高中英语被动语态.docx
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高中英语被动语态.docx
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高中英语被动语态
Introduction(被动语态)
Handout
(1)
Ⅰ.Multiplechoice.
1.Thesebuildings____paintedthistimelastyear.
A.wereB.beingC.havebeenD.werebeing
2.When____thecomposition____in?
A.must,behandedB.should,handedC.must,handD.does,handed
3.Thesuit____over$100.Itwill_____atleast5years.
A.costs,lastB.iscost,islastedC.costs,islastedD.iscosted,last
4.ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwhere____yet.
A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.haven’tdecided
C.isn’tbeingdecidedD.aren’tdecided
5.Theboywho____cheatingintheexam_____bytheheadteacher.
A.hascaught,willbepunishedB.wascaught,willbepunished
C.caught,istobepunishedD.wascaught,werepunished
6.Greatchanges_____takenplaceinthecity,andalotoffactories_______.
A.havebeen,havebeensetupB.have,havebeensetup
C.has,havesetupD.were,weresetup
Ⅱ.Cloze
1.Anewlibrary________________(build)inourcitynow.
2.Weshall_______________(ask)toattendthemeeting.
3.Hehasworkedinthefactorysinceit___________(build)10yearsago.
4.Sofar,manyman-madesatellites______________(send)upintospace.
5.Thedecisionhastobe___________(make).
6.Sheepare___________(keep)byfarmersfor__________(produce)woolandmutton.
7.Outerspace________(notexplore)bypeoplebefore1957.
8.Computerscience________________(teach)nowalmostinalluniversitiesandinstitutes.
9.Thefirstrailwayintheworld______________(design)inthelastcentury.
10.Fiveunitsofthistextbook________________(study)bytheendoflastmonth.
11.Idon'tlike________________________(laughat)inpublic.
12.Doyouhavealetterto____________________(post)?
13.Visitors_____________________(request)nottotouchtheexhibits.
14.Themeetingisto______________________(putoff)tillFriday.
Presentation(被动语态)
一、被动语态的用法:
1.一般现在时的被动语态构成:
is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词
Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.
Iamaskedtostudyhard.
Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成:
was/were+及物动词的过去分词
Anewshopwasbuiltlastyear.
Dinosaureggswerelaidlonglongago.
3.现在完成时的被动语态构成:
has/have+been+及物动词的过去分词
Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.
Manyman-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成:
will+be+及物动词的过去分词
Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.
Manymoretreeswillbeplantednextyear.
5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成:
情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词
Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.
Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.
Thedoormaybelockedinside.
Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.
6.现在进行时的被动语态构成:
am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词
UncleWangismendingmybikenow.→
MybikeisbeingrepairedbyUncleWangnow.
Theyareplantingtreesoverthere.→
Treesarebeingplantedovertherebythem.
7.不定式的被动语态:
to+be+及物动词的过去分词
Therearetwobookstoberead.→
Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.
2、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?
把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单,可以遵循以下几个步骤:
1.先找出谓语动词;
2.再找出谓语动词后的宾语;
3.把宾语用作被动语态中的主语;
4.注意人称、时态和数的变化。
例:
1.Brucewritesalettereveryweek.→AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.
2.LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning.→ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning.
3.Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar.→Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar.
4.Theywillplanttentreestomorrow.→Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.
5.Lucyiswritingaletternow.→AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow.
6.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.→thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave.
3、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题:
1.不及物动词无被动语态。
Whatwillhappenin100years?
Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.
2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
Thispenwriteswell.
Thisnewbooksellswell.
3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to,但变为被动语态时,须加上to。
例:
makesomebodydosomething→somebody+be+madetodosomething
seesomebodydosomething→somebody+be+seentodosomething
Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.→Mywalletwasseentodrop
byagirlwhenshepassedby.
Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.→Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavywork
bytheboss.
4.如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定,或是间接宾语加被动语态再加只接宾语。
Hegavemeabook.→Abookwasgiventomebyhim.或是Iwasgivenabookbyhim.
Heshowedmeaticket.→Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.或是Iwasshownaticketbyhim.
Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.或是Iwasboughtanewbikebymyfather.
5.一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
Wecan’tlaughhim.→Hecan’tbelaughedbyus.
Helistenstotheradioeveryday.→Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.
Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.→Thesickma
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