初中英语近义词辨析中考复习Word文件下载.docx
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初中英语近义词辨析中考复习Word文件下载.docx
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officer部队的军官,official政府官员anarmyofficer
11.work,job
二者均指工作。
work不可数,job可数agoodjob
12.couple,pair
couple主要指人或动物,pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers
13.country,nation,state,land
country侧重指版图,疆域,nation指人民,国民,民族,state侧重指政府,政体,land国土,国家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.
14.police,policeman
police警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词,policeman指某个具体的警察Thepolicearequestioningeveryoneinthehouse.
15.problem,question
problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask,answer连用.
16.chick,chicken
二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉Thechickenisdelicious.
17.trip,journey,travel,voyage
travel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍长的旅途,voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip
18.sport,game
sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等;
game指决定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则Hisfavoritesportisswimming.
19.price,prize
price价格,prize奖,奖品,奖金winthefirstprize,Thepriceishigh/low.
20.anumberof,thenumberof
anumberof许多,谓语动词用复数。
thenumberof…的数目,谓语动词用单数。
Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.
21.infrontof,inthefrontof
infrontof范围外的前面,inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.
22.threeofus,thethreeofus
threeofus我们(不止三个)中的三个,thethreeofus我们三个(就三个人)Thethreeofus---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.
23.bybus,onthebus
bybus表手段,方式,不用冠词,onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.
24.nextyear,thenextyear
nextyear将来时间状语,thenextyear过去将来时间状语Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.
25.inplaceof,intheplaceof
inplaceof代替,intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.
26.agirl,onegirl
agirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一个女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox
27.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher
thedoctorandteacher指一个人,既是医生又是老师,thedoctorandtheteacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师thedoctorandteacheris
28.inbed,onthebed
inbed卧在床上,onthebed在床上Thebookisonthebed.Heisillinbed.
29.inchargeof,inthechargeof
inchargeof管理,负责照料,inthechargeof由……照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher.
30.inclass,intheclass
inclass在课上,intheclass在班级里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.
31.asecond,thesecond
asecond又一,再一,thesecond第……Hewonthesecondprize.
32.it,one
it同一物体,one同类不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.
33.that,this
that指代上文所提到的,this导出下文所要说的Iwasill.That'
swhy…
34.none,nothing,noone
none强调有多少,nothing,noone强调有没有,nothing指物,noone指人
---Howmany…/Howmuch…---None.
35.anyone,anyone
anyone指人,不能接of,anyone指人物均可,可接ofanyoneofyou
36.who,what
who指姓名或关系,what指职业或地位WhatisyourdadHeisateacher.
37.what,which
what的选择基础是无限制的,which在一定范围内进行选择
Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples
38.other,another
other后接名词复数,another后接名词单数otherstudents,anotherstudent
39.many,much,alotof
many和可数名词连用,much和不可数名词连用,alotof可数,不可数均可,但不用于否定句Ihaven'
tmanybooks.
40.muchmore…than,manymore…than
muchmore…than后接形容词或不可数名词,manymore…than后接可数名词manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful
41.no,not
no=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater
42.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneself
byoneself单独的,独自的,foroneself为自己,tooneself供自己用的,ofoneself自行的,
自动的Thedooropenedofitself.
43.atall,afterall
atall根本,全然,afterall到底,毕竟Afterallheisachild.
44.tall,high
tall常指人或动物,high常指物体Heistall.
45.fast,quickly
fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点,quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly
46.healthy,healthful
healthy健康的,健壮的,healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise
47.sleeping,asleep,sleepy
sleeping正在睡觉,asleep睡着,熟睡,只能做表语,sleepy困的,有睡意的
asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.I'
msleepy.
48.just,very
just表强调时是副词,作状语,very表强调时是形容词,用作定语theveryman,justtheman
49.real,true
real真的,真实的,指的是事实上存在而不是想象的,true真的,真正的,指的是事实和实际情况相符合realgold,atruestory
50.pleasant,pleased,pleasing
pleasant常用作定语,pleased,pleasing常用作表语,pleased主语常为人,
pleasing主语常为物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.
51.ill,sick
ill做表语,sick定,表均可asickboy
52.good,well
good形容词,well副词,但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain.
53.quiet,silent,still
quiet安静的,可以发出小的声音,silent不发出声音,但可以动,still完全不动,完全无声响Hestandtherestill.他站在那儿,一动不动,也不说话。
54.hard,hardly
hard努力,hardly几乎不workhardIcanhardlybelieveit.
55.almost,nearly
二者均为"
几乎,差不多"
和否定词连用用almostalmostnobody
56.late,lately
late迟,晚,lately最近,近来Ihaven'
tseenhimlately.
57.living,alive,live,lively
living,alive,live均为活着的,living定表均可,alive定表均可,定语后置,live只能做定语,lively意为活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive
58.excited,exciting
excited使人兴奋的,exciting令人兴奋的I'
mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.
59.aloud,loud
aloud出声地,loud大声地readaloud(出声地读)
60.worth,worthy
二者均为值得,worth后接doing,worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdone
Itisworthvisiting.=It'
sworthytobevisited.=It'
sworthyofbeingvisited.
61.bad,badly
bad形容词,badly副词,不好,但与need,want,require连用为"
很,非常"
gobad
Ineedthebookbadly.
62.beforelong,longbefore
beforelong不久以后,longbefore很久以前notlongbefore=beforelong
63.quite,rather
quite完全地,相当于completely,rather修饰比较级quiteimpossible
64.happy,glad
happy高兴,幸福,定表均可,glad高兴,只能做表语ahappygirl
65.instead,insteadof
instead是副词,放在句首或句末,insteadof是介词短语,放在句中
Hedidn'
tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.?
HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.
66.toomuch,muchtoo
toomuch后接不可数名词,muchtoo后接形容词muchtooheavy
67.raise,rise
raise及物动词,rise不及物动词Thesunrisesintheeast.
68.bring,take,carry,fetch
bring拿来,take带走,carry随身携带,fetch去回这一往返动作fetchaboxofchalk
69.spend,take,pay,cost
spend人做主语,花钱,花时间;
spend…onsth./indoingsth;
take物做主语,花时间;
pay人做主语,花钱,payfor;
cost物做主语,花钱
70.join,joinin,takepartin
join加入某个组织,并成为其中的一员;
joinin参加小型活动,joinsb.in;
takepartin参加大型的活动Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.
71.learn,study
learn学习,侧重学习的结果,study学习,侧重学习的过程,研究
studytheproblem
72.want,hope,wish
want打算,想要,wanttodo,wantsb.todo,hope希望(通常可以实现),hopetodo/hopethat…wish希望(通常不能实现)wish(sb.)todo,wishsb/sth.+n.Iwishyousuccess.
73.discover,invent,findout
discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西,invent发明本来不存在的物体,
findout发现,查明Atlasthefoundoutthetruth.
74.answer,reply
answer及物动词,reply不及物动词,后接toreplytotheletter
75.leave,leavefor
leave离开,leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai.
76.rob,steal
rob抢劫robsb.ofsth.,steal偷stealsth.fromsb.
77.shoot,shootat
shoot射死,shootat瞄准,但不一定射中Heshotthebirdanditdied.
78.drop,fall
drop及物不及物均可,fall不及物动词Pricesfell/dropped.Hedroppedhisvoice.
79.search,searchfor
search后接地点,searchfor后接东西Hesearchedhispocketformoney.
80.usedto,beusedto
usedto过去常常,beusedto习惯于,后接sth./doingsth.;
被用来,后接dosth.Heisusedtogettingupearly.
81.win,lose,beat
win后接sth.,反义词为lose,beat后接sb.winthegame,beatthem
82.liveon,liveby
liveon以…为主食,liveby靠…谋生liveonfish/livebyfishing
83.beat,hit,strike
beat连续性地击打;
hit打中,对准打;
strike打一下或若干下beatthewings
84.lose,miss
lose失去(具体的物体),错过sth.islost,losethechance;
miss想念,错过sth.ismissing,missthechance
85.careabout,carefor
careabout关心,计较,在乎,一般多用于否定句中;
carefor关心,照料,喜欢,愿意
Hedoesn'
tcareabouthisclothes.Idon'
tcareformovies.
86.catchacold,haveacold
catchacold不能和表示"
一段时间"
的状语连用,而haveacold可以
Shehashadacoldforaweek.
87.continue,last
二者均为持续,continue主动,被动均可,last只能用主动Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.
88.feed,raise
feed喂养,养活,饲养(togivefoodto),raise饲养,养育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)
raisethefamily
89.goforadoctor,gotoadoctor
goforadoctor去请医生,gotoadoctor去看病
90.notice,observe,catchsightof
notice注意到,observe观察,仔细地看,catchsightof突然看到observethestars
91.look,seem,appear
look指从外表上看,seem指内心的判断,appear指给人以表面的印象appearwise,
looklikehisfather
92.gather,collect
gather把分散的东西集中到一起,collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集collectstamps
93.diefrom,dieof
diefrom表示死于(枪)伤,虚弱,过度劳累,饮食过度等,dieof表示死于疾病,饥饿,
寒冷,年老,忧愁,失恋等精神因素dieofhungerandcold
94.divide,separate
divide把一个整体分成几部分,separate把连在一起的个体分开
dividetheapple,separatethehouses
95.arrive,get,reach
arrive不及物动词,后接in(大地点),at(小地点),get不及物动词后接to,reach及物动词
arriveinBeijing,gettoBeijing,reachBeijing
96.grow,plant
grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去,plant移植,移栽已经长成秧苗的植物
plantthetrees,treesaregrowing
97.manage,try
managetodo设法做成了某事,trytodo尽力去做某事但不一定成功
Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed.
98.build,putup,setup,found
build一般用语,建成,putup临时搭建,setup建成(内部的设施基本齐全),
found国家或组织的建成putupatent,setupaschool
99.befamiliarto,befamiliarwith
befamiliarto某物对某人来说是熟悉的,befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物
Thebookisfamiliartome.I'
mfamiliarwiththebook.
100.agreewith,agreeto,agreeon
agreewith同意某人,agreeto同意某事,agreeon在…上达成一致意见,主语是复数agreewithyou,agreetotheplan
101.throwto,throwat
throwto扔到…,throwat朝…扔Hethrowastoneatme.
102.receive,accept
receive收到某一东西,但不一定接受,accept接受Ireceivedagift,butIdidn'
tacceptit.
103.wear,puton,dress
wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时,dress接人,bedressedin,puton表动作
It'
scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes.
104.listen,
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