届黄浦区高考英语二模Word格式文档下载.docx

届黄浦区高考英语二模Word格式文档下载.docx

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fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

IsHothouseEarthAvoidable?

Nearly50yearsago,theClubofRome’sreport“LimitstoGrowth”warnedthatifeconomicgrowthcontinuedfastwithoutregardfortheenvironment,theworldcouldfaceecologicalandeconomiccollapseinthