普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟卷Word文件下载.docx

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟卷Word文件下载.docx

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第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；

每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Stillseekingadestinationforyourweekendbreak?

Therearesomeplaceswhichareprobablyamerewalkawayfromyourcollege.

King’sArtCentre

AdayattheCentrecouldmeanavisittoanexhibitionoftheworkofoneofthemostinterestingcontemporaryartistsonshowanywhere.Thisweekendseestheopeningofanexhibitionoffourlocalartists.

Youcouldattendaclassteachingyouhowto"

learnfromthemasters"

orgetmorecreativewithpaint-freeofcharge.

TheCentrealsorunstwolifedrawingclassesforwhichthereisasmallfee.

TheBotanicGarden

TheGardenhasover8,000plantspecies；

itholdstheresearchandteachingcollectionoflivingplantsforCambridgeUniversity.

Themulti-branchedTorchAloehereisimpressive.TheAfricanplantproducesredflowersaboveblue-greenleaves,andisnotonetomiss.

GettothedisplayhousetoseeDionaeamuscipula,aplantmorecommonlyknownastheVenusFlytrapthatfeedsoninsectsandothersmallanimals.

TheGardenisalsoaplaceforwildlife-enthusiasts.Lookforgrasssnakesinthelake.Asnakecalled“HissingSid"

isregularlyseenlyingintheheatofthewarmsun.

Byron'

sPool

ManystoriessurroundLordByron'

stimeasastudentofCambridgeUniversity.Arrivingin1805,hewrotealettercomplainingthatitwasaplaceof“messanddrunkenness"

.However,itseemsasthoughByrondidmanagetopassthetimepleasantlyenough.I'

mnotjusttalkingaboutthepetbearhekeptinhisrooms.Hespentagreatdealoftimewalkinginthevillage.

ItisalsosaidthatonoccasionByronswamnakedbymoonlightinthelake,whichisnowknownasByron’sPool.AcoupleofmilespastGrantchesterinthesouthCambridgeshirecountryside,thepoolissurroundedbybeautifulcircularpathsaroundthefields.Thecriesofinvisiblebirdsmakethetripalovelyexperienceandonthewayhomeyoucandropintothevillageforafternoontea.Ifyoudon'

ttrustme,thenperhapsyou'

lltakeitfromVirginiaWoolf—overacenturyafterByron,shereportedlytookatriptoswiminthesamepool.

1.Asmentionedinthepassage,thereisasmallchargefor.

A.attendingthemasters!

classB.learninglifedrawing

C.workingwithlocalartistsD.seeinganexhibition

2."

TorchAloe"

and"

VenusFlytrap"

are.

A.commoninsectsB.rarely-seensnakes

C.impressiveplantsD.wildlife-enthusiasts

3.WecaninferfromthepassagethatByronseemed.

A.tofearpetbearsB.tolikewalking

C.tobeaheavydrinkerD.tofinishuniversityin1805

B

TradersdesperatetoavoidowningoilfledthemarketsonApril27,2020,sendingcrude（JM油）futuresintonegativeterritoryforthefirsttimeever,inrecognitionthattheCOVID-19pandemichasweakeneddemandforfuelandthereisnotenoughstorageforthemassiveglut（供过于求）ofoilpresentonUSsoil.

InvestorssoldtheMayfuturescontractduetoexpire（期满）onTuesdayinaseriesofwaves.Atonepoint,thecontracthitnegative$40.Whenthetradingstopped,crudeoilhadfinishedthedayatanegative$37.63abarrel,adeclineofsome305percent,or$55.90abarrel.

Thatunwantedoilisinsteadgoingintostorage,butintheUnitedStates,storageisfillingupmuchmorequicklythanexpected.Cushing,Oklahoma,thetinytownoflessthan10,000peoplethatservesasthemainUSstoragecentre,was70percentfullasoflastweek,andtraderssayitwillbefullwithintwoweeks.

Thepricedeclineisgoodnewsfordriverspullinguptothepumpforafill-up,butbadnewsforhydraulicfrackerswhoneedhighercrudeoilpricesofabout$30to$40abarreltooperateprofitably.

USstocksdroppedonMondayasinvestorssurveyedtheeconomicdamageandconsideredgloomyprospectsforasustainedreboundasoilpriceshitthebottomofthebarrel.

OnMonday,theDowJonesIndustrialAveragelost2.44percent,andclosedat23,650.44.TheS&

P500slipped1.79percent,whiletheNasdaqCompositefell1.03percent.

4.Tradersfledtheoilmarketsbecauseof.

A.theCOVID-19pandemicB.nodemandforfuel

C.sufficientstoragefortheglutofoilD.noinvestment

5.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph5?

A.Hopeful.B.Great.C.Poor.D.Little.

6.What'

sthemainideaofthispassage?

A.TheeffectsofthenegativeUSoilprice.

B.ThefactsofUSstocks.

C.ThereactiontothenegativeUSoilprice.

D.ThesituationofthenegativeUSoilprice.

7.Fromwhichpartofthenewspaperisthepassageprobablytaken?

A.Scienceandtechnology.B.Economy.

C.Health.D.Culture.

