尚择优选20XX年考研管理类联考英语二真题Word下载.docx
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尚择优选20XX年考研管理类联考英语二真题Word下载.docx
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Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.___2___,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&
D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking___3___formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.
Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe___4___andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould___5___thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness___6___byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.
___7___enough,firms’investmentandR&
Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere___8___.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities___9___whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&
D?
Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious___10___thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest–likesize,industry,andsales–andforindicatorsthataplacewas___11___tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally___12___evenafteraccountingforthesethings.
Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors___13___to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless___14___managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas___15___strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore___16___.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.
___17___thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast___18___atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp___19___howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand___20___R&
Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.
1.[A]why[B]where[C]how[D]when
2.[A]Inreturn[B]Inparticular[C]Incontrast[D]Inconclusion
3.[A]sufficient[B]famous[C]perfect[D]necessary
4.[A]individualism[B]modernism[C]optimism[D]realism
5.[A]echo[B]miss[C]spoil[D]change
6.[A]imagined[B]measured[C]invented[D]assumed
7.[A]Sure[B]Odd[C]Unfortunate[D]Often
8.[A]advertised[B]divided[C]overtaxed[D]headquartered
9.[A]explain[B]overstate[C]summarize[D]emphasize
10.[A]stages[B]factors[C]levels[D]methods
11.[A]desirable[B]sociable[C]reputable[D]reliable
12.[A]resumed[B]held[C]emerged[D]broke
13.[A]attribute[B]assign[C]transfer[D]compare
14.[A]serious[B]civilized[C]ambitious[D]experienced
15.[A]thus[B]instead[C]also[D]never
16.[A]rapidly[B]regularly[C]directly[D]equally
17.[A]After[B]Until[C]While[D]Since
18.[A]arrives[B]jumps[C]hints[D]strikes
19.[A]shape[B]rediscover[C]simplify[D]share
20.[A]prayfor[B]leantowards[C]giveaway[D]sendout
SectionⅡReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,orD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
It'
struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren'
tessentialforlearningcomputerscienceincollege.Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses,saidTomCortina,theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon'
sSchoolofComputerScience.
However,Cortinasaid,earlyexposureisbeneficial.Whenyoungerkidslearncomputerscience,theylearnthatit'
snotjustaconfusing,endlessstringoflettersandnumbers-butatooltobuildapps,orcreateartwork,ortesthypotheses.It'
snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents.Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sizedchunksandusingcodetosolvethembecomesnormal.Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap,Cortinasaid.
Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege,whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim,whichcandrivetheless-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway.
TheFlatironSchool,wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedasoneofthemanycodingbootcampsthat'
sbecomepopularforadultslookingforacareerchange.Thehigh-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum,but"
wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey'
reinterestedin,"
saidVictoriaFriedman,aninstructor.Forinstance,oneoftheappsthestudentsaredevelopingsuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood.
ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon'
tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthenextFacebook.Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover,sothe"
RubyonRails"
languagetheylearnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket.Buttheskillstheylearn-howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults-applytoanycodinglanguage,saidDeborahSeehorn,aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina.
Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall.Butcreatingafuturearmyofcodersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses.Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers-intheirpockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes-fortherestoftheirlives,Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant-theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat-thebetter.
21.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasierto_______
[A]completefuturejobtraining
[B]remodelthewayofthinking
[C]formulatelogicalhypotheses
[D]perfectartworkproduction
22.Indeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers,Flatironhasconsideredtheir________
[A]experience
[B]interest
[C]careerprospects
[D]academicbackgrounds
23.DeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatironwill________
[A]helpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages
[B]havetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescome
[C]needimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobs
[D]enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney
24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Flatironstudentsareexpectedto______
[A]bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies
[B]staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry
[C]becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld
[D]competewithafuturearmyofprogrammers
25.Theword"
coax"
(Line4,Para.6)isclosestinmeaningto________
[A]persuade
[B]frighten
[C]misguide
[D]challenge
Text2
Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens---akindofbirdlivingonstretchinggrasslands-oncelentredtotheoftengreylandscapeofthemidwesternandsouthwesternUnitedStates.Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,occupyingabout16%ofthespecies'
historicrange.
ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.S.FishandWildlifeService(USFWS)decidedtoformallylistthebirdasthreatened."
Thelesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation,"
saidUSFWSDirectorDanielAshe.Someenvironmentalists,however,weredisappointed.Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas"
endangered,"
astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe"
threatened"
taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew,potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproaches.Inparticular,theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstategovernments,whichareoftenuneasywithfederalaction.andwiththeprivatelandownerswhocontrolanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken'
shabitat.
Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorbusinessesthatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,aslongastheyhadsignedarange-widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates,theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10years.AnditgivestheWesternAssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies(WAFWA),acoalitionofstateagencies,thejobofmonitoringprogress.Overall,theideaistolet"
states"
remaininthedriver'
sseatformanagingthespecies,"
Ashesaid.
Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoric.SomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblocktheplan,andatleastadozenindustrygroups,fourstates,andthreeenvironmentalgroupsarechallengingitinfederalcourt.Notsurprisingly,doesn'
tgofarenough."
Thefederalgovernmentisgivingresponsibilityformanagingthebirdtothesameindustriesthatarepushingittoextinction,"
saysbiologistJayLininger.
26.Themajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairieasthreatenedis____.
[A]itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation
[B]theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage
[C]adesperateappealfromsomebiologists
[D]theinsistenceofprivatelandowners
27.The"
tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalistsinthatit_____.
[A]wasagive-intogovernmentalpressure
[B]wouldinvolvefeweragenciesinaction
[C]grantedlessfederalregulatorypower
[D]wentagainstconservationpolicies
28.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatunintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutedifthey_____.
[A]agreetopayasumforcompensation
[B]volunteertosetupanequallybighabitat
[C]offertosupporttheWAFWAmonitoringjob
[D]promisetoraisefundsforUSFWSoperations
29.AccordingtoAshe,theleadingroleinmanagingthespeciesis______.
[A]thefederalgovernment
[B]thewildlifeagencies
[C]thelandowners
[D]thestates
30.JayLiningerwouldmostlikelysupport_______.
[A]industrygroups
[B]thewin-winrhetoric
[C]environmentalgroups
[D]theplanunderchallenge
Text3
Thateveryone'
stoobusythesedaysisacliché
.Butonespecificcomplaintismadeespeciallymournfully:
There'
sneveranytimetoread.
Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-managementtechniquesdon'
tseemsufficient.Theweb'
sfullofarticlesofferingtipsonmakingtimetoread:
"
GiveupTV"
or"
Carryabookwithyouatalltimes."
Butinmyexperience,usingsuchmethodstofreeuptheodd30minutesdoesn'
twork.Sitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-relatedthoughtskeepsspinning-orelseyou'
resoexhaustedthata
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