届高三英语 阅读专题 推理判断题教案文档格式.docx

届高三英语 阅读专题 推理判断题教案文档格式.docx

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（1）Fromparagraph4wecaninferthat./Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

/Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat.

（2）Wecaninferfromthetextthat…/Whatcanwelearnfrom…?

/Wecanconcludefromthe

passagethat…

（3）Thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat.

　（4）Theauthorimpliesthatbytheyear2080,.

　（5）Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould.

（6）Theauthormentionsthefactthat…toshow.

（7）Thispassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin_________?

（8）Theauthor’sattitudetoward…is_________?

（9）Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas_________?

以下介绍几种常见的推理判断题型：

1．细节推断题

要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件、具体信息等。

考生要从文章本身所提供的信息出发，抓住关键的信息词，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。

例题：

（2008年全国卷I、IIB篇）

MONTREAL（Reuters）–CrossingtheUS-Canadaborder（边界）togotochurchonaSundaycostaUScitizen$10,000forbreakingWashington’sstrictnewsecurity（安全）rules.

TheexpensivetriptochurchwasasurpriseforRichardAlbert,wholivesrightontheCanadianborder.Liketheotherhalf-dozenpeopleofTownship15,crossingtheborderisadailyoccurrenceforAlbert.ThenearbyQuebecvillageofSt.Pamphileiswheretheyshop,eatandgotochurch.…

59.WelearnfromthetextthatRichardAlbertis_______.

A.anAmericanlivinginTownship15 

B.aCanadianlivinginaQuebecvillage

C.aCanadianworkinginacustomsstation

D.anAmericanworkinginaCanadianchurch

2．因果推断题

根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因或根据已有的原因推断可能的结果。

考生要准确掌握文章的内涵，理解文章的真正含义。

最关键的是要找准事物间存在的因果关系信息，根据已有信息，进行分析判断推理，从而推出最符合逻辑的原因或判断出最可能导致的结果。

例题1：

60.Albertwasfinedbecausehe________

A.failedtoobeytrafficrules.B.broketheAmericansecurityrules.

C.workedinSt.Pamphilewithoutapass.

D.damagedthegateofthecustomsoffice.

例题2：

（2008年全国高考—福建卷A篇）

writer.

NotonlydidPaulZindelwinaPulitzerPrizeaswellasanObiePrizeforhis1970playTheEffectofGammaRaysonMan-in-the-MoonMarigolds,butbewasoneoftheearliestwritersinthefieldofcontemporary（当代的）literatureforyoungadults（成人）.ThePigman,publishedin1968,isstilloneofthemostwell-knownandwidely-taughtnovelsinthegenre.TheAmericanLibraryAssociationhasnameditoneofthe100BestoftheBestBooksforYoungAdultspublishedbetween1967and1992,andZindel’sautobiography,ThePigmanandMe,wasamongthe100BestoftheBestBookspublishedforteenagersduringthelastpartofthetwentiethcentury.SixofZindel’sbooks,infact,havebeenvotedtheBestBooksforYoungAdults,andmostofhisrecenthorrorbooks-suchasTheDoomStoneandRats-havebeenchosenasQuickPicksforReluctantYoungAdultReaders.Clearly,hewasawriterwhoknewhowtointerestcontemporarychildren.Recognizingthat,theAmericanLibraryAssociationin2002honoredPaulZindelwiththeMargaretA.EdwardsPrizeforhislifetimeachievements,andlaterthatsameyearhewaspresentedwiththeALANPrizeforhiscontributionstoYoungAdultLiterature.Withhispassing,youngreaders,teachers,andlibrarianshavelostagreatfriend.

57.WhywasPaulZindelhonoredwiththeMargaretA.EdwardsPrize?

A.Hisbookswerewidelyreadbychildren.

B.Hisbookswereinterestingandhelpfultoadults.

C.Hemadegreatcontributionstocontemporaryliterature.

D.Hewroteanumberofhorrorbooksforyoungadults.

3．作者或故事人物态度及观点等推断题

做这一类题时一定注意：

（1）由表及里地准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点。

（2）特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情，态度观点的词语。

要特别注意作者在文章中的措辞，尤其是感情色彩的形容词。

（3）能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。

（2008年全国高考—安徽卷E篇）

Parentsshouldstopblamingthemselvesbecausethere’snotalottheycandoaboutit.Imeantheteenager（十几岁的孩子）problem.Whateveryoudoorhoweveryouchoosetodealwithit,atcertaintimesawonderful,reasonableandhelpfulchildwillturnintoaterribleanimal.

I’veseenfriendsdealwithitinallkindsofdifferentways.Onestrictmotherinsistedthatherson,rightfromachild,shouldstandupwheneveranyoneenteredtheroom,opendoorsandshakehandslikeagentleman.IsawhimlastweekwhenIcalledround.Sprawlinghimself（懒散地躺）onthesofainfulllength,hemadenoattempttoturnofftheloudTVhewaswatchingasIwalkedin,andhisgreetingwasnomorethanaquickglanceatme.Hismotherwasashamed.“Idon’tknowwhattodowithhimthesedays,”shesaid.“He’sforgottenallthemannerswetaughthim.”

Hehasn’tforgottenthem.He’sjustdecidedthathe’snotgoingtousethem.Sheconfessed（坦白）thatshewouldliketocomeupbehindhimandthrowhimdownfromthesofaontothefloor.

Anothergoodfriendofminelethertwodaughtersclimballoverthefurniture,reachacrossthetable,stareatmeandsay,“Idon’tlikeyourdress;

it’sugly.”Oneofthedaughtershasrecentlybeendrivenoutofschool.Theotherhaslefthome.

“Wheredidwegowrong?

”herparentsarenowverysad.Probablynowheremuch.Atleast,nomorethantherestofthatunfortunaterace,parents.

73.Theboyonthesofawouldmostprobablybedescribedas______.

A.lazyB.quietG.unusualD.rude

74.Fromthesecondexamplewecaninferthattheparentsofthetwodaughters______.

A.paynoattentiontothemB.aretoobusytolookafterthem

C.havecometohatethemD.feelhelplesstodomuchaboutthem

75.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutthesuddenchangeinteenagechildren?

A.Parentshavenochoicebuttotrytoacceptit.

B.Parentsshouldpaystillsoreattentiontothechange.

C.Parentsshouldworkmorecloselywithschoolteachers.

D.Parentsareatfaultforthechangeintheirchildren.

（2008年全国高考—北京卷C篇）

Howcouldwepossiblythinkthatkeepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments－mostlyforentertainmentpurposes－isfairandrespectful?

…

Theanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspaces,withnoprivacyandlittleopportunityformentalandphysicalexercise.Thisresultsinunusualandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis.Aworldwidestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosisiscommonamonganimalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebars,andbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforth,asignofunhappinessandpain.…

64.Howwouldtheauthordescribetheanimals’lifeinzoos?

A.Dangerous.B.Unhappy.C.Natural.D.Easy.

（2010年·

江西卷）

Moderninventionshavespeededuppeople’slivesamazingly.

Allthissavestime,butataprice.Whenweloseorgainhalfadayinspeedingacrosstheworldinanairplane,ourbodiestellusso.Wegettheuncomfortablefeelingknownasjetlag;

ourbodiesfeelthattheyhavebeenleftbehindinanothertimezone.

However,whatdowedowiththetimewehavesaved?

Certainlynotrelax,orsoitseems.Wearesoaccustomedtoconstantactivitythatwefinditdifficulttositanddonothing，orevenjustonethingatatime.

...wemustthinkofthehardtasksourancestorfaced:

theyfarmedwithbarehands,oftenlivedclosetohunger,andhadtofashiontoolsfromwoodandstone.Modernmachineryhasfreedpeoplefromthatprimitiveexistence.

70．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthemoderntechnology?

A．Critical.B．Objective.C．Optimistic.D．Negative.

天津卷）

Inthekitchenofmymother’shousestherehasalwaysbeenawoodenstand（木架）withasmallnotepad（记事本）andaholeforapencil.

“I’mjustamazedyoustillhavethesamestandforholdingthepadandpencilafteralltheseyears.”

Mymotherrepliesalittlesharply.“Itworksperfectlywell.I’vealwayskeptthestandinthekitchen.IneverknewwhenImightwanttonotedownanidea...”

ImmediatelyIcanpictureher,hairwild,bluehousecoatcoveredinflour,awoodenspooninonehand,thepencilintheother,hermouthmovingsilently.Mymothersmilesandsays,“OnedayIwascookingandwatchingbabyPauline,andIhadabrilliantthought...Ijustpickedupthebreadboardandwroteitalldownontheback.ItturnedouttobearealbreakthroughforsolvingthemathematicalproblemIwasworkingon.”

Thisstory—whichhappenedbeforeIwasborn—remindsmehowextraordinarymymotherwas,andisalsoagiftedmathematician.

47．Whatistheauthor’soriginalopinionaboutthewoodenstand?

A．Ithasgreatvalueforthefamily.B．Itneedstobereplacedbyabetterone.

C．Itbringsherbacktoherlonelychildhood.

D．Itshouldbepassedontothenextgeneration.

50．Intheauthor’smind，hermotheris________

A．strangeinbehavior.B．keenonherresearch.

C．fondofcollectingoldthings.D．carelessaboutherappearance.

4．篇章结构推断题

（2008年全国高考—湖北卷A篇）

　Haveyoueverwonderedwhybirdssing?

Maybeyouthoughtthattheywerejusthappy.Afterall,youprobablysingorwhistlewhenyouarehappy.

　　Somescientistsbelievethatbirdsdosingsomeofthetimejustbecausetheyarehappy.However,theysingmostofthetimeforaverydifferentreason.Theirsingingisactuallyawarningtootherbirdstostayoutoftheirterritory.…

59.Howdoesthewriterexplainbirds’singing?

A.Bycomparingbirdswithhumanbeings.B.Byreportingexperimentresults.

C.Bydescribingbirds’dailylife.D.Bytellingabird’sstory.

（2008年全国高考—浙江卷C篇）

Inthecourseofworkingmywaythroughschool,ItookmanyjobsIwouldratherforget.Butnoneofthesejobswasasdreadfulasmyjobinanappleplant.Theworkwashard;

thepaywaspoor;

and,mostofall,theworkingconditionswereterrible.

Firstofall,thejobmadehugedemandsonmy