Selected Work of LuxunWord下载.docx
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Selected Work of LuxunWord下载.docx
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andGladysYang
PublishedbyForeignLanguagesPress,Peking,1960,1972
PrintedinthePeople'
sRepublicofChina
Contents
1.[Notefromdustjacket]
2.Prefaceto"
CalltoArms"
[1922]
3.AMadman'
sDiary
4.KungI-chi
5.Medicine
6.Tomorrow
7.AnIncident
8.StorminaTeacup
9.MyOldHome
10.TheTrueStoryofAhQ
11.VillageOpera
12.TheNewYear'
sSacrifice
13.IntheWineShop
14.AHappyFamily
15.Soap
16.TheMisanthrope
17.RegretforthePast
18.TheDivorce
19.TheFlighttotheMoon
20.ForgingtheSwords
LUHSUN(1881-1936),chiefcommanderofChina'
smodernculturalrevolution,wasnotonlyagreatthinkerandpoliticalcommentatorbutthefounderofmodernChineseliterature.AsearlyasintheMay1918issueofthemagazineNewYouth,LuHsunpublishedoneofhisbeststories,AMadman'
sDiary.Thiswashis"
declarationofwar"
againstChina'
sfeudalsociety,andthefirstshortstoryinthehistoryofmodernChineseliterature.ThereafterhefollowedupwithasuccessionofstoriessuchasTheTrueStoryofAhQandTheNewYear'
sSacrifice,whichcutthroughandsharplyattackedstarkrealityinthedarkoldsociety.ThesestorieswerelaterincludedinthethreevolumesCalltoArms,WanderingandOldTalesRetold,andhavebecometreasuresintheChinesepeople'
sliteraryheritage.
InhisearlylifeLuHsunwasarevolutionarydemocrat,wholatermaturedintoacommunist.Hisearlierworksweremainlystories,18ofthemoreimportantofwhich,plustheprefacetoCalltoArms,hisfirstshortstorycollection,havebeenselectedforthisvolume.Thestoriesshowclearlyhismethodinthisperiodofcreativewriting,thoroughgoingcriticalrealism,amethodcloselyrelatedtotheoutrightanti-imperialistandanti-feudalviewswhichheformedinhisearlydays.
InhisprefacetoCalltoArms,theauthortellshismotiveinchoosingliteratureasaweaponofstruggle.ThiswillgivereadersadeeperunderstandingofLuHsun'
sstories.
Prefaceto:
CalltoArms
TOTHEFIRSTCOLLECTIONOFSHORTSTORIES,"
CALLTOARMS"
WhenIwasyoungI,too,hadmanydreams.Mostofthemcametobeforgotten,butIseenothinginthistoregret.Foralthoughrecallingthepastmaymakeyouhappy,itmaysometimesalsomakeyoulonely,andthereisnopointinclinginginspirittolonelybygonedays.However,mytroubleisthatIcannotforgetcompletely,andthesestorieshaveresultedfromwhatIhavebeenunabletoerasefrommymemory.
FormorethanfouryearsIusedtogo,almostdaily,toapawnbroker'
sandtoamedicineshop.IcannotrememberhowoldIwasthen;
butthecounterinthemedicineshopwasthesameheightasI,andthatinthepawnbroker'
stwicemyheight.Iusedtohandclothesandtrinketsuptothecountertwicemyheight,takethemoneyprofferedwithcontempt,thengotothecounterthesameheightasItobuymedicineformyfatherwhohadlongbeenill.OnmyreturnhomeIhadotherthingstokeepmebusy,forsincethephysicianwhomadeouttheprescriptionswasverywell-known,heusedunusualdrugs:
aloerootdugupinwinter,sugar-canethathadbeenthreeyearsexposedtofrost,twincrickets,andardisia...allofwhichweredifficulttoprocure.Butmyfather'
sillnesswentfrombadtoworseuntilhedied.
Ibelievethosewhosinkfromprosperitytopovertywillprobablycome,intheprocess,tounderstandwhattheworldisreallylike.IwantedtogototheK----schoolinN----perhapsbecauseIwasinsearchofachangeofsceneandfaces.Therewasnothingformymothertodobuttoraiseeightdollarsformytravellingexpenses,andsayImightdoasIpleased.Thatshecriedwasonlynatural,foratthattimetheproperthingwastostudytheclassicsandtaketheofficialexaminations.Anyonewhostudied"
foreignsubjects"
waslookeddownuponasafellowgoodfornothing,who,outofdesperation,wasforcedtosellhissoultoforeigndevils.
Besides,shewassorrytopartwithme.Butinspiteofthat,IwenttoN----andenteredtheK----school;
anditwastherethatIheardforthefirsttimethenamesofsuchsubjectsasnaturalscience,arithmetic,geography,history,drawingandphysicaltraining.Theyhadnophysiologycourse,butwesawwoodblockeditionsofsuchworksasANewCourseontheHumanBodyandEssaysonChemistryandHygiene.RecallingthetalkandprescriptionsofphysiciansIhadknownandcomparingthemwithwhatInowknew,Icametotheconclusionthosephysiciansmustbeeitherunwittingordeliberatecharlatans;
andIbegantosympathizewiththeinvalidsandfamilieswhosufferedattheirhands.FromtranslatedhistoriesIalsolearnedthattheJapaneseReformationhadoriginated,toagreatextent,withtheintroductionofWesternmedicalsciencetoJapan.