C

ThefirstorganizedsystemforsendingmessagesbeganinEgyptaround1500B.C.Thissystemdevelopedbecausethepharaohs（法老）frequentlyneededtosendmessagesupanddowntheNileRiverinordertokeeptheirempirerunningsmoothly.Later,thePersiansdevelopedamoreefficientsystemforsendingmessagesusingmenandhorses.MessagecarriersrodealongtheroadsystemstretchingfromoneendofthePersianEmpiretotheother.Alongtheseroads,freshmenandhorseswaitedatspecialstationstotakeandpassalonganymessagesthatneededtobesent.Thestationswhereriderspassedmessagesbackandforthwerebuilt23kilometersapart,sothemenandhorseswereabletotravelquicklybetweenthem.TheRomanslatertookupthisideaandimproveditbyusingamoreadvancedandextensiveroadsystem.

InChina.however,KublaiKhanhadbuiltuphisownsystemfordeliveringmessages.ThissystemworkedinthesamebasicwayastheRomansystem.ThedifferencewasthatKublaiKhankept300,000horsesalongtheroadsofthisdeliverylines.Therewereover10,000stationswhereamessagewouldbepassedfromoneridertoanotherwithafreshhorse.Inthisway,KublaiKhancouldreceivemessagesfromanywhereinthecountryinonlyafewdays.

Itwasnotuntilthe1500sthatawell-organizedpostalsystemappearedagaininEurope.Onefamily,thevonTaxisfamily,gainedtherighttodelivermailfortheHolyRomanEmpireandpartsofSpain.Thisfamilycontinuedtocarrymail,bothgovernmentandprivate,throughoutEuropeforalmost300years.

In1653,aFrenchman,RenouardduVelayer,establishedasystemfordeliveringpostinParis.Postalchargesatthattimewerepaidbytherecipient,butdeVelayer'

ssystemwasuniquebyallowingthesendertopre-paythecharges,inasimilarwaytothemodernstamp.Unfortunately,deVelayer’ssystemcametoanendwhenjealouscompetitorsputlivemiceinhisletterboxes,ruininghisbusiness.Eventually,government-controlledpostalsystemstookoverfromprivatepostalbusinesses,andbythe1700sgovernmentownershipofmostpostalsystemsinEuropewasanacceptedfactoflife.

Thethingthatalltheseearlysystemshadincommonwasthattheywerequiteexpensiveforpublicuse,andwereintendedforusebythegovernmentandthewealthy.However,in1840,aBritishschoolteachernamedRolandHillsuggestedintroducingpostagestamps,andapostalratebasedonweight.Thisresultedinloweringpostalrates,encouragingmorepeopletousethesystemtostayintouchwitheachother.HisideahelpedtheBritishpostalsystembegintoearn

profitsasearlyas1850.SoonafterthatmanyothercountriestookupMr.Hill'

sidea.Andletterwritingbecameaccessibletoanyonewhocouldwrite.Today,theRolandHillawardsaregiveneachyearto"

encourageandrewardfreshideaswhichhelppromotephilately"

（（stampcollecting））.

8.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A.Howinternationalletterstravel.

B.Asurprisingmethodfordeliveringmail.

C.Thehistoryofpostalsystems.

D.Changesinthemethodsofcommunication.

9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutRenouarddeVelayeristrue?

A.Hiswasagovernment-controlledsystem.

B.Hiscompetitorsdestroyedhisbusiness.

C.Hissystemlastedforhundredsofyears.

D.Inhissystem,thepersonwhoreceivedtheletterpaidthepostagefees.

10.Whichofthesystemsmentionedinthepassagewasmostlikethepostalsystemtoday?

A.Egyptian.B.Chinese.

C.deVelayer'

s.D.vonTaxis’s.

11.WhatwasRolandHill'

sgreatestachievement?

A.Hemadeletterwritingaccessibletotheaverageperson.

B.HemadealotofmoneyfortheBritishpostalsystem.

C.Hemadestampcollectingapopularhobby.

D.Hewonanawardforletterwriting.

D

TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangereleasedareportstatingthattheworldisquicklyrunningoutoftimetokeepglobalwarmingbelow1.5degreesCelsius.Togetthere,theworldwouldhavetocutcurrentemissionsby45percentby2030.Thatsoundsabsurdlyunlikely.

Butbeforewegiveintodespair,weshouldrememberthatthetechnologytoaddressclimatechangeisgoingalongatahighspeed.ThelargestsourceofU.S.carbonemissionsistransportation,andaGreenNewDealformotorvehicleswouldbequitestraightforward.

Thereasonissimple:

withsomesubsidies（补贴），electriccarsandbusesarenowcost-competitivewithfossil-fuelvehicles.Electricbuseshavemadethegreatestspeedintothemarket,becausetheyarealogicalchoiceforelectrification.Bytheendof2018,electricvehiclesweredisplacingabout280.000barrelsofoildemandperday——about84percentofwhichwasduetobuses.

Buttheelectriccarmarketisalsoreachingmaturity（成熟），withappealingdesigns,longerrange,andaquickly-expandingrapidchargingnetworkinmanycountries.It’sworthemphasizingthatmostoftheinfrastructure（基础设施）necessarytorechargeelectricvehiclesalreadyexists.Peopleoftente