GRE作文 观点文档格式.docx
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GRE作文 观点文档格式.docx
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Societybenefitsfromcompetition,whetheritisamongindividuals,teams,companies,groupsorpoliticalparties.Thepressurethataccompaniescompetitionaswellasthefearofbeingemulatedcaninciteandmotivateonetostudyorworkharderandbringhispotentialtothemaximumextentinhispursuittosuccess.Toeconomy,competitionforcepeopletoworkandfunctionmoreefficientlyandeffectivelyandthusproductivitywillbesignificantlyenhanced.Totechnology,theincreasinglyfiercecompetitionhasledtotheunprecedentedprosperityofscienceandtechnology.Incompetitionfordominance,politicalpartiesmayofferbeneficialandappealingpoliciestotheirpublic.Allinall,thegeneralpublicreceivesthedirectbenefitsofsuchcompetition.Yetbalefulcompetitionmaybringselfish,feelingofpressureandloss,thedeteriorationofinterpersonalrelationshipsandevenmoreseriousmentaldisordersthataredetrimentaltothesociety.
Modernsocietyisnotonlyahighlycompetitivesociety,butalsoonethatneedsforcooperationtoachievesuccess.Bothcompetitionandcooperationconstitutethesurvivalanddevelopmentonindividual’slifeandthewholesociety.Ononehand,Competitionandcooperationareauxiliarytoeachother.Incontemporarysocietycompetitionisnolongeramatterofindividualbutacontestbetweengroups.Tosuccessinacompetitiononemusthavethesupportfromasuccessteam.Asuccessteamneedsnotonlycooperationbutalsocompetitionamongitsmembers.Ontheotherhand,eithercompetitionorcooperation,thegoalistoimprove.Theultimatepurposeofcompetitionistowinratherthantodefeat.Althoughsometimesawin-wincomplexionisnotlikelytohappen,weshouldnotsetourgoaltounderminingorevensupplantingourrivals.
Diversityandconformity
Differenceexistsanywhereandanytime.Wecanneverfindtwoexactlythesamesandonthebeach.Differentinterpretationscomeaboutwhenpeoplewithdifferentpersonalities,experienceandknowledgelookatexactlythesameobjects,facts,data,orevents.Thesameiswithsimilarity.
Similaritybringsaboutagreement.Soundagreementhelpslearningandresearching.Agreementsmakeusfeelbetteraboutourselves,helpkeepingrelaxandhappy.Bettermoodtendstobetterefficiencyofstudy.Moreover,accordisastrongpowerthatencouragesustovoyageinourfieldsfurtherandtofacesneerandstressfrompeopleopposite.Tous,theseagreementsmeanwecouldgofurtheronthewayoflearningmorewithouthesitationandfear,forwehavecompanionsandneveralone.
Althoughdifferenceanddisagreementoftencausesstress,contradictionsanddebates,itisdifferencethatforcesprogress.Firstly,differencepromoteslearningsubtly.Weowealmostallourknowledgetopeoplewhohaveviewscontradictourownratherthantopeoplewhoseviewswesharethanfrom.Individualsarenarrowfociwhichconfinedwiththeirknowledgeofparticularrealm.Duringtheprocessofrationaldebatesanddisagreements,weareforcedtocommunicatewithandlearnfromourantagonists.Secondly,Logicaldiscoursesleadtorethinkingandrevising.Itisthemainpowerthatpromotestheadvancementofatheory.Withoutdifferentvoicesonewouldbelikelytooverlooktheflawsofexistedtheory.Onlybybeingforcedtodefendanideaagainstthedoubtsandcontrastingviewsofotherscanonereallydiscoverthevalueofthatidea.Thirdly,differenceisthesourceofinnovation.Duringtheprocessoftryingtosolvethecontroversy,onemaycomeupwithnewthoughts.Manyacademicbreakthroughsbeginfromskepticismoftheoriesacceptedbymostpeopleforalongtime.Finally,disagreementsfromvariousanglesofviewtendtoeduceareasonablesolutionwhenencounteredwithcomplexsituations.Onlythuscanbalancetheinfluenceofallaspectsandmakethebestdecision.
Itishumannaturetopreferthingsthatmakeuscomfortabletothingsthatdisturbsus.Therefore,althoughrelationshipbetweenthingshastwosides:
differenceandsimilarity,humanalwaysinclinedtoortrytohighlightthesimilaraspects.Inotherwords,peopleprefertoseekconformityratherthantodebatefortheiruniqueideas.
Sadly,conformityalmostalwaysleadstoadeadeningofindividualcreativityandenergy.Whengroupstrytobecreative,themembersforceeachothertocompromiseand,asaresult,creativeideastendtobeweakenedandmademoreconventional.
Therefore,inordertounderstandtheworldcomprehensively,oneneedstobetrainedtoovercomethehumannatureofconformityanddiscoverbothdifferenceandsimilaritiesbetweenthings.
SpecializeorInterdisciplinary
Itcannotbedeniedthatrapidlydevelopingscienceandtechnologyispervadingeveryaspectofourlivesatanunprecedentedspeed.Alongwiththerequirementoftoptechnologyisthefactthatdisciplineceaselesslyshapesitsownnarrowerbranchesgraduallyandspecifically.Afterarecollectionofgreatminds,itseemstobeobviousthatneitherwouldgeneralistlikeAristotlereappearnowadays,northefuture.Indeed,onlybygreateffortsmadeinparticularfieldwithaprofessionalknowledgecanoneembracebetterchancetoachievesuccess.
Onetheotherhand,anydisciplinesinscience,humanitiesorsocialsciencecannotbetotallyindependent.Actually,theyareconstantlypromotingorlimitingeachother.Itisfornotenoughforresearchestoownknowledgemerelyinonefield.Therefore,extensivelearningisalsoindispensible.
Actually,comparedwithspecialists,peoplewereallyneedareprofessionalswhocanfocustheirmindsonthemajorswhile,atthesametime,havesteppedintootherfieldsmoreorless.
Individualinterestorcollectiveinterest
Individualismhasneverreceivedsomuchregardeverbefore.Ononehand,individualismisregardedasthesymbolofrespectforequality,freedomandhumanity.Ontheotherhand,peoplebecomemoreandmoreawareofthatindividualismindeedhasitsfunctiontoserveforthedevelopmentofindividuals'
personalitiesandtheindependentspirit.However,theconsequencesoftoomuchemphasisonindividualismmaygiverisetoselfish.Therearemoreandmorepeopleonlycareabouttheirownprofitsandneglectothers'
feelings.
Collectivismisbaseduponthemeritsthateveryindividualshouldcooperateandcommunicatewithothermembers,andshouldcontributetotheprogressoftheentity.Historyhasprovedthatinordertoobtainlong-termpersonnelbenefit,undermanycircumstanceswehavetocooperateandworkforthecollectiveinterest.Besides,truehappinessonlycomeswhentherearesomepeoplewhoshareitwithyou.
Althoughcollectivismdoesnotmeaninhibitionofdiversecharactersandinterestofindividuals,itisinevitablethatsomepeoplemustmaketemporaryconcessionsduringtheprocessofcompromise.Individualismandcollectivismareimpossibletoconsistentwitheachotherexactly.Choicebetweenindividualismisactuallytoweighthegainsandlossesbetweenspecializationandunification,immediateandlong-term,expectationandreality.
Benefitsofindividualwork
1.easytoconcentratewithoutexternalinterrupt
2.controlpaceanddepthbyoneself
//Theintellectualbenefitsofattendingauniversityorcollegearevastlyoverrated:
mostpeoplecouldlearnmorebystudyingandreadingontheirownforfouryearsthanbypursuingauniversityorcollegedegree.//
3.practiceindependentthinking
4.preserveuniqueideasandmotivateinnovation
//Trulyinnovativeideasdonotarisefromgroupsofpeople,butfromindividuals.Mostoriginalideasarisefromindividualsworkingalone.Itisalwaysanindividualwhoistheimpetusforinnovation.Toremainvigorous,anyacademicfieldneedstobeledbytrulyindependentthinkerswhoarewillingtoignoreestablishedboundariesandchallengelong-standingassumptions.//
Privacyandhonesty
Privacy,afterall,isvitaltoouressence.Itcomeswithourhumanitythatweareentitledtherighttothink,speak,andbehaveindependently.Thewallbetweenpublicandprivateisanimportantonetomaintainevenifitmeanswewillsometimesignorepersonaltraitsorconductthatcouldwelldiminishouropinionoftheoverallperson.Weshouldmaintainthiswallnottoprotectpublicfiguresfromthejudgmentsthatmightnaturallyflowfromtheirconductbutbecauseweshouldprizeandprotecttheideaofprivacy.
However,insomecases,peopleareexpectedtoexposepartoftheirprivacy.Ifonehasthedesiretobeunderthespotlight,heisrequiredtoshowsomeepisodesofhisprivatelifeinordertocatchtheeyeballsofthemass,especiallyforthoseactors,singersandathletes.Governmentsandpoliticalleadersalsochoosetoopenpartoftheirprivacyinitiativelyastheirinformationconcernswiththousandspeople’sbenefit.Thismeasurenotonlyimprovesgovernment’sreputation,butalsoisaneffectivewayforthepublictounderstandpoliticdecisionsandtosupervisethegovernment.
Withholdinginformationorkeepone’sprivacydoesnotnecessarilyindicatelyingorcheatingastheyhaveotherapproaches.Awisepersonusuallytellssomethingelseinsteadtoavoidansweringsensitivequestionsandsometimesweevenca
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