杜威十进制图书分类法 Dewey Decimal System of Classification.docx
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杜威十进制图书分类法 Dewey Decimal System of Classification.docx
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杜威十进制图书分类法DeweyDecimalSystemofClassification
DeweyDecimalSystemofClassification
In1876MelvilDeweydevisedanumberingsystemusingnumbers000-999fortenbroadsubjectclassesofnonfictionbooks.Eachsubjectclass(ex.:
500forscience)wasdividedintotendivisions,andeachdivisionwasthensubdividedintorelatedtopics.Thisarrangementallowsforeveryknownsubject,aswellasnewsubjects,tobeclassified.Robots,spacetravelandtelevisionareexamplesofrecenttopicsnotknowntoMr.Deweyin1876.Yethisnumberingplanexpandstoaccommodatetheirinclusioninthetechnologyclassandwillcontinuetoincludenewlyinventedtopicsintheirsubjectclasses.TheDeweyDecimalClassificationoutlineonp.3showsexamplesofmainclasses,divisionsandsubdivisions.
ItwouldbeusefultoyouasamediaassistanttolearnthetenmainDeweyclassesandtrytoremembersometopicsincludedineachclass.Forexample,the600’sTechnology,includeinventionsand“man-made”sciencetopics,andthe500’sPureScience,includenature,theuniverse,andmathematics.Libraryuserswillfrequentlyaskquestionsofyouconcerningthelocationofsuchgeneraltopics.Asyouworkinthemediacollection,observethegroupingofsimilarsubjectsandtheirDeweynumbers.
Whenanonfictionbookoritemofmediaarrivesinthelibrary,itmustbeassignedaclassificationnumberandbeprocessedbeforebeingplacedontheshelfforcirculation.ThelibrariansselectstheDeweyclassificationnumberwhichidentifiesthesubjectortopicsinthebook,ifthepublisherhasnotassignedtheclassificationnumberatpublication.Fromtheassignedclassificationnumberandthefirstthreelettersoftheauthor’slastname,acallnumberisderivedtogivethebookoritemashelflocationinthemediacollection.Forexample,SportsandGames,bytheauthorHaroldKeith,wouldbeassignedtheDeweyclassificationnumber796,andthelettersKeiwouldbeplacedunderthenumbertoderivethecallnumberorshelflocation796Kei.Onestepinprocessinganewbookisattachingthespinelabelonthelowerportionofthespineofthebookbeforeitisplacedinnumbericalorderwithotheritemsinthe796subdivision.Supposethe790locationinthe700’ssectionhadthefollowingcallnumbersalreadyinplace:
790790.1793794.5794.8796.35
BerThoAdaByrHolAlb
Youwouldplace796before796.35because796islessthan796.35
KeiAlb
Inyourmathclassthenumber796.35wouldbeexplained:
sevenhundredninety-sixandthirty-fivehundredths.
Inthelibrarywewouldsay:
sevenhundredninetysixpointthirtyfive.
Decimalsareusedinsubdivisionnumberstogivesimilarsubjectstheirownspecificnumbers.Forexample:
796.3Ballgames
796.31Ballthrownorhitbyhand(bowling,handball)
796.32Inflatedballthrownorhitbyhand(basketball)
796.33Inflatedballdrivebyfoot(football)
796.34Balldrivebyclubormallet(polo,croquet)
796.352Golf
796.357Baseball
Itisimportanttounderstandtheplacevalueofeachdigitinadecimalnumber.Anumberwithseveraldigitsmayhaveasmallervaluethananumberwithfewerdigits.Materialsarealwaysarrangedinorderbynumbericalvalue,regardlessofthenumberofdigits.Remember,0hasnonumericalvaluebutitdoeshaveplacevalue.Forexample,thefollowingcallnumbersareinthecorrectorder:
796.001796.01796.389796.4796.536796.8
DarAllBlaGraFreWil
I*fdecimalnumberswithseveraldigitsareconfusingtoyou,onewaytoclarifytheirvalueistomentallyadd0’stoholdplacevaluetotherightofthedecimalpoint.Sothatyoucancomparethenumbersbytenths,thousandths,etc.Forexample,thinkof796.4as796.400andyoucanseethatitislargerthan796.385butsmallerthan796.536.
*Walkaroundthemediacenterandlabeleachoftheseareasontheblankmap:
BookReturnAtlasStand
NCNorthCarolinaPaperbackRacks
RefReferenceSCShortStorycollection
CopierMagazines
PencilSharpenerGraphicnovels
000Generalities100Philosophy&Psychology
200Religion300SocialSciences
400Language500NaturalSciences&Math
600Technology&AppliedSciences
700Arts,Sports,Recreation800Literature&Rhetoric
900Geography,History,Biography
FictionbyGenreCirculationDesk
Adventure
RomanceColorandB&WPrinter
SciFic
FantasyDictionaryStand
Multicultural
SportsNewBooks
ContemporaryRealism
HistoricalFictionOPAC(CardCatalogComputers)
Thriller
Mystery
ShelvingMaterials
Themediacollectionofanyschoollibraryismadeupofprintandnonprintmediaclassifiedandarrangedinsectionswhichinclude:
Fiction(madeuporimaginarystories)
∙ThesymbolFicisplacedoverthefirstthreelettersoftheauthor’slastnametoprovideacallnumberandshelflocation.
Ex:
Little
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