美国历史上最经典演讲Stokely CarmichaelWord文件下载.docx
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美国历史上最经典演讲Stokely CarmichaelWord文件下载.docx
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causeIwasn'
tbornintheUnitedStates.That'
stheonlythingholdingmeback.
Wewantedtosaythatthisisastudentconference,asitshouldbe,heldonacampus,andthatwe'
renotevertobecaughtupintheintellectualmasturbationofthequestionofBlackPower.That¡
safunctionofpeoplewhoareadvertisersthatcallthemselvesreporters.Oh,formymembersandfriendsofthepress,myself-appointedwhitecritics,IwasreadingMr.BernardShawtwodaysago,andIcameacrossaveryimportantquotewhichIthinkismostaproposforyou.Hesays,"
Allcriticismisa[n]autobiography."
Digyourself.Okay.
ThephilosophersCamusandSartreraisethequestionwhetherornotamancancondemnhimself.Theblackexistentialistphilosopherwhoispragmatic,FrantzFanon,answeredthequestion.Hesaidthatmancouldnot.CamusandSartrewasnot.WeinSNCCtendtoagreewithCamusandSartre,thatamancannotcondemnhimself.1Werehetocondemnhimself,hewouldthenhavetoinflictpunishmentuponhimself.AnexamplewouldbetheNazis.Anyprisonerwho--anyoftheNaziprisonerswhoadmitted,afterhewascaughtandincarcerated,thathecommittedcrimes,thathekilledallthemanypeoplethathekilled,hecommittedsuicide.Theonlyoneswhowereabletostayaliveweretheoneswhoneveradmittedthattheycommittedacrimes[sic]againstpeople--thatis,theoneswhorationalizedthatJewswerenothumanbeingsanddeservedtobekilled,orthattheywereonlyfollowingorders.
Onamoreimmediatescene,theofficialsandthepopulation--thewhitepopulation--inNeshobaCounty,Mississippi--that¡
swherePhiladelphiais--couldnot--couldnotcondemn[Sheriff]Rainey,hisdeputies,andtheotherfourteenmenthatkilledthreehumanbeings.TheycouldnotbecausetheyelectedMr.Raineytodopreciselywhathedid;
andthatforthemtocondemnhimwillbeforthemtocondemnthemselves.
Inamuchlargerview,SNCCsaysthatwhiteAmericacannotcondemnherself.Andsinceweareliberal,wehavedoneit:
Youstandcondemned.Now,anumberofthingsthatarisesfromthatanswerofhowdoyoucondemnyourselves.Seemstomethattheinstitutionsthatfunctioninthiscountryareclearlyracist,andthatthey'
rebuiltuponracism.Andthequestion,then,ishowcanblackpeopleinsideofthiscountrymove?
Andthenhowcanwhitepeoplewhosaythey¡
renotapartofthoseinstitutionsbegintomove?
Andhowthendowebegintoclearawaytheobstaclesthatwehaveinthissociety,thatmakeuslivelikehumanbeings?
Howcanwebegintobuildinstitutionsthatwillallowpeopletorelatewitheachotherashumanbeings?
Thiscountryhasneverdonethat,especiallyaroundthecountryofwhiteorblack.
Now,severalpeoplehavebeenupsetbecausewe¡
vesaidthatintegrationwasirrelevantwheninitiatedbyblacks,andthatinfactitwasasubterfuge,aninsidioussubterfuge,forthemaintenanceofwhitesupremacy.Nowwemaintainthatinthepastsixyearsorso,thiscountryhasbeenfeedingusa"
thalidomidedrugofintegration,"
andthatsomenegroeshavebeenwalkingdownadreamstreettalkingaboutsittingnexttowhitepeople;
andthatthatdoesnotbegintosolvetheproblem;
thatwhenwewenttoMississippiwedidnotgotositnexttoRossBarnett2;
wedidnotgotositnexttoJimClark3;
wewenttogetthemoutofourway;
andthatpeopleoughttounderstandthat;
thatwewereneverfightingfortherighttointegrate,wewerefightingagainstwhitesupremacy.
Now,then,inordertounderstandwhitesupremacywemustdismissthefallaciousnotionthatwhitepeoplecangiveanybodytheirfreedom.Nomancangiveanybodyhisfreedom.Amanisbornfree.Youmayenslaveamanafterheisbornfree,andthatisinfactwhatthiscountrydoes.Itenslavesblackpeopleafterthey¡
reborn,sothattheonlyactsthatwhitepeoplecandoistostopdenyingblackpeopletheirfreedom;
thatis,theymuststopdenyingfreedom.Theynevergiveittoanyone.
Nowwewanttotakethattoitslogicalextension,sothatwecouldunderstand,then,whatitsrelevancywouldbeintermsofnewcivilrightsbills.Imaintainthateverycivilrightsbillinthiscountrywaspassedforwhitepeople,notforblackpeople.Forexample,Iamblack.Iknowthat.IalsoknowthatwhileIamblackIamahumanbeing,andthereforeIhavetherighttogointoanypublicplace.Whitepeopledidn'
tknowthat.EverytimeItriedtogointoaplacetheystoppedme.Sosomeboyshadtowriteabilltotellthatwhiteman,"
He¡
sahumanbeing;
don¡
tstophim."
