新理念55网上学习大厅综合教程第四册unit1全套答案Word格式.docx
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新理念55网上学习大厅综合教程第四册unit1全套答案Word格式.docx
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A)T
B)F
Script:
WhentheGrandArmyledbyNapoleonattackedRussia,theRussiansfoughtbitterlyagainstthem.
正确答案:
B
2.
ThebattleatSmolenskwasadecisivevictoryforNapoleon.
3.
TheRussianczarrefusedNapoleon’struceofferbecauseheknewthatthesevereRussianwinterwoulddefeatNapoleon’sarmy.
A
4.
NapoleonorderedhisGrandArmytoretreatfromMoscowonlybecausetheweathertherewastoocold.
5.
HitlerexpectedtoconquertheSovietUnioninfiveweeks.
6.
Inanswertothecallofthe“scorchtheearth”byStalin,theRussiansburnedordestroyedtheirfarmsandfactories.
7.
InordertoopenupasecondfrontinEurope,British,AmericanandCanadianforcesdidalotofcarefulpreparationsformorethanayear.
8.
Thedaysof5,6and7JunewerechosenforD-Daybecausemoonlightandtideofthesedayswerefavorabletolanding.
9.
WhentheassaultonNormandybeganonthemidnightof6June,theGermantroopswereonhighalert.
10.
Thankstoasoutherlycurrent,thelandingatthenewsectorofUtahBeachwasquitesuccessful.
SectionB
Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.
TheWinterWarwasamilitaryconflictbetweentheSovietUnionandFinland.ItbeganwithaSoviet(11)_________________on30November1939andendedon13March1940withtheMoscowPeace(12)_________________.TheLeagueofNationsdeemedtheattack(13)_________________andexpelledtheSovietUnionfromtheLeagueon14December1939.
TheSovietforceshadthreetimesasmanysoldiersastheFinns,30timesasmanyaircraft,andahundredtimesasmanytanks.TheRedArmy,however,hadbeen(14)_________________bySovietleaderJosephStalin’sGreatPurgeof1937,reducingthearmy’s(15)_________________andefficiencyshortlybeforetheoutbreakofthefighting.Withmorethan30,000ofitsarmyofficers(16)_________________orimprisoned,includingmostofthoseofthehighestranks,theRedArmyin1939hadmany(17)_________________seniorofficers.Becauseofthesefactors,and(18)_________________andmoraleintheFinnishforces,FinlandwasabletoresisttheSovietinvasionforfarlongerthantheSovietsexpected.
HostilitiesceasedinMarch1940withthesigningoftheMoscowPeaceTreaty.Finlandceded11%ofitspre-warterritoryand30%ofitseconomicassetstotheSovietUnion.Sovietlossesonthefrontwereheavy,andthecountry’s(19)_________________.TheSovietforcesdidnotaccomplishtheirobjectiveofthetotalconquestofFinland,butdid(20)_________________alongLakeLadogatoprovideabufferforLeningrad.TheFinns,however,retainedtheirsovereigntyandenhancedtheirinternationalreputation.
TheWinterWarwasamilitaryconflictbetweentheSovietUnionandFinland.ItbeganwithaSovietoffensiveon30November1939andendedon13March1940withtheMoscowPeaceTreaty.TheLeagueofNationsdeemedtheattackillegalandexpelledtheSovietUnionfromtheLeagueon14December1939.
TheSovietforceshadthreetimesasmanysoldiersastheFinns,30timesasmanyaircraft,andahundredtimesasmanytanks.TheRedArmy,however,hadbeencrippledbySovietleaderJosephStalin’sGreatPurgeof1937,reducingthearmy’smoraleandefficiencyshortlybeforetheoutbreakofthefighting.Withmorethan30,000ofitsarmyofficersexecutedorimprisoned,includingmostofthoseofthehighestranks,theRedArmyin1939hadmanyinexperiencedseniorofficers.Becauseofthesefactors,andhighcommitmentandmoraleintheFinnishforces,FinlandwasabletoresisttheSovietinvasionforfarlongerthantheSovietsexpected.
HostilitiesceasedinMarch1940withthesigningoftheMoscowPeaceTreaty.Finlandceded11%ofitspre-warterritoryand30%ofitseconomicassetstotheSovietUnion.Sovietlossesonthefrontwereheavy,andthecountry’sinternationalreputationsuffered.TheSovietforcesdidnotaccomplishtheirobjectiveofthetotalconquestofFinland,butdidgainsufficientterritoryalongLakeLadogatoprovideabufferforLeningrad.TheFinns,however,retainedtheirsovereigntyandenhancedtheirinternationalreputation.
offensive
Treaty
illegal
crippled
morale
executed
inexperienced
highcommitment
internationalreputationsuffered
gainsufficientterritory
PartIIReadingComprehension(25minutes)
Inthissection,thereisapassagewithseveralblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
AsHitler’sarmiesdrewcloserandclosertoMoscow,anearly,severewinter21theSovietUnion,theharshestinyears.Temperaturesdroppedtominus48degreesCelsius.Heavysnowsfell.TheGermansoldiers,completely22fortheRussianwinter,frozeintheirlightsummer23.TheGermantankslay24intheheavysnowbanks.TheRussianwinterbroughttheGermanoffensive25.
Bythesummerof1942,Hitlerhadlaunchedtwonew26.Inthesouth,theGermanscapturedSevastopol.HitlerthenpushedeasttoStalingrad,agreatindustrialcitythatstretchedfor48kilometersalongtheVolgaRiver.Despitegreatsuffering,Sovietdefendersrefusedto27Stalingrad.
InNovember1942,theRussianslauncheda28.WithlittleornoshelterfromthewintercoldinandaroundStalingrad,Germantroopswerefurtherweakenedbyalackoffoodandsupplies.NotuntilJanuary1943didtheGermansgiveuptheirsiege.OfthethreehundredthousandGermansattackingStalingrad,onlyninetythousand29soldierswereleft.ThelossofthebattleforStalingradfinally30againstHitler.TheGermanvictorieswereover,thanksinparttotheRussianwinter.
A)uniformsB)settledoverC)toahaltD)counterattack
E)unpreparedF)siegeG)buriedH)giveup
I)offensivesJ)droppedK)capturedL)thanks
M)turnedthetideN)shelterO)starving
21.______________________
22.______________________
E
23.______________________
24.______________________
G
25.______________________
C
26.______________________
I
27.______________________
H
28.______________________
D
29.______________________
O
30.______________________
M
Thereareseveralpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
PassageOne
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Terrorismmaybeviewedastheuseofforceorviolenceagainstpersonsorpropertytothreatenorcoerce(迫使)agovernment,aformalorganization,oracivilianpopulationforpolitical,religious,orsocialobjectives.Sinceterroristscommonlyuseviolenceagainstciviliantargets,theiractionsarewidelycondemnedasmorallyunacceptable.Inpractice,aswithagreatmanyotherbehaviors,whatconstitutesterrorismisamatterofsocialdefinition.Whennationsresorttoviolencetofurthertheirinterests,theresultsareconsideredasbeinglegalwarfare.Inmanyrespects,terrorismisanextensionofthatapproachbypeoplewholackthearmiesofastate.
Formanyyearsthepublic,governmentofficials,andscholarstreatedterrorismprimarilyasa"
nuisance."
Butrecently,wehavecometoseeterrorismasanewmodeofwarfarewithfar-reachingimplications.Terrorismservesasanavenueofpoliticalexpressionforsomemilitants(好战分子),whethertheyaremotivatedbyideology,ethnicity,orreligion.However,whatdistinguishesmuchcontemporaryterrorismisnotsomuchitsmotivationorpurpose,butrathertheextentofstateinvolvementincarryingoutwell-plannedandhighlydestructiveactsagainstadversarynations.
Anotherfeatureofcontemporaryterrorismhasbeentheextenttowhichithasbecomeamediaevent.Terrorismisusuallyaimedatamediaaudience,nottheactualvictims.Theactofmediacoveragealsoenhancestheimportanceof"
theproblem"
thatledtotheterroristactivities.Newspaperreadersandtelevisionviewerssee"
asofmuchgreaterimportanceandasjustifyingnationalorinternationalaction.
31.
Accordingtothepassage,terrorismiswidelyunacceptable______.
A)foritsillegalactions
B)becauseitisoftentargetedatordinarypeople
C)asitusuallyleadstodeathandhatred
D)foritsviolence
32.
Theword"
approach"
attheendofthefirstpar
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