TheseinklingstookmetoaprovincialmedicalcollegeinJapan.IdreamedabeautifuldreamthatonmyreturntoChinaIwouldcurepatientslikemyfather,whohadbeenwronglytreated,whileifwarbrokeoutIwouldserveasanarmydoctor,atthesametimestrengtheningmycountrymen'
sfaithinreformation.
Idonotknowwhatadvancedmethodsarenowusedtoreachmicrobiology,butatthattimelanternslideswereusedtoshowthemicrobes;
andifthelectureendedearly,theinstructormightshowslidesofnaturalsceneryornewstofillupthetime.ThiswasduringtheRusso-JapaneseWar,sothereweremanywarfilms,andIhadtojoinintheclappingandcheeringinthelecturehallalongwiththeotherstudents.ItwasalongtimesinceIhadseenanycompatriots,butonedayIsawafilmshowingsomeChinese,oneofwhomwasbound,whilemanyothersstoodaroundhim.Theywereallstrongfellowsbutappearedcompletelyapathetic.Accordingtothecommentary,theonewithhishandsboundwasaspyworkingfortheRussians,whowastohavehisheadcutoffbytheJapanesemilitaryasawarningtoothers,whiletheChinesebesidehimhadcometoenjoythespectacle.
BeforethetermwasoverIhadleftforTokyo,becauseafterthisfilmIfeltthatmedicalsciencewasnotsoimportantafterall.Thepeopleofaweakandbackwardcountry,howeverstrongandhealthytheymaybe,canonlyservetobemadeexamplesof,ortowitnesssuchfutilespectacles;
anditdoesn'
treallymatterhowmanyofthemdieofillness.Themostimportantthing,therefore,wastochangetheirspirit,andsinceatthattimeIfeltthatliteraturewasthebestmeanstothisend,Ideterminedtopromotealiterarymovement.ThereweremanyChinesestudentsinTokyostudyinglaw,politicalscience,physicsandchemistry,evenpoliceworkandengineering,butnotonestudyingliteratureorart.However,eveninthisuncongenialatmosphereIwasfortunateenoughtofindsomekindredspirits.Wegatheredthefewothersweneeded,andafterdiscussionourfirststep,ofcourse,wastopublishamagazine,thetitleofwhichdenotedthatthiswasanewbirth.Aswewerethenratherclassicallyinclined,wecalleditXinSheng(NewLife).
Whenthetimeforpublicationdrewnear,someofourcontributorsdroppedout,andthenourfundswerewithdrawn,untilfinallytherewereonlythreeofusleft,andwewerepenniless.Sincewehadstartedourmagazineatanunluckyhour,therewasnaturallynoonetowhomwecouldcomplainwhenwefailed;
butlaterevenwethreeweredestinedtopart,andourdiscussionsofadreamfuturehadtocease.SoendedthisabortiveNewLife.
OnlylaterdidIfeelthefutilityofitall;
atthattimeIdidnotreallyunderstandanything.LaterIfeltifaman'
sproposalsmetwithapproval,itshouldencouragehim;
iftheymetwithopposition,itshouldmakehimfightback;
buttherealtragedyforhimwastoliftuphisvoiceamongthelivingandmeetwithnoresponse,neitherapprovalnoropposition,justasifhewerelefthelplessinaboundlessdesert.SoIbegantofeellonely.
Andthisfeelingoflonelinessgrewdaybyday,coilingaboutmysoullikeahugepoisonoussnake.Yetinspiteofmyunaccountablesadness,Ifeltnoindignation;
forthisexperiencehadmademereflectandseethatIwasdefinitelynottheheroictypewhocouldrallymultitudesathiscall.
However,mylonelinesshadtobedispelled,foritwascausingmeagony.SoIusedvariousmeanstodullmysenses,bothbyconformingtothespiritofthetimeandturningtothepast.LaterIexperiencedorwitnessedevengreaterlonelinessandsadness,whichIdonotliketorecall,preferringthatitshouldperishwithme.Stillmyattempttodeadenmysenseswasnotunsuccessful--Ihadlosttheenthusiasmandfervourofmyyouth.
InS----Hosteltherewerethreeroomswhereitwassaidawomanhadlivedwhohangedherselfonthelocusttreeinthecourtyard.Althoughthetreehadgrownsotallthatitsbranchescouldnolongerbereached,theroomsremaineddeserted.ForsomeyearsIstayedhere,copyingancientinscriptions.Ihadfewvisitors,therewerenopoliticalproblemsorissuesinthoseinscriptions,andmyonlydesirewasthatmylifeshouldslipquietlyawaylikethis.Onsummernights,whenthereweretoomanymosquitoes,Iwouldsitunderthelocusttree,wavingmyfanandlookingatthespecksofskythroughthethickleaves,whilethecaterpillarswhichcameoutintheeveningwouldfall,icy-cold,ontomyneck.
TheonlyvisitortocomeforanoccasionaltalkwasmyoldfriendChinHsin-yi.Hewouldputhisbigportfoliodownonthebrokentable,takeoffhislonggown,andsitfacingme,lookingasifhisheartwasstillbeatingfastafterbravingthedogs.
"
Whatistheuseofcopyingthese?
hedemandedinquisi
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