Thatbillwasforthatwhiteman,notforme.Iknewitallthetime.Iknewitallthetime.
IknewthatIcouldvoteandthatthatwasn¡
taprivilege;
itwasmyright.EverytimeItriedIwasshot,killedorjailed,beatenoreconomicallydeprived.Sosomebodyhadtowriteabillforwhitepeopletotellthem,"
Whenablackmancomestovote,don¡
tbotherhim."
Thatbill,again,wasforwhitepeople,notforblackpeople;
sothatwhenyoutalkaboutopenoccupancy,IknowIcanliveanyplaceIwanttolive.ItiswhitepeopleacrossthiscountrywhoareincapableofallowingmetolivewhereIwanttolive.Youneedacivilrightsbill,notme.IknowIcanlivewhereIwanttolive.
Sothatthefailurestopassacivilrightsbillisn¡
tbecauseofBlackPower,isn'
tbecauseoftheStudentNonviolentCoordinatingCommittee;
it'
snotbecauseoftherebellionsthatareoccurringinthemajorcities.Itisincapabilityofwhitestodealwiththeirownproblemsinsidetheirowncommunities.Thatistheproblemofthefailureofthecivilrightsbill.
Andsoinalargersensewemustthenask,Howisitthatblackpeoplemove?
Andwhatdowedo?
Butthequestioninagreatersenseis,Howcanwhitepeoplewhoarethemajority--andwhoareresponsibleformakingdemocracywork--makeitwork?
Theyhavemiserablyfailedtothispoint.Theyhavenevermadedemocracywork,beitinsidetheUnitedStates,Vietnam,SouthAfrica,Philippines,SouthAmerica,PuertoRico.WhereverAmericanhasbeen,shehasnotbeenabletomakedemocracywork;
sothatinalargersense,wenotonlycondemnthecountryforwhatit'
sdoneinternally,butwemustcondemnitforwhatitdoesexternally.Weseethiscountrytryingtoruletheworld,andsomeonemuststandupandstartarticulatingthatthiscountryisnotGod,andcannotruletheworld.
Now,then,beforewemoveonweoughttodevelopthewhitesupremacyattitudesthatwereeitherconsciousorsubconsciousthoughtandhowtheyrunrampantthroughthesocietytoday.Forexample,themissionariesweresenttoAfrica.Theywentwiththeattitudethatblackswereautomaticallyinferior.Asamatteroffact,thefirstactthemissionariesdid,youknow,whentheygottoAfricawastomakeuscoverupourbodies,becausetheysaiditgotthemexcited.Wecouldn¡
tgobare-breastedanymorebecausetheygotexcited.
Nowwhenthemissionariescametocivilizeusbecausewewereuncivilized,educateusbecausewewereuneducated,andgiveussome--someliteratestudiesbecausewewereilliterate,theychargedaprice.ThemissionariescamewiththeBible,andwehadtheland.Whentheyleft,theyhadtheland,andwestillhavetheBible.AndthathasbeentherationalizationforWesterncivilizationasitmovesacrosstheworldandstealingandplunderingandrapingeverybodyinitspath.Theironerationalizationisthattherestoftheworldisuncivilizedandtheyareinfactcivilized.Andtheyareun-civil-ized.
Andthatrunsontoday,yousee,becausewhatwehavetodayiswehavewhatwecall"
modern-dayPeaceCorpsmissionaries,"
andtheycomeintoourghettosandtheyHeadStart,UpwardLift,Bootstrap,andUpwardBoundusintowhitesociety,'
causetheydon¡
twanttofacetherealproblemwhichisamanispoorforonereasonandonereasononly:
'
causehedoesnothavemoney--period.Ifyouwanttogetridofpoverty,yougivepeoplemoney--period.
Andyououghtnottotellmeaboutpeoplewhodon¡
twork,andyoucan¡
tgivepeoplemoneywithoutworking,'
causeifthatweretrue,you¡
dhavetostartstoppingRockefeller,BobbyKennedy,LyndonBainesJohnson,LadyBirdJohnson,thewholeofStandardOil,theGulfCorp,allofthem,includingprobablyalargenumberoftheBoardofTrusteesofthisuniversity.Sothequestion,then,clearly,isnotwhetherornotonecanwork;
it¡
sWhohaspower?
Whohaspowertomakehisorheractslegitimate?
Thatisall.Andthatthiscountry,thatpowerisinvestedinthehandsofwhitepeople,andtheymaketheiractslegitimate.Itisnow,therefore,forblackpeopletomakeouractslegitimate.
Nowwearenowengagedinapsychologicalstruggleinthiscountry,andthatiswhetherornotblackpeoplewillhavetherighttousethewordstheywanttousewithoutwhitepeoplegivingtheirsanctiontoit;
andthatwemaintain,whethertheylikeitornot,wegonnausetheword"
BlackPower"
--andletthemaddressthemselvestothat;
butthatwearenotgoingtowaitforwhitepeopletosanctionBlackPower.We¡
retiredwaiting;
everytimeblackpeoplemoveinthiscountry,they¡
reforcedtodefendtheirpositionbeforetheymove.It¡
stimethatthepeoplewhoaresupposedtobe
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