大学英语四六级作文讲义Word文档格式.docx
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大学英语四六级作文讲义Word文档格式.docx
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审题:
改卷老师的建议:
●书写和框架
● 在第一段的最后一到两句话有没有清楚地给出文章的中心句。
● 文章的主题第二段有没有清楚的次观点来support文章的中心句,这时还会重点找一些连接词和过渡词,他们使支持次观点从结构上清楚的展现。
● 最后就会看最后一段的句首部分有没有表示文章结束的过渡词和对文章观点的再次陈述。
●
正文写作:
检查:
框架-1,2,3原则
1)first,second,third,last(不推荐,原因:
俗)
2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally(不推荐,原因:
3)thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast(不推荐,原因:
4)inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,inthethirdplace,lastly(不推荐,原因:
5)tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally(强烈推荐)
6)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally(强烈推荐)
7)firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast(强烈推荐)
8)mostimportantofall,moreover,finally
9)ontheonehand,ontheotherhand(适用于两点的情况)
10)foronething,foranotherthing(适用于两点的情况)
Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife.Firstly,people’slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved.Secondly,mostpeoplearewellpaid,andtheycanaffordwhattheyneedorlike.Lastbutnotleast,moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife.
Tips
1.说出你的中心,你的观点:
intermsof(根据)mypointofview我的观点.高中学过的inmyopinionthat……,Thereareseveralconspicuous(明显的)reasonswhyIstronglysupportthat………
at
present,currently,lately,recently,nowadays,these
years,in
the
past
several
decades,over
last
years
2.变化词汇,那你就要积累了,因为我不可能列举那么多给你,但是我下面列举几个:
very可以用很多词代替,比如fairly,really,quietly………
3.表示举例(Exemplification)所用的过渡词:
forexample,forinstance,agoodcaseinpoint,asaexample,asacase,asanillustration,suchas,inpoint,namely,like,thatis划线的基本掌握就行了,如果要想使文章放光彩,那就用case,例证,显得你很专业.
4.表示原因(Cause)所用的过渡词:
because,becauseof,since,for,as,bedueto,owingto,,asaresultof,onthegroundof,derivefrom,originatefrom,leadto,result(in),basedon
5.表示对比:
bycontrast,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,incontrast,not…but…,ratherthan,otherwise,unlike,instead,conversely,comparedwith,incomparisonwith
6.表示让步(Concession)所用的过渡词:
though,although,eventhough,but,however,nevertheless,nonetheless,notwithstanding,yet,admittedly,inspiteof,despite,itistrue…but…,grantedthat
7.表示强调(Emphasis)所用的过渡词:
mainly,chiefly,especially,indeed,infact,asamatteroffact,actually,particularly,certainly,aboveall,surely,undoubtedly,nodoubt,allinall,mostimportant/significantofall,这中间一定要选两个出来啊.强调是加分的地方.
8.表示结论(Conclusion)所用的过渡词:
inconclusion,inshort,asawhole,inaword,onthewhole,insummary,inbrief,tosumup,toconclude,呵呵找一个就行.结尾时可以在用完说的那个notonly…butalso…后再套上去,就像流行歌曲首先唱,我现在的处境怎么怎么样,爱你吧又怕伤害了你,放手吧又怕自己错过了你,然后”于是我冷静的做了一个决定”,套上上面的词汇,inconclusion我还是要放手,或者基于前面的原因,tosumup我还是选择将爱情进行到底.
常用的句子
1.表示原因
1)Therearethreereasonsforthis.
2)Thereasonsforthisareasfollows.
3)Thereasonforthisisobvious.
4)Thereasonforthisisthat...
5)Wehavegoodreasontobelievethat.
2.表示好处
1)Ithasthefollowingadvantages.
2)Itdoesusalotofgood.
3)Itbenefitsusquitealot.
4)Itisbeneficialtous.
5)Itisofgreatbenefittous.
例如:
Booksarelikefriends.Theycanhelpusknowtheworldbetter,andtheycanopenourmindsandwidenourhorizons.Therefore,readingextensivelyisofgreatbenefittous.
3.表示坏处
1)Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.
2)Itdoesusmuchharm.
3)Itisharmfultous.
However,everythingdividesintotwo.Televisioncanalsobeharmfultous.Itcandoharmtoourhealthandmakeuslazyifwespendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevision.
4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
1)Itisimportant(necessary,difficult,convenient,possible)forsb.todosth.
2)Wethinkitnecessarytodosth.
3)Itplaysanimportantroleinourlife.
Computersarenowbeingusedeverywhere,whetherinthegovernment,inschoolsorinbusiness.Soon,computerswillbefoundineveryhome,too.WehavegoodreasontosaythatcomputersareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourlifeandwehavesteppedintotheComputerAge.
5.表示措施
1)Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasures.
2)Weshouldtryourbesttoovercome(conquer)thedifficulties.
3)Weshoulddoourutmostindoingsth.
4)Weshouldsolvetheproblemsthatweareconfronted(faced)with.
Thehousingproblemthatweareconfrontedwithisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Therefore,wemusttakesomeeffectivemeasurestosolveit.
6.表示变化
1)Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears.
2)Agreatchangewillcertainlybeproducedintheworld’scommunications.
3)Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation.
Somechangeshavetakenplaceinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyears.Themajorreasonsforthesechangesarenotfartoseek.Nowadays,increasingpeopleareswitchingfromgraintomeatforprotein,andfromfruitandvegetabletomilkforvitamins.
7.表示事实、现状
1)Wecannotignorethefactthat...
2)Noonecandenythefactthat...
3)Thereisnodenyingthefactthat...
4)Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedin.
Wecannotignorethefactthatindustrializationbringswithittheproblemsofpollution.
8.表示比较
1)ComparedwithA,B...
2)IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV.
3)Thereisastrikingcontrastbetweenthem.
Comparedwithcars,bicycleshaveseveraladvantagesbesidesbeingaffordable.Tobeginwith,theydonotconsumenaturalresourcesofpetroleum.furthermore,theydonotcausethepollutionproblem.Lastbutnotleast,theycontributetopeople’shealthbygivingthemduephysicalexercise.
9.表示数量
1)Ithasincreased(decreased)from...to...
2)Thepopulationinthiscityhasnowincreased(decreased)to800,000.
3)TheoutputofJulyinthisfactoryincreasedby15%comparedwiththatofJanuary.
Fromthegraphlistedabove,itcanbeseenthatstudentuseofcomputershasincreasedfromanaverageoflessthantwohoursperweekin1990to20hoursin2000.
10.表示看法
1)Peoplehave(take,adopt,assume)differentattitudestowardssth.
2)Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.
3)Peopletakedifferentviewsof(on)thequestion.
4)Somepeoplebelievethat...Othersarguethat...
11.表示结论
1)Inshort,itcanbesaidthat...
2)Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows.
3)Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthat...
Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthatexaminationisnecessary,however,itsmethodshouldbeimproved.
12.套语
1)It’swellknowntousthat...
2)Asisknowntous,...
3)Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedabout.
4)Fromthegraph(table,chart)listedabove,itcanbeseenthat...
5)As a proverbsays,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
写作绝招:
1开头万能公式一:
名人名言经典句型:
Aproverbsays,“Youareonlyyoungonce.”(适用于已记住的名言)
Itgoeswithoutsayingthatwecannotbeyoungforever.(适用于自编名言)
更多经典句型:
Aseveryoneknows,Noonecandenythat…
•读书应该博览还是选择?
•
•AsDecartes(笛卡尔)onceput,“Thereadingofallgoodbooksislikeaconversationwiththefinestmenofpastcenturies.”
•FrancisBacon,aBritishphilosopher,commented,“Historiesmakemenwise;
poemswitty;
themathematicssubtle;
naturalphilosophydeep;
moralgrave;
logicandrhetoricabletocontend.”
•历史使人明智;
诗歌使人灵秀;
数学使人周密;
自然哲学使人深刻;
道德使人庄重;
逻辑和修辞使人擅辩.
2.开头万能公式二:
数字统计
Accordingtoarecentsurvey,about78.9%ofthecollegestudentswantedtofurthertheirstudyaftertheirgraduation.
Honesty
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。
Youth
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。
更多句型:
Arecentstatisticsshowsthat…
1.结尾万能公式一:
如此结论
Obviously(此为过渡短语),wecandrawtheconclusionthatgoodmannersarisefrompolitenessandrespectforothers.
更多过渡短语:
tosumup,inconclusion,inbrief,onaccountofthis,thus
更多句型:
Thus,itcanbeconcludedthat…,Therefore,wecanfindthat…
2.结尾万能公式二:
如此建议
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。
拽!
Obviously,itishightimethatwetooksomemeasurestosolvetheproblem.
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型.
Accordingly,Irecommendthatsomemeasuresbetaken.
Consequently,tosolvetheproblem,somemeasuresshouldbetaken.
题型分类:
•一、第一种题型(对比观点选择题;
EssayI)
(一)题型特点:
1、大多为三点提纲,提纲模式一般为:
有一些人……;
还有人……;
我的看法或观点;
2、少数时候也会出现两点提纲的情况,此时可以补充成三点提纲来写作。
(二)历年真题:
2000.6;
1999.6;
1998.6;
1997.6;
1996.1;
1995.6;
1993.6;
1993.1
•二、第二种题型(社会热点话题;
EssayII):
(一)题型特点:
1、应该为三点提纲,但是通常以两点提纲出现的题目居多,所涉及主题为当时社会热点;
2、如果是两点提纲,则补充成三点提纲写作。
3、通常模式为:
现象概述--细节(原因、危害、方式等)--自我评论
(二)历年真题:
2002.12;
2000.12;
2000.1;
1999.1;
1997.12;
1995.1;
•三、第三种题型(图表题;
Report;
EssayIII):
(一)题型特点:
1、以图表作为信息来源的写作模式
2、通常模式为:
描述图表--解释原因--自我评论
(二)历年真题:
2003.6;
1996.6;
1992.1;
1991.6
图表题:
真题:
ThesuggestedTitleis:
CarAccidentsDeclininginWaltonCity.Rememberthatyourcompositionmustbewrittenaccordingtothefollowingoutline:
1.Riseandfalloftherateofcaraccidentsasindicatedbythegraph;
2.Possiblereason(s)forthedeclineofcaraccidentsinthecity;
3.Yourpredictionsofwhatwillhappenthisyear.
Yourcompositionshouldbenolessthan120wordsandyoushouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.
范文:
CarAccidentsDeclininginWaltonCity
Accordingtothegraph,theriseandfalloftherateofcaraccidentsinWaltonCityvarieswiththe
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