国际经济学罗伯特凯伯答案解析1文档格式.docx
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国际经济学罗伯特凯伯答案解析1文档格式.docx
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c.Domesticproductionofthesamegoodsandservices
d.Domesticproductionofdifferentgoodsandservices
4.Ifanationhasanopeneconomy,itmeansthatthenation:
a.Allowsprivateownershipofcapital
b.Hasflexibleexchangerates
c.Hasfixedexchangerates
d.Conductstradewithothercountries
5.Internationaltradeforcesdomesticfirmstobecomemorecompetitiveintermsof:
a.Theintroductionofnewproducts
b.Productdesignandquality
c.Productprice
d.Alloftheabove
6.Themovementtofreeinternationaltradeismostlikelytogenerateshort-termunemploymentinwhichindustries?
a.Industriesinwhichthereareneitherimportsnorexports
b.Import-competingindustries
c.Industriesthatselltodomesticandforeignbuyers
d.Industriesthatselltoonlyforeignbuyers
7.Internationaltradeisbasedontheideathat:
a.Exportsshouldexceedimports
b.Importsshouldexceedexports
c.Resourcesaremoremobileinternationallythanaregoods
d.Resourcesarelessmobileinternationallythanaregoods
8.Argumentsforfreetradearesometimesdisregardedbypoliticiansbecause:
a.Maximizingdomesticefficiencyisnotconsideredimportant
b.Maximizingconsumerwelfaremaynotbeachiefpriority
c.Thereexistsoundeconomicreasonsforkeepingone’seconomyisolatedfromothereconomies
d.Economiststendtofavorhighlyprotecteddomesticmarkets
9.Howmuchphysicaloutputaworkerproducersinanhour’sworkdependson:
a.Theworker’smotivationandskill
b.Thetechnology,plant,andequipmentinuse
c.Howeasytheproductistomanufacture
10.ThelargestamountoftradewiththeUnitedStatesinrecentyearshasbeenconductedby:
a.Canada
b.Germany
c.Chile
d.UnitedKingdom
11.Increasedforeigncompetitiontendsto:
a.Intensifyinflationarypressuresathome
b.Inducefallingoutputperworker-hourfordomesticworkers
c.Placeconstraintsonthewagesofdomesticworkers
d.Increaseprofitsofdomesticimport-competingindustries
12.________istheabilityofafirm/industry,underfreeandfairmarketconditions,todesign,produce,andmarketgoodsandservicesthatarebetterand/orcheaperthanthoseofotherfirms/industries.
a.Competitiveness
b.Protectionism
c.Comparativeadvantage
d.Absoluteadvantage
13.Afirm’s________,relativetothatofotherfirms,isgenerallyregardedasthemostimportantdeterminantofcompetitiveness.
a.Incomelevel
b.Tastesandpreferences
c.Governmentalregulation
d.Productivity
14.Freetradersmaintainthatanopeneconomyisadvantageousinthatitprovidesallofthefollowingexcept:
a.Increasedcompetitionforworldproducers
b.Awiderselectionofproductsforconsumers
c.Theutilizationofthemostefficientproductionmethods
d.Relativelyhighwagelevelsforalldomesticworkers
15.RecentpressuresforprotectionismintheUnitedStateshavebeenmotivatedbyallofthefollowingexcept:
a.U.S.firmsshippingcomponentproductionoverseas
b.HighprofitlevelsforAmericancorporations
c.SluggishratesofproductivitygrowthintheUnitedStates
d.HighunemploymentratesamongAmericanworkers
16.Internationaltradetendstocausewelfarelossestoatleastsomegroupsinacountry:
a.Thelessmobilethecountry’sresources
b.Themoremobilethecountry’sresources
c.Thelowerthecountry’sinitiallivingstandard
d.Thehigherthecountry’sinitiallivingstandard
17.Foranationtomaximizeitsproductivityinaglobaleconomy:
a.Onlyimportsarenecessary
b.Onlyexportsarenecessary
c.Bothimportsandexportsarenecessary
d.Neitherimportsnorexportsarenecessary
18.Afeasibleeffectofinternationaltradeisthat:
a.Amonopolyinthehomemarketbecomesanoligopolyintheworldmarket
b.Anoligopolyinthehomemarketbecomesamonopolyintheworldmarket
c.Apurelycompetitivefirmbecomesanoligopolist
d.Apurelycompetitivefirmbecomesamonopolist
19.Internationaltradeingoodsandservicestendsto:
a.Increasealldomesticcostsandprices
b.Keepalldomesticcostsandpricesatthesamelevel
c.Lessentheamountofcompetitionfacinghomemanufacturers
d.Increasetheamountofcompetitionfacinghomemanufacturers
20.Therealincomeofdomesticproducersandconsumerscanbeincreasedby:
a.Technologicalprogress,butnotinternationaltrade
b.Internationaltrade,butnottechnologicalprogress
c.Technologicalprogressandinternationaltrade
d.Neithertechnologicalprogressnorinternationaltrade
21.IntheUnitedStates,automobilesare:
a.Imported,butnotexported
b.Exported,butnotimported
c.Importedandexported
d.Neitherexportednorimported
22.Technologicalimprovementsaresimilartointernationaltradesincetheyboth:
a.Providebenefitsforallproducersandconsumers
b.Increasethenation’saggregateincome
c.Reduceunemploymentforalldomesticworkers
d.Ensurethatindustriescanoperateatlessthanfullcapacity
23.Asuddenshiftfromimporttariffstofreetrademayinduceshort-termunemploymentin:
a.Import-competingindustries
b.Industriesthatareonlyexporters
c.Industriesthatselldomesticallyaswellasexport
d.Industriesthatneitherimportnorexport
24.Recentempiricalstudiesindicatethatproductivityperformanceinindustriesis:
a.Directlyrelatedtoglobalizationofindustries
b.Inverselyrelatedtoglobalizationofindustries
c.Notrelatedtoglobalizationofindustries
d.Anyoftheabove
25.Empiricalresearchindicatesthat________bestenhancesproductivitygainsforfirmsandindustries.
a.Localcompetition
b.Regionalcompetition
c.Globalcompetition
d.Nocompetition
26.Increasedglobalizationisfosteredby:
a.Increasedtariffsandquotas
b.Restrictionsonthemigrationoflabor
c.Reducedtransportationcosts
d.Restrictionsoninvestmentflows
27.AreducedshareoftheworldexportmarketfortheUnitedStateswouldbeattributedto:
a.DecreasedproductivityinU.S.manufacturing
b.HighincomesofAmericanhouseholds
c.RelativelylowinterestratesintheUnitedStates
d.HighlevelsofinvestmentbyAmericancorporations
28.ThedominanttradingnationintheworldmarketfollowingWorldWarIIwas:
a.UnitedKingdom
c.SouthKorea
d.UnitedStates
29.Aclosedeconomyisoneinwhich:
a.Importsexactlyequalexports,sothattradeisbalanced
b.Domesticfirmsinvestinindustriesoverseas
c.Thehomeeconomyisisolatedfromforeigntrade
d.Savingexactlyequalsinvestmentatfullemployment
30.Relativetocountrieswithlowratiosofexportstogrossdomesticproduct,countrieshavinghighexporttogrossdomesticproductratiosare________vulnerabletochangesintheworldmarket.
a.Less
b.More
c.Equally
31.Whichofthefollowingisafallacyofinternationaltrade?
a.Tradeisazero-sumactivity
b.Exportsincreaseemploymentinexportingindustries
c.Importrestrictionsincreaseemploymentinimport-competingindustries
d.Tariffsandquotasreducetradevolume
32.ForeignownershipofU.S.financialassets:
a.Hasdecreasedsincethe1960s
b.Hasincreasedsincethe1960s
c.HasmadetheU.S.anetborrowersincethelate1980s
d.Bothaandc
33.Thefirstwaveofglobalizationwasbroughttoanendbythe:
a.GreatDepression
b.SecondWorldWar
c.FirstWorldWar
d.Smoot-HawleyAct
34.Multilateraltradenegotiationshaveledto:
a.Continuedtradeliberalization
b.Financialliberalization
c.Increasedinvestment
TRUE-FALSEQUESTIONS
TF1.ImportanttradingpartnersoftheUnitedStatesincludeCanada,Mexico,Japan,andChina.
TF2.TheUnitedStatesexportsalargerpercentageofitsgrossdomesticproductthanJapan,Germany,andCanada.
TF3.Openingtheeconomytointernationaltradetendstolesseninflationarypressuresathome.
TF4.Thebenefitsofinternationaltradeaccrueintheformsoflowerdomesticprices,developmentofmoreefficientmethodsandnewproducts,andagreaterrangeofconsumptionchoices.
TF5.Inanopentradingsystem,acountrywillimportthosecommoditiesthatitproducesatrelativelylowcostwhileexportingcommoditiesthatcanbeproducedatrelativelyhighcost.
TF6.Althoughfreetradeprovidesbenefitsforconsumers,itisoftenarguedthatimportprotectionshouldbeprovidedtodomesticproducersofstrategicgoodsandmaterialsvitaltothenation’ssecurity.
TF7.Inthelongrun,competitivenessdependsonanindustry’snaturalresources,itsstockofmachineryandequipment,andtheskillofitsworkersincreatinggoodsthatpeoplewanttobuy.
TF8.Ifanationhasanopeneconomy,itmeansthatthenationallowsprivateownershipofcapital.
TF9.Increasedforeigncompetitiontendstoincreaseprofitsofdomesticimport-competingcompanies.
TF10
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