迈克尔布隆伯格在哈佛大学毕业典礼英语演讲稿Word文档格式.docx
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迈克尔布隆伯格在哈佛大学毕业典礼英语演讲稿Word文档格式.docx
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Theyveearnedit!
Asexcitedasthegraduatesare,theyareprobablyevenmoreexhaustedafterthepastfewweeks.Andparents:
Imnotreferringtotheirfinalexams.ImtalkingabouttheSeniorOlympics,theLastChanceDance,andtheBoozeCruise&
Imean,themoonlightcruise.
Theentireyearhasbeenexcitingoncampus:
HarvardbeatYalefortheseventhstraighttimeinfootball.ThemensbasketballteamwenttothesecondroundoftheNCAAtournamentforthesecondstraightyear.AndtheMensSquashteamwonnationalchampionship.
Whodathunkit:
Harvard,anathleticpowerhouse!
Prettysoontheyllbeaskingwhetheryouhaveacademicstogoalongwithyourathleticprograms.
MypersonalconnectiontoHarvardbeganin1964,whenIgraduatedfromJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimoreandmatriculatedhereattheB-School.
Youreprobablyasking:
HowdidIevergetintoHarvardBusinessSchool,givenmystellaracademicrecord,whereIalwaysmadethetophalfoftheclasspossible?
Ihavenoidea.Andtheonlypeoplemoresurprisedthanmeweremyprofessors.
Anyway,hereIamagainbackinCambridge.AndIhavenoticedthatafewthingshavechangedsinceIwasastudenthere.Elsies&
asandwichspotIusedtoloveneartheSquare&
isnowaburritoshop.TheWursthaus&
whichhadgreatbeerandsausage&
isnowanartisanalgastro-pub,whatevertheheckthatis.AndtheoldHolyokeCenterisnownamedtheSmithCampusCenter.
Dontyoujusthateitwhenalumniputtheirnamesallovereverything?
IwasthinkingaboutthatthismorningasIwalkedintotheBloombergCenterontheHarvardBusinessSchoolcampusacrosstheriver.
Butthegoodnewsis,HarvardremainswhatitwaswhenIfirstarrivedoncampus50yearsago:
Americasmostprestigiousuniversity.And,likeothergreatuniversities,itliesattheheartoftheAmericanexperimentindemocracy.
Theirpurposeisnotonlytoadvanceknowledge,buttoadvancetheidealsofournation.Greatuniversitiesareplaceswherepeopleofallbackgrounds,holdingallbeliefs,pursuingallquestions,cancometostudyanddebatetheirideas&
freelyandopenly.
Today,Idliketotalkwithyouabouthowimportantitisforthatfreedomtoexistforeveryone,nomatterhowstronglywemaydisagreewithanothersviewpoint.
Toleranceforotherpeoplesideas,andthefreedomtoexpressyourown,areinseparablevaluesatgreatuniversities.Joinedtogether,theyformasacredtrustthatholdsthebasisofourdemocraticsociety.
Butthattrustisperpetuallyvulnerabletothetyrannicaltendenciesofmonarchs,mobs,andmajorities.Andlately,wehaveseenthosetendenciesmanifestthemselvestoooften,bothoncollegecampusesandinoursociety.
Thatsthebadnews&
andunfortunately,IthinkbothHarvard,andmyowncityofNewYork,havebeenwitnessestothistrend.
First,forNewYorkCity.Severalyearsago,asyoumayremember,somepeopletriedtostopthedevelopmentofamosqueafewblocksfromtheWorldTradeCentersite.
Itwasanemotionalissue,andpollsshowedthattwo-thirdsofAmericanswereagainstamosquebeingbuiltthere.EventheAnti-DefamationLeague&
widelyregardedasthecountrysmostardentdefenderofreligiousfreedom&
declareditsoppositiontotheproject.
Theopponentsheldralliesanddemonstrations.Theydenouncedthedevelopers.Andtheydemandedthatcitygovernmentstopitsconstruction.Thatwastheirright&
andweprotectedtheirrighttoprotest.Buttheycouldnothavebeenmorewrong.Andwerefusedtocaveintotheirdemands.
Theideathatgovernmentwouldsingleoutaparticularreligion,andblockitsbelievers&
andonlyitsbelievers&
frombuildingahouseofworshipinaparticularareaisdiametricallyopposedtothemoralprinciplesthatgaverisetoourgreatnationandtheconstitutionalprotectionsthathavesustainedit.
Ourunionof50statesrestsontheunionoftwovalues:
freedomandtolerance.AnditisthatunionofvaluesthattheterroristswhoattackedusonSeptember11th,2019&
andonApril15th,2019&
foundmostthreatening.
Tothem,wewereaGod-lesscountry.
Butinfact,thereisnocountrythatprotectsthecoreofeveryfaithandphilosophyknowntohumankind&
freewill&
morethantheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Thatprotection,however,restsuponourconstantvigilance.
Weliketothinkthattheprincipleofseparationofchurchandstateissettled.Itisnot.Anditneverwillbe.Itisuptoustoguarditfiercely&
andtoensurethatequalityunderthelawmeansequalityunderthelawforeveryone.
Ifyouwantthefreedomtoworshipasyouwish,tospeakasyouwish,andtomarrywhomyouwish,youmusttoleratemyfreedomtodoso&
ornotdoso&
aswell.
WhatIdomayoffendyou.Youmayfindmyactionsimmoralorunjust.Butattemptingtorestrictmyfreedoms&
inwaysthatyouwouldnotrestrictyourown&
leadsonlytoinjustice.
Wecannotdenyotherstherightsandprivilegesthatwedemandforourselves.Andthatistrueincities&
anditisnolesstrueatuniversities,wheretheforcesofrepressionappeartobestrongernowthantheyhavebeensincethe1950s.
WhenIwasgrowingup,U.S.SenatorJoeMcCarthywasasking:
Areyounoworhaveyoueverbeen?
Hewasattemptingtorepressandcriminalizethosewhosympathizedwithaneconomicsystemthatwas,eventhen,failing.
McCarthysRedScaredestroyedthousandsoflives,butwhatwashesoafraidof?
Anidea&
inthiscase,communism&
thatheandothersdeemeddangerous.
Buthewasrightaboutonething:
Ideascanbedangerous.Theycanchangesociety.Theycanupendtraditions.Theycanstartrevolutions.Thatswhythroughouthistory,thoseinauthorityhavetriedtorepressideasthatthreatentheirpower,theirreligion,theirideology,ortheirreelectionchances.
ThatwastrueforSocratesandGalileo,itwastrueforNelsonMandelaandV&
aacute;
clavHavel,andithasbeentrueforAiWeiWei,PussyRiot,andthekidswhomadetheHappyvideoinIran.
Repressingfreeexpressionisanaturalhumanweakness,anditisuptoustofightitateveryturn.Intoleranceofideas&
whetherliberalorconservative&
isantitheticaltoindividualrightsandfreesocieties,anditisnolessantitheticaltogreatuniversitiesandfirst-ratescholarship.
Thereisanideafloatingaroundcollegecampuses&
includinghereatHarvard&
thatscholarsshouldbefundedonlyiftheirworkconformstoaparticularviewofjustice.Theresawordforthatidea:
censorship.Anditisjustamodern-dayformofMcCarthyism.
Thinkabouttheirony:
Inthe1950s,therightwingwasattemptingtorepressleftwingideas.Today,onmanycollegecampuses,itisliberalstryingtorepressconservativeideas,evenasconservativefacultymembersareatriskofbecominganendangeredspecies.AndperhapsnowhereisthatmoretruethanhereintheIvyLeague.
Inthe2019presidentialrace,accordingtoFederalElectionCommissiondata,96percentofallcampaigncontributionsfromIvyLeaguefacultyandemployeeswenttoBarackObama.
Ninety-sixpercent.TherewasmoredisagreementamongtheoldSovietPolitburothanthereisamongIvyLeaguedonors.
Thatstatisticshouldgiveuspause&
andIsaythatassomeonewhoendorsedPresidentObamaforreelection&
becauseletmetellyou,neitherpartyhasamonopolyontruthorGodonitsside.
When96percentofIvyLeaguedonorspreferonecandidatetoanother,youhavetowonderwhetherstudentsarebeingexposedtothediversityofviewsthatagreatuniversityshouldoffer.
Diversityofgender,ethnicity,andorientationisimportant.Butauniversitycannotbegreatifitsfacultyispoliticallyhomogenous.Infact,thewholepurposeofgrantingtenuretoprofessorsistoensurethattheyfeelfreetoconductresearchonideasthatrunafoulofuniversitypoliticsandsocietalnorms.
Whentenurewascreated,itmostlyprotectedliberalswhoseideasranupagainstconservativenorms.
Today,iftenureisgoingtocontinuetoexist,itmustalsoprotectconservativeswhoseideasrunupagainstliberalnorms.Otherwise,universityresearch&
andtheprofessorswhoconductit&
willlosecredibility.
Greatuniversitiesmustnotbecomepredictablypartisan.Andaliberalartseducationmustnotbeaneducationintheartofliberalism.
Theroleofuniversitiesisnottopromoteanideology.Itistoprovidescholarsandstudentswithaneutralforumforresearchinganddebatingissues&
withouttippingthescalesinonedirection,orrepressingunpopularviews.
Requiringscholars&
andcommencementspeakers,forthatmatter&
toconformtocertainpoliticalstandardsunderminesthewholepurposeofauniversity.
Thisspring,ithasbeendisturbingtoseeanumberofcollegecommencementspeakerswithdraw&
orhavetheirinvitationsrescinded&
afterprotestsfromstudentsand&
tome,shockingly&
fromseniorfacultyandadministratorswhoshouldknowbetter.
IthappenedatBrandeis,Haverford,Rutgers,andSmith.Lastyear,ithappenedatSwarthmoreandJohnsHopkins,
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