远程英语下辅导1Word下载.docx
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远程英语下辅导1Word下载.docx
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PartIReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
PassageOne
“Ihavegreatconfidencethatbytheendofthedecadewe’llknowinvastdetailhowcancercellsarise,”saysmicrobiologistRobertWeinberg,anexpertoncancer.“But,”hecautions,“somepeoplehavetheideathatonceoneunderstandsthecauses,thecurewillrapidlyfollow.ConsiderPasteur.Hediscoveredthecausesofmanykindsofinfections,butitwasfiftyorsixtyyearsbeforecureswereavailable.”
76)Thisyear,50percentofthe910000peoplewhosufferfromcancerwillsurviveatleastfiveyears.Intheyear2000,theNationalCancerInstituteestimates,thatfigurewillbe75percent.Forsomeskincancers,thefive-yearsurvivalrateisashighas90percent.Butothersurvivalstatisticsarestilldiscouraging–13percentforlungcancer,and2percentforcancerofthepancreas(胰腺).
Withasmanyas120varietiesinexistence,discoveringhowcancerworksisnoteasy.Theresearchersmadegreatprogressintheearly1970s,whentheydiscoveredthatoncogenes,whicharecancer-causinggenes(基因),areinactiveinnormalcells.Anythingfromcosmicraystoradiationtodietmayactivateadormantoncogene,buthowremainsunknown.Ifseveraloncogenesaredrivenintoaction,thecell,unabletoturnthemoff,becomescancerous.
77)Theexactmechanismsinvolvedarestillmysterious,butthelikelihoodthatmanycancersareinitiatedatthelevelofgenessuggeststhatwewillneverpreventallcancers.“Changesareanormalpartoftheevolutionaryprocess,”sayoncologistWilliamHayward.Environmentalfactorscanneverbetotallyeliminated;
asHaywardpointsout,“Wecan’tprepareamedicineagainstcosmicrays.”
Theprospectsforcure,thoughstilldistant,arebrighter.
“First,weneedtounderstandhowthenormalcellcontrolsitself.Second,wehavetodeterminewhethertherearealimitednumberofgenesincellswhicharealwaysresponsibleforaleastpartofthetrouble.Ifwecanunderstandhowcancerworks,wecounteractitsactions.”
1.ThepurposeoftakingtheexampleofPasteuristo______.
A.predictthatthesecretofcancerwillbeexposedinadecade
B.illustratethattheprospectsforcuringcancerarebright
C.provethatcancerwillbecuredintenyears
D.indicatethatthereisstillalongwaytogobeforecancercanbeconquered
2.Bytheyear2000,itispossiblethat_______.
A.therewillbearemedytocureallthecancer.
B.90percentoftheskin-cancerpatientstodaywillstillbeliving
C.thesurvivalstatisticswillbefairlyevenamongpatientswithvariouscancers
D.therewon’tbeadrasticincreaseofsurvivalrateofallcancerpatients
3.Oncogenesarecancer-causinggenes_______.
A.thatarealwaysinoperationinahealthyperson
B.whichremainunharmfulsolongastheyarenotactivated
C.thatcanbedrivenoutofnormalcells
D.whichnormalcellscan’tturnoff
4.Theword“dormant”inthethirdparagraphmostprobablyisreplacedby______.
A.sleepyB.potencialC.deadD.inactive
5.Itcanbeincludedthat_____.
A.oncesomeoneunderstandsthecausesofcancer,thecurewillrapidfollow
B.itisknownthathowtoactivateadormantoncogene
C.theprospectforcuringcancerisnotbrightatall.
D.wecan’tcounteractcancer’sactionunlessweknowhowcancerworks
PassageTwo
KelleyMcKeeofSteelton,Pennsylvania,neverhadanyintentionsoftakingDistanceEducationcourses.Shehadalreadyobtainedacertificateatabusinessschool.Shewasmarried,hadchildrenandworkedasalegalassistant.Butherlifechangedforeverwhenshebrokeherneckandbecameparalyzed.Shewasjust27yearsold.
78)Overtime,Kelleyhaslearnedtomoveherfingersenoughtouseacomputerandtogetarounddailywiththehelpofawheelchair.Althoughthatprogressisnotenoughtoallowhertocontinueherpreviouscareer,otheropportunitieshaveopenedupforher.
Kelleysaid,"
Theaccidentchangedmyoutlookonlife,andIimmediatelylookedtoeducationsinceIhadnodegree."
Mosttraditionalprogramsdidnotallowhertobalancehereducationwithagrowingfamily.Then,KelleyfoundPennStateDistanceEducation.
DistanceEducationishardwork,butmychildrenmakeitallworthwhile.EvenifforsomereasonIcan'
tworkafterobtainingmydegree,Iwillbeaneducatedperson,settingagoodexampleformychildrenandhavinggainedtheknowledgethatcanhelpthemintheirfutureefforts.DistanceEducationhaschangedmylifefromtragedytotriumph,"
shesaid.DistanceEducationaffordsmeanopportunitytopursuemyowngoalsandpersonalwork.Myeducationisseparatefrommy"
issuesregardingmydisabilityormyfamilylifeandcaringformychildren."
CommentingonMcKee'
sexperience,GaryE.Miller,vicepresidentforDistanceEducationanddirectoroftheWorldCampus,noted,"
Kelley'
sstoryisawonderfulreminderabouttheimpactofDistanceEducationonthelivesofourstudentswhocannotmeettheirneedsthroughtraditionalon-campusprograms."
JaneIreland,academicadvisorforDistanceEducationandtheWorldCampus,added:
"
KelleyremindsusofthemissionwehaveinDistanceEducation--tobringaqualityeducationandexperiencetostudentsregardlessoftheirgeographicvocationorlifecircumstances.Kelleyisawonderfulexampleforusofthegreateffectwehaveonthelivesofagreatmanystudentswhotrulyneedaccesstoeducation."
Kelleyisasuccessfulstudent,carryingcreditseachsemester.Sheplanstocompleteherbachelor'
sdegreeinletters,arts,andsciences,thencontinueontoobtainanonlinemaster'
sdegree.
Aftergraduation,McKeehopestoworkwithinjuredordisabledindividuals,possiblyincounselinginarehabilitationsetting.JaneIrelandhasnodoubtKelleywillachievehergoals.
79)Kelleyisthankfultoheroutstandinginstructorsandanumberofstudentsupportservices,includingfinancialaid,disabilityservicesandvocationalrehabilitation.Manyofthesefacultyandstaff,however,saythatitisKelleyMcKeewhohasbeenoutstanding.
SusanWaitkus,instructorinEnglishatPennState'
sDuBoisCampus,stated,Kelleyinspiresnotonlyotherstudents,butalsofacultyfortunateenoughtoknowher.Sheremindsushowprivilegedwearetoteach."
6.KellyMcKeedidn’tthinkoftakingDistanceEducationcoursesbecause_______.
A.takingdistanceEducationCourseswasalotofwork
B.shewassatisfiedwithherpreviouseducation
C.therewasnothingsheparticularlywantedtolearn
D.shehadasuitableeducationforherpreviouscareer
7.Kelley’slifewaschangedsomuchbytheaccidentthatshe_______.
A.neededconstanthelpindailylife
B.couldn’tlivewithoutherdoctor’shelp
C.neededtouseawheelchair
D.hadtohireapersontotakecareofher
8.Kelleydidn’tchoosetraditionaleducationbecause_______.
A.shedidn’tlikeit
B.herfamilyneededherathome
C.itwouldn’ttakemarriedstudents
D.shewasdisabled
9.DistanceEducationwasofgreatimportancetoKellybecause______.
A.shecouldbecomeabettereducatedperson
B.shecouldsetagoodexampletoherchildrenandhelpthem
C.shecouldhaveotheropportunitiestoworkandachievehergoals
D.alloftheabove
10.Accordingtotheacademicadvisorsfordistanceeducation,theirmissionis_______.
A.tohelpanystudentwhocannotgotothecampustohavequalityeducation
B.toprovidethestudentswiththebesteducationtheycanofferonthecampus
C.tobringeducationtoagreatgeographicdistanceusingmoderntechnology
D.tohelpdisabledstudentswhocannototherwisehavetheireducation
PassageThree
Asaresource,theWorldWideWeb(Web)containshugeamountsofinformation.TheWebisextensive,relativelyeasytoaccess,andprovidesvirtuallyunlimitedinformation.Anexcellentresourcetogainknowledge,theWebisleadingthe"
informationrevolution"
.Ithasmadeahugedifferenceintheworld,andwillcontinuetodoso.Whenyouneedcurrentinformationandyouneeditnow,thereisnoalternative.
Overthepast12yearsIhavebeeninvolvedintechnologyresearch.Originally,IobtainedsoftwareinformationfromprintedreferencematerialsandthenfromCDs.TheadventoftheWebasaresearchtoolhasgreatlyexpandedtheavailabilityofinformationwhilereducingtheamountoftimeneededoneachtask.
ThemajorityofmytimeontheWebinvolveslookinguptechnicalcomputerinformation,whichIuseforteachingMicrosoftapplicationsclassesandprovidingtechnicaladviceatwork.Outsideofwork,Ireallylikefollowingallaspectsofthefinancialworld,andtheWebhasturnedintoagreatresourceforthishobby.
Ican'
timaginebeingwithoutit.Althoughittakestimetosiftthroughthemultitudeofsources,IfindthatafteryearsofuseIcanquicklyanalyzethesearchresultstofindthemostappropriatesite.TheamountofinformationontheWebisstaggering,soitisimportanttorememberwhatitisyouaresearchingforandnotgetsidetracked.
TheWebisawonderfulresourcewhenyoucansubstantiatethattheinformationprovidedisaccurateandtrue.Likeanyotherresource,theWebhasgoodandnotsogoodinformationtoshare.Dependingonwhatyouarelookingfor,youhavetojudgeforyourselfhowrelevantthematerialisforyou.Itisimportant
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