无线传感器网络模型设计英文文献翻译Word下载.docx
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无线传感器网络模型设计英文文献翻译Word下载.docx
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Complexnetwork;
Scale-freenetwork
I.INTRODUCTION
Inrecentyears,wirelesssensornetworkshaveattractedmoreandmorerelatedresearchersforitsadvantages.Sensornodesareusuallylow-powerandnon-rechargeable.Theintegrityoftheoriginalnetworkswillbedestroyedandothernodeswillhavemorebusinessburdenfordatatransmissioniftheenergyofsomecertainnodesdeplete.Thekeyissueofsensornetworkresearchistobalancetheenergyconsumptionofallsensornodesandtominimizetheimpactofrandomfailureofsensornodesorrandomattackstosensornodesontheentirenetwork[1].
ComplexnetworktheoryhasbeenforsometimesincefirstproposedbyBarabasiandAlbertin1998,butcomplexnetworktheoryandanalysismethodappliedtowirelesssensornetworksresearchisseriouslyrareanddevelopsinslowprogress.Asaspecialcomplexnetworklimitedespeciallybytheenvironment,sensornetworkismuchdifferentfromthetraditionalcomplexnetwork,andtheexistingcomplexnetworktheoryandanalysismethodscannotbedirectlyappliedtoanalyzesensornetworks.Basedonscale-freenetworktheory(BAmodel)[2],
(1)thispaperaddedarandomdamagemechanismtoeachsensornodewhendeployedinthegenerationrule;
(2)consideringtherealstatementofwirelesssensornetworks,aminimumandmaxinumrestrictiononsensorcommunicationradiuswasaddedtoeachsensornode;
(3)inordertomaintainabalancedenergycomsuptionoftheentirenetwork,thispaperaddedalimiteddegreeofsaturationvaluetoeachsensornode.Thisimprovedscale-freemodelnotonlyhasthementionedimprovementsabove,butalsohaslotsofadvantagesoftraditionalscale-freenetworks,suchasthegoodabilitytoresistrandomattacks,sothattheexistingtheoryandanalysismethodsofcomplexnetworkwillbemoresuitablefortheresearchesofwirelesssensornetwork.
II.PROGRESSOFRELATEDRESEARCH
HailinZhuandHongLuohaveproposedtwocomplexnetworks-basedmodelsforwirelesssensornetworks[3],thefirstofwhichnamedEnergy-awareevolutionmodel(EAEM)canorganizethenetworksinanenergy-efficientway,andcanproducescale-freenetworkswhichcanimprovethenetworksrelianceagainstrandomfailureofthesensornodes.InthesecondmodelnamedEnergy-balancedevolutionmodel(EBEM),themaximumnumberoflinksforeachnodeisintroducedintothealgorithm,whichcanmakeenergyconsumptionmorebalancedthanthepreviousmodel(EAEM).
CHENLijunandMAOYingchihaveproposedatopologycontrolofwirelesssensornetworksunderanaveragedegreeconstraint[4].Inthepreconditionofthetopologyconnectivityofwirelesssensornetworks,howtosolvethesparsenessofthenetworktopologyisaveryimportantprobleminalargenumberofsensornodesdeployedrandomly.Theyprovedtheirproposedschemecandecreaseworkingnodes,guaranteenetworktopologysparseness,predigestroutingcomplexityandprolongnetworksurvivalperiod.
LEIMingandLIDeshihaveproposedaresearchonself-organizationreliabilityofwirelesssensornetwork[5],whichaimingonthetwosituations:
deficiencyofWSNnodesandunderexternalattack,analyzestheerrortoleranceabilityofdifferenttopologiesofWSN,andeventuallyobtainsoptimizedself—organizedtopologicalmodelsofWSNandproposesarefinedroutingalgorithmbasedonWSN.
III.IMPROVEDSCALE-FREEMODELFORWSN
Becauseofthelimitedenergyandtheevilapplicationenvironment,wirelesssensornetworksmayeasilycollapsewhensomecertainsensornodesareofenergydepletionordestructionbythenature,andevensomesensornodeshavebeendamagedwhendeployed.Thereisalsoarestrictiononmaxinumandmininumcommunicationradiusofsensornodesratherthantheotherknownscale-freenetworkssuchasInternetnetwork,whichhasnorestrictiononcommunicationradius.Tohaveabalancedenergyconsumption,itisnecessarytosetupasaturationvaluelimiteddegreeofeachsensornode[6].
Inresponsetothesepoints,basedonthetraditionalscale-freemodel,thispaperhasmadethefollowingimprovementsintheprocessofmodelestablishment:
(1)Alargenumberofresearcheshaveshownthatmanycomplexnetworksinnaturearenotonlytheresultfrominternalforces,butalsotheresultfromexternalforceswhichshouldnotbeignoredtoformanentirecomplexnetwork.Nodefailuremaynotonlyoccourbynodeenergydepletionorrandomattackstothemwhensensornetworksareintheworkingprogress,butalsooccourbyexternalforces,suchasbythenature,whendeployed.Inthispaper,amechanismofsmallprobabilityofrandomdamagehasbeenaddedtotheformationofsensornetworks.
(2)UnlikeInternetnetworkwheretwonodesareabletoconnectdirectlytoeachotherandtheirconnectionareneverlimitedbytheirreallocation,sensornetwork,twonodesinwhichconnecttoeachotherbythewayofmulti-hop,sothateachnodehasamaximumoflengthrestrictionontheircommunicationradius.Toensurethesparseofthewholenetwork,theremustalsobeaminimumoflengthrestrictionontheircommunicationradius.Inthispaper,alengthrestrictiononcommunicationradiusofsensornodeshasbeenproposedintheimprovedmodel.
(3)Insensornetwork,ifthereexistsasensornodewithaseriouslyhighdegree,whoseenergyconsumptionisveryquickly,itwillbeseriouslybad.Thewholesensornetworkwouldsurelycollapseifenoughenergywerenotsupportedtothecertainnode.Toavoidthissituation,thispaperhassetupasaturationvaluelimiteddegreeofeachsensornode.Byaddingthementionedrestrictionsabovetotheformationofthescale-freemodel,thenewimprovedmodelwillbemoreinlinewiththerealstatementofsensornetwork.Complexnetworktheoryandanalysismethodswillbemoreappropriatewhenusedtoresearchandanalyzethesensornetwork.
IV.DESCRIPTIONOFTHEIMPROVEDALGORITHM
Thespecificalgorithmoftheimprovedmodelformationaredescribedasfollows:
(1)Agivenregion(assumedtobesquare)isdividedintoHS*HSbigsquares(namedasBS);
(2)EachBS(assumedtobesquare)isdividedintoLS*LSsmallsquares(namedasSS),andeachSScanhaveonlyonenodeinitscoverageregion;
(3)m0backbonenodesareinitiallygeneratedasarandomgraph,andthenanewnodewillbeaddedtothenetworktoconnecttheexistingmnodeswithmedgesateachtimeinterval.(m<
m0,misaquantityparameter);
(4)Thenewlygeneratednodev,hasacertainprobabilityofPetobedamageddirectlysothatitwillneverbeconnectedwithanyexistingnodes;
(5)Thenewlygeneratednodevconnectswiththeexistingnodei,whichobeyesdependent-preferenceruleandissurelylimitedbythedegreeofthecertainsaturationvalue.
(6)Thedistancedivbetweenthenewlygeneratednodevconnectsandtheexistingnodeishallbeshorterthanthemaximumdmaxofthecommunicationradiusofsensornodes.
Aboveall,theprobabilitythattheexistingnodeiwillbeconnectedwiththenewlygeneratednodevcanbeshownasfollows:
Inordertocomputeitconveniently,hereassumedthatfewnodeshadreachedthedegreeofsaturationvaluekimax.Thatis,NisveryminimalinEqs.
(1)sothatitcanbeignoredhere.AndinEqs.
(2)
WithThevaryingratewithtimeofki,weget:
(3)
Whent→∞,
condition:
ki(ti)=m,wegetthesolution:
(4)
TheprobabilitythatthedegreeofnodeIissmallerthankis:
(5)
Thetimeintervalwheneachnewlygeneratednodeconnectedintothenetworkisequal,sothatprobabilitydensityoftiisaconstantparameter:
1/β
wereplaceitintoEqs.(5),thenweget:
(6)
Soweget:
(7)
Whent→∞,weget:
(8)
Inwhich
andthedegreedistributionwegetandthedegreedistributionoftraditionalscale-freenetworkaresimilar.Approximately,ithasnothingtodowiththetimeparametertandthequantityofedgesmgeneratedateachtimeinterval.
couldbecalculatedbythemaxinumrestrictiondmaxoncommunicationradiusofeachsensornodeandtheareaoftheentirecoverageregionS,thatis
=
Thenwereplace
and
intoEqs.andeventuallyweget:
.
V.SIMULATION
ThispaperusedJavaGUImodeofBRITEtopologygeneratortogeneratethetopology,andparametersettingswereasfollows:
1)N=5000
Nmeansthequantityofthesensornodes
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- 关 键 词:
- 无线 传感器 网络 模型 设计 英文 文献 翻译
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