北京成人本科英语真题Word下载.docx
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北京成人本科英语真题Word下载.docx
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(76){{U}}Thus,thosewhoranthemostatethemost,yetlostthegreatestamountofbodyfat.{{/U}}
(分数:
10.00)
(1).ThephysicalproblemthatmanyadultAmericanshaveisthat______.(分数:
2.00)
A.theyaretooslim
B.theyworktoohard
C.theyaretoofat
√
D.theylosetoomuchbodyfat
解析:
本题考查的是考生对细节的把握。
答案在第一段第一句话:
"
在美国,30%的成年人都有体重问题。
”因此许多美国成年人的身体问题是他们太胖了,C为正确答案。
(2).Accordingtothearticle,given500adultAmericans,______peoplewillhavea"
A.30
B.50
C.100
D.150
答案也在第一段第一句话:
”因此,如果有500成年人,那么150人就会有体重问题。
D为正确答案。
(3).Isthereanyscientificevidencetosupportthateatingtoomuchisthecauseofa"
weightproblem?
"
A.Yes,thereisplentyofevidence.
B.Ofcourse,thereissomeevidencetoshowthisistrue.
C.Thereishardlyanyscientificevidencetosupportthis.
D.Wedon'
tknowbecausetheinformationisnotgiven.
答案在第一段第三句话:
Butscientificevidencedoeslittletosupportthisidea.“但是几乎没有任何科学依据能证明这一点。
”C为正确答案。
(4).IncomparisonwiththeadultAmericanPopulationtoday,theAmericansofthe1910s______.(分数:
A.atemorefoodandhadmorephysicalactivities
B.atelessfoodbuthadmoreactivities
C.atelessfoodandhadlessphysicalexercise
D.hadmoreweightproblems
答案在第一段:
GoingbacktotheAmericaofthe1910s,wefindthatpeoplewerethinnerthantoday,yettheyatemorefood.Inthosedayspeopleworkedharderphysically,walkedmore,usedmachinesmuchlessanddidn'
twatchtelevision.“回顾1910—1919年的美国,我们发现人们比现代人瘦,可是他们吃得更多。
在那个时代,人们体力工作更繁重,走路更多,较少使用机器也不看电视。
”因此那时的人比现在吃得多,活动多。
这句话符合题意,A为正确答案。
(5).Modernscientificresearcheshavereportedtousthat______.(分数:
A.fatpeopleeatlessfoodandarelessactive
B.fatpeopleeatmorefoodthanslimpeopleandaremoreactive
C.fatpeopleeatmorefoodthanslimpeoplebutarelessactive
D.thinpeoplerunless,buthavegreaterincreaseinfoodintake
答案在第二段和第三段:
Severalmodernstudies,moreover,haveshownthatfatterpeopledonoteatmoreonaveragethanthinnerpeople.Studiesshowthatslimpeoplearemoreactivethanfatpeople.“而且,一些现代研究已经表明,胖人并不比瘦人平均吃得多。
研究表明瘦人比胖人活动多。
”因此,胖人吃得少,活动少。
这句话符合题意。
A为正确答案。
{{B}}Passage2{{/B}}
Byadoptingafewsimpletechniques,parentswhoreadtotheirchildrencangreatlyin-creasetheirchildren'
slanguagedevelopment.Itissurprisingbuttrue.(77){{U}}Howparentstalktotheirchildrenmakesabigdifferenceinthechildren'
slanguagedevelopment.Ifaparentencouragesthechildtoactivelyrespondtowhattheparentisreading,thechild'
slanguageskillsincrease.{{/U}}
Astudywasdonewith30three-year-oldchildrenandtheirparents.Halfofthechildrenparticipatedintheexperimentalstudy;
theotherhalfactedasthecontrolgroup.Intheexperimentalgroup,theparentsweregivenatwo-hourtrainingsessioninwhichtheyweretaughttoaskopen-endedquestionsratherthanyes-or-noquestions.Forexample,theparentshouldask,"
Whatisthedoggiedoing?
ratherthan"
Isthedoggierunningaway?
(78){{U}}Theparentsintheexperimentalgroupwerealsoinstructedinhowtohelpchildrenfindanswers,howtosuggestalternativepossibilitiesandhowtopraisecorrectanswers.{{/U}}
Atthebeginningofthestudy,thechildrendidnotdifferinmeasuresoflanguagedevelopment,butattheendofonemonth,thechildrenintheexperimentalgroupshowed5.5monthsaheadofthecontrolgrouponatestofverbalexpressionandvocabulary.Ninemonthslater,thechildrenintheexperimentalgroupstillshowedanadvanceof6monthsoverthechildreninthecontrolgroup.
18.00)
(1).Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
3.60)
A.Childrenwhotalkalotaremoreintelligent.
B.Parentswholistentotheirchildrencanteachthemmore.
C.Activechildrenshouldreadmoreandbegivenmoreattention.
D.Verbalabilitycaneasilybedevelopedwithpropermethods.
Byadoptingafewsimpletechniques,parentswhoreadtotheirchildrencangreatlyincreasetheirchildren'
slanguagedevelopment.“父母给孩子读书的时候,通过采用一些简单的方法可以极大提高孩子的语言能力。
”因此可以得出这样的结论:
语言能力轻松地可以通过适当的方法来提高。
D正确。
(2).Whatdoes"
it'
inline2canmostprobablybereplacedby?
A.Parentsincreasingchildren'
slanguagedevelopment.
B.Readingtechniquesbeingsimple.
C.Parentsreadingtochildren.
D.Children'
sintelligencedevelopment.
本题考查的是考生对具体词汇及结构的把握。
根据上文第一句和第三句中的children'
slanguagedevelopment部分,可以看出it指父母能提高孩子的语言能力。
代词的指代内容一般应从该句的上下句中找。
(3).Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingquestionsisthebesttypetoaskchildrenabout?
A.Doyouseetheelephant?
B.Istheelephantinthecage?
C.Whatanimalsdoyoulike?
D.Shallwegotothezoo?
答案在第二段:
Intheexperimentalgroup,theparentsweregivenatwo-hourtrainingsessioninwhichtheyweretaughttoaskopen-endedquestionsratherthanyes-or-noquestions.“在进行实验的一组里,给家长进行两小时的培训,让他们学会向孩子们提一些开放式问题,而不是问用是或不是回答的问题。
”再根据下文提问的举例可看出家长提出的最好的问题应该是:
Whatanimalsdoyoulike?
“你喜欢什么样的动物?
”C为正确答案。
(4).Thedifferencebetweenthecontrolgroupandtheexperimentalgroupwas______.(分数:
A.thetrainingthatparentsreceived
B.theageofthechildren
C.thebooksthatwereread
D.thenumberofthechildren
答案在第二段;
Intheexperimentalgroup,theparentsweregivenatwo-hourtrainingsession.“在进行实验的这一组里,给家长进行两小时的培训。
”文章的调查研究中把孩子及其家长分成两组,显然区别在于实验组里的家长接受了培训。
(5).Thebestconclusionwecandrawfromthepassageisthat______.(分数:
A.parentsshouldbetrainedtoreadtotheirchildren
B.themorechildrenread,themoreintelligenttheywillbecome
C.children'
slanguageskillsincreasewhentheyarerequiredtorespondactively
D.childrenwhoreadactivelyseemsixmonthsolder
本题是推断题,也是考查对文章细节的把握。
答案在第一段最后一句话:
Ifaparentencouragesthechildtoactivelyrespondtowhattheparentisreading,thechild'
slanguageskillsincrease.“如果家长鼓励孩子们对于家长给他们读的书的内容做出积极的反应,那么孩子们的语言能力就会提高。
”因此C为正确答案。
Passage3
Theagriculturerevolutioninthenineteenthcenturyinvolvedtwothings:
theinventionoflabor-savingmachineryandthedevelopmentofscientificagriculture.Labor-savingmachinerynaturallyappearedfirstwherelaborwasscarce."
InEurope"
saidThomasJefferson,"
theobjectistomakethemostoftheirland,laborbeingsufficient;
hereitistomakethemostofourlabor,landbeingabundant."
ItwasinAmerica,therefore,thatthegreatadvancesinnineteenth-centuryagriculturalmachineryfirstcame.Attheopeningofthecentury,withtheexceptionofacrude(粗糙的)plow,farmerscouldhavecarriedpracticallyalloftheexistingagriculturaltoolsontheirbacks.(80)By1860,mostofthemachineryinusetodayhadbeendesignedinanearlyform.Themostimportantoftheearlyinventionswastheironplow.Asearlyas1890CharlesNewboltofNewJerseyhadbeenworkingontheideaofacast-ironplowandspenthisentirefortuneinintroducinghisinvention.Thefarmers,however,wouldhavenoneofit,claimingthattheironpoisonedthesoilandmadetheweedsgrow.Nevertheless,manypeopledevotedtheirattentiontotheplow,untilin1896,JamesOliverofSouthBend,Indiana,turnedoutthefirstchilled-steelplow.
(1).TheWord"
here"
(Para,1,Line4)refersto______.(分数:
A.Europe
B.America
C.NewJersey
D.Indiana
根据上文ThomasJefferson(美国人)和下文的inAmerica,这里的“here”指的是美国。
(2).WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
A.TheneedforlaborhelpedtheinventionofmachineryinAmerica.
B.ThefarmerrejectedCharlesNewbolt'
splowforfearofruinoftheirfields.
C.BothEuropeandAmericahadgreatneedforfarmmachinery.
D.ItwasinIndianathatthefirstchilled-steelplowwasproduced.
文章中有这样的句子:
InEurope...theobjectistomakethemostoftheirland,laborbeingsufficient;
hereitistomakethemostofourlabor,landbeingabundant.“在欧洲……劳动力充足,目标是要充分利用土地,在美国土地充足,要充分使用劳动力。
”因此说欧洲和美国都亟须农业机械化是错误的。
C是正确答案。
(3).Thepassageismainlyabout______.(分数:
A.theagriculturerevolution
B.theinventionoflabor-savingmachinery
C.thedevelopmentofscientificagriculture
D.thefarmingmachineryinAmerica
此题考查的是考生对整篇短文主要内容的理解。
由第一部分开始,文章总体结构围绕节省劳动力的机械发明展开,文章的中心思想应当是节省劳动力的机器发明。
(4).Attheopeningofthenineteenth-century,farmersinAmerica______.(分数:
A.preferredlighttools
B.wereextremelyself-reliant(自给的)
C.hadmanytools
D.hadveryfewtools
Attheopeningof
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