的宾语
(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略),例如:
Iheardthatbejoinedthearmy.
(2)由what,whether(if)引导的宾语从句,例如:
Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.
Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.
(3)动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。
Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.
2.作介词的宾语,例如:
Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.
3.作形容词的宾语,例如:
Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.
注意:
that引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语:
anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等。
也可以将此类词后的that从句的看作原因状语从句。
4.it可以作为形式宾语
it不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。
例如:
Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.
5.后边不能直接跟that从句的动词
这类动词有allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,condemn,celebrate,dislike,love,help,take,forgive等。
这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。
如:
Iadmiretheirwinningthematch.
Iadmirethattheywonthematch.
6.不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中,常见的有envy,order,accuse,refuse,impress,forgive,blame,denounce,advise,congratulate等。
Heimpressedthemanagerasanhonestman.
Heimpressedthemanagerthathewasanhonestman.
7.否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。
Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
1.Iwonder_______.
A.whetherornotI’llcatchthelastbus
B.ifornotI’llcatchthelastbus
C.thatI’llcatchthelastbusornot
D.thatI’llcatchthelastbus
2.Weallthought______apitythatwehadmissedthelesson.
A.soB.suchC.itD.that
3.Itook______forgrantedthattheywerenotcoming.
A.thatB.thisC.itD.so
4.Iheard______saidthathehadgreatconcernforhisclassmates.
A.andB.thatC.wasD.it
5.IwishI______tothefootballmatchlastnight.
A.wentB.goC.shouldgoD.hadgone
ACCDD
徐汇
Directions:
Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.revolutionized
B.tricky
C.available
D.destinations
E.competitive
F.territory
G.standard
H.processed
I.appealing
J.delivery
EveryonewhoknowsOliviaGriffithsisimpressedbyheruniquesenseofstyle.Whenevershewalksintoaroom,headsturn.HerfriendswonderhowshemanagedtogetthenewMulberryhandbagthatnoonehadthoughtwas41inAustraliayet.
ThetruthisthatOliviahasneverleftAustralia.Butwithafewclicksofhercomputermouse,shecantraveltoshopping42aroundtheworld.Onlineshoppinghas43theconsumerexperience.Withthehelpofanincreasingnumberofonlineshopsoverseas,shopperscannowpickupinterestinggoodsfromallovertheworld.
Thebiggestadvantageofshoppingonforeignwebsitesisthewiderangeofchoicesavailable.Forexample,ChineseshoppersareoftendisappointedwhenGapproductsarenotavailablelocally.Butnowit’spossibletoordertheseproductsstraightfromtheUSwithacreditcardandasmall44fee.Otherbenefitsofonlineshoppinginclude45prices.Whenitemsareboughtonlinefromothercountries,they’reoftentax-free.
However,whenyoubuythingsfromaforeignwebsite,thingscanget46too.Somakesureyoupayextraattentiontoprotectingyourrights.
Sometimesitcanbedifficulttohandleforeignwebsitesbecauseoftheunfamiliarlanguage.Forexample,theterm“shippedin1-5workingdays”canbeconfusingforChineseshoppers,asitdoesn’tclarifywhetherthisisthetimeinwhichtheproductwillarriveorthetimeittakesforittobe47.
Themethodofshippingcanalsodeterminewhetheryougetyourproductatall.Unlessyouchooseexpressorpriorityshipping,whichonlytakesafewdaystodeliverbutismoreexpensive,most48internationalshippingdoesn’tofferatrackingoption―whichmeansonceyourproductsareshippedoutsideofthecountrythere’snowayoffindingoutwheretheyare.
Thebestconsumersarethemostsensibleones.Ifyou’reinterestedinexpandingyourshopping49toforeignwebsites,makesureyoudoyourresearchbeforehandtoavoidyourmoneyandproductsbeinglostontheway.
41.C42.D43.A44.J45.E46.B47.H48.G49.F
崇明:
A.emphasize
B.shifts
C.involves
D.commits
E.findings
F.campaign
G.biological
H.increase
I.brief
J.dangers
崇明41-49:
GBAJHIFDE
PassageThree【长宁】
III.ReadingComprehension
SectionA
ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Allovertheworld,peopleadmirethebeautyandgraceofbutterflies.Butterfliescomeineverycolorimaginable,andtheir_50___displayanincrediblevarietyofpatterns.Thelargestbutterfly,QueenAlexandra’sBirdwing,hasawingspan(翼展)ofupto280millimetersandlivesinPapuaNewGuinea.Thesmallest,theWesternPygmyBlueinthesouthernU.S.,hasawingspanofonly12millimeters.Sadly,someofthesebeautifulcreaturesarenow_51___.
Estimatesindicatethatbetween15and20thousandspeciesofbutterfliesexistaroundtheworld.Anumberofthesespeciesareendangered,over20inJapan_52___.Althoughthatnumbermayseemsmall,losingevenonespecieswouldbe_53__.Nowadaysscientistsevenlooktobutterfliesasa_54___oftheenvironment’shealth,sincetheyare_55__toenvironmentalchanges.Manyenvironmentalistsaroundtheworldareeagertoprotecttheendangeredbutterfliesfromextinction.TheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistoryinNewYork,forexample,hasanunusualbutterflyexhibit.Thisexhibit_56__theimportantrolethatbutterfliesplayinourenvironment.
Inrecentyears,environmentalgroupshavemadesignificantprogressin_57___endangeredbutterflypopulations.GovernmentsthroughoutAsiahavepassedlawstohelpprotectendangeredwildlife,includingbutterflies.AnareacalledButterflyValleyinAssam,India,hasbecomethefocusofconscious_58___toprotectthebutterflies’habitat(栖息地).OtherprojectsinSerbia,Japan,andCanadaarealsohopingto_59___.Someoftheseeffortsarealreadystartingtowork.ThepopulationoftheElSegundoBlueButterflyinCalifornia,forinstance,hasincreasedby8percentsince2010.
Findingacureforthebutterflycrisisis,_60___,notjustforenvironmentalgroups._61___citizenscanplantbutterflygardenstosupportandenjoythesegentlecreatures.AgroupoffemaleprisonersinBelfair,Washington,arehelpingtorescueanendangeredspeciescalledTaylor’sCheckerspot.
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