Cultivation of Childrens Interest in English LearningWord格式文档下载.docx
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Cultivation of Childrens Interest in English LearningWord格式文档下载.docx
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learning
摘要
随着社会经济发展的要求,英语在我们的日常生活扮演着越来越重要的角色,人们开始满怀热情的学习英语,即使非常小的孩子也不例外。
学习外语不是一个简单容易的工作,它有时是很枯燥乏味的。
兴趣是学习英语的关键,因此,如何有效地培养孩子学习英语的兴趣是一个重要的问题。
本文阐述了这个问题的重要性和如何培养孩子的方法。
首先,作者阐述兴趣的定义和学习英语的重要性和他们的相互关系,接下来对引起兴趣的各种因素就行讨论。
最后,根据理论原理,作者提出了几种有效的方法来培养孩子在学习英语的兴趣。
关键词:
培养;
兴趣;
英语;
学习
TableofContents
1Introduction1
2TheoreticalRationale2
2.1DefinitionofInterest2
2.1.1IntheTermofPsychology2
2.1.2TheRelationshipbetweenInterestandLearning2
3TheImportanceofEnglishLearning4
3.1FromDevelopmentofBodyandMind4
3.2FromNeedsofSocialDevelopment5
4ConditionsofArousingInterest7
4.1PersonalNeed7
4.2Curiosity7
5WaystoCultivateInterestofYoungChildreninEnglishLearning8
5.1FromthePerspectiveofTeachers8
5.1.1TeachingMethods8
5.1.2Teachingclimate8
5.1.3TeachingMaterials9
5.2FromthePerspectiveofParents9
5.2.1CultivatesaDirectInterestbyEnhanceLearningPleasure9
5.2.2DevelopanIndirectInterestbySettingClearLearningGoals10
5.2.3CultivateTheirInterestinLearningbyUsingtheChildren’sCuriosity10
5.2.4DeveloptheExternalEnvironmentofBeneficialInterestinEnglishLearning11
5.3FromthePerspectiveofSchool11
5.3.1ProvidingOpportunitiesforStudentstoExperienceSuccess11
5.3.2CreateaGoodSchoolEnvironment12
6Conclusion13
Reference14
Acknowledgements15
1Introduction
InrecentyearsinChina,learningEnglishhasbeenaveryprevalenttendencyandithasbecomemorepopularandurgentasChinasucceededinbiddingtoholdthe2008OlympicGamesandenteringintotheWorldTradeOrganization.Masteraforeignlanguage,especiallyEnglishisviewedasapassporttoonesfuturesuccess,thus,moreandmorepeopleswarmintothetideofEnglishlearning.Inaddition,EnglishlearnershavebecomeyoungerandyoungerandEnglishcoursesaretaughtinGradeThreeorGradeOneofprimaryschoolsandeveninkindergartens.Furthermore,mostofparentssendtheirchildrentosomeafter-schoolEnglishtrainclassesontheweekendsinthehopeofpromotingthechildren’sEnglishlearning,yetsomeoftheteachersandparentsareinfrustrationofrecognitionofthechildren’slowattitudeandgradesinEnglishlearning.Therefore,teachersshouldknowthepsychologicaltheoryandtheprocessofEnglishlearninginordertoencourageandenhancetheEnglishlearningofstudents.
Languagelearningisaverycomplicatedprocessthatisinfluencedbymanyfactors.Besidestheintelligentfactor,thenon-intelligentfactors----motivation,attitude,interests,age,methods,willandcharacter----arethedirectandthemostimportantfactorstoEnglishlearning.BecausethebehaviorofEnglishlearnersisdominatedbycognition,inotherwords,thelearnershaveadesireinwhichisadrivetopersistinEnglishlearning.Itistruethattwostudentssitnexttoeachotherinaclass.Theylookalikeandaresimilarinability,buttheyactverydifferently.Onejumpsintoassignments,participateseagerlyinclass,andgetsgoodgrades;
theotherhesitatesonassignments,seldomjoinsindiscussion,andbarelygetsby.Why?
Thissituationistypical.Howmanytimeshaveweheardteacherssay,“Shecould.”Theoriesofinteresthelpusexplainthesedifferences.LinChongde,afamouspsychologistsaid,“thesecretofgeniusisastronginterestandhobbies.”
2TheoreticalRationale
2.1DefinitionofInterest
2.1.1IntheTermofPsychology
Interestisanunderstandingtendencywithcolorfulemotion,thatitisanimportantmotivationtounderstandandexplore;
thatitisamostactivefactoroflearningandlife;
Tomanypsychologists,interestisavague,everydaytermthatdenotesapersonalcharacteristicoranaffectivestateandthathasalreadybeeninvestigatedbymodernmotivationpsychology﹙UlrichSchiefele1991).Forexample,DeciandRyan﹙e.g.,Deci,inpress;
Deci&Ryan,1985﹚regardtointerest“animportancedirectiveroleinintrinsicallymotivatedbehaviorinthatpeoplenaturallyapproachthatinterestthem”﹙p.34).SuzanneHideconsideredinteresttobeauniquevariable,aswellasapsychologicalstatethatoccursduringinteractionsbetweenpersonsandtheirobjectsofinterest,andischaracterizedbyincreasedattention,concentrationandeffect﹙SuzanneHide,2006).Accordingtothepsychologicaldevelopmentofanindividual'
spersonality,interestscanbedividedintothreecategories:
﹙1﹚visualinterest,thisisainstinctinteresttohuman.ThevisualinterestarousedbysomethingBrightandvividcolorsorhumorlanguageandaction.Thisinterestissuperficialandunstable,ifwecanarousethisinpotentialinterestearlyageinwhichtheresultnotonlyhelptoimprovelearningefficiencybutalsohelptodevelopahigherlevelofinterestinlearning.
(2)Consciousinterest,thisinterestalongwiththeemotional,mentalactivityandproduction,theinterestisaclearpurposeofthepursuitofpsychologicalfactors.Thisinterestisrelativelystablewithconsciousness.﹙3﹚potentialinterest,potentialinterestisahigherlevelofmentalperformance.Thisshowedastronginterestinthepursuitofenduringlove.Itisnolongerasrandomfactorschange,andnotforthehardsetbackback.What’smore,itisabletosufferforthesakeofcontrast,intheordinarymonotonousfindalotoffun.
2.1.2TheRelationshipbetweenInterestandLearning
Asthesayinggoes:
“Interestisthebestteacher”,thisidiomtellusifapersondothingsheisinterested,hewillbebroughtintothisthingwithfullinitiativeEvenverytiredandhard,healwaysfeelenthusiasticandhappy;
evenifthedifficultiesarenotdiscouragedandhetriestothinkofthewaytoovercomeitrelentlessly.Ifyouletthechildrengotoschooltolearningknowledgeheisinterested.Maybethetimeoflearningisverylongbuthedidnotfeelboringandlikeplayinginthegame.Herbart(1806/1965,1841/1965),oneoftheearlypioneersofmodernpsychology.Heregardedthedevelopmentofunspecialized,multifacetedinterestasoneoftheprimarygoalsofeducation.Interestissocentraltomotivation,learningandperformancethatitmusthavebiologicalrootsandaphysiologicalbasis﹙SuzanneHide,2006).
3TheImportanceofEnglishLearning
3.1FromDevelopmentofBodyandMind
Educatorssadthatthe4-year-oldchildrenareprimetimeofEnglishdevelopment.Kidsofthisagearemorelikelytoacceptthelanguageandits"
carry"
theculturalelements,whichmeansthatchildreninthetimetolearnEnglishnotonlyacceptthevocabularymemoryquicklybutalsothinkinEnglishandaninitialunderstandingofWesternculturefromanearlyage.Inaddition,achild'
smemorywasgoodandstrongimitation,nomatterwhatreligioncando"
accept."
Languagelearningtakesalongtime,childrenlearnaforeignlanguageasearlyaspossible,theaccumulationofbeneficialintheirvocabulary,improvetheirlanguagefluency.AmericanlinguistNoamChomsky(N.Chomsky)the"
LADtheory"
thatthechildrenhaveageneticfactorinthedecisionbythe"
innatelanguageacquisitionmechanism"
(LanguageAcqui-sitionDevice,referredtoasLAD).Itisthelanguageofchildren'
saccesstothedirectchannel,inthe0to6years-oldisveryactive,graduallyweakeningwithage,12yearsafteritsrolewillincreasinglydisappear.
AccordingtoChomsky'
stheoryofspeechsignalsintothebrainafterchildren,LADdevicewillrecognizewhathehadheardthesignal,andmemory.Chomskybelievesthatchildrenareactivegenerationanddevelopmentofthemastersoflanguageratherthanmerelyapassiveresponsetothestimuliofimitators.Thisalsoexplainswhynormalcircumstancesanyfour-year-oldchildrencanbeself-taughtinthebasicneedofmother-tonguelanguageineverydaycommunication;
anindicationofthelanguageatthisageisneedforcapacitydevelopment(includingmothertongueandsecondlanguageskills).Theyare3-6inthedooroflanguagetraining,andonthisbasis,enlightenedwisdomlaterbecameanextraordinaryman.LADtheoryshowsthatchildrenlearningEnglishhasinherentphysiologicaladvantage,notonlyontheirlanguagelearningdoesnotoccurthesameasadults,theconfusionbetweendifferentlanguages,andwillprovideanaturallanguageintheconditions,toquicklygraspaorsomelanguage.(LegalEveningNews)
Britishchildren'
sEnglishexpert,"
CambridgeInternationalChildren'
sEnglish,"
oneoftheauthors•MichaelTomlinsonsaidtheglobalageofchildrenlearningEnglishaheadoftrends,suchastheSpanishgovernmenthasstipulatedthatthethresholdforchildrentolearnEnglishis6yearsold,butthisyearto5yearsinadvance.Chinesechildrenarealsourgingparentsearlyintheexam.
3.2FromNeedsofSocialDevelopment
Withthedevelopmentofsocietyand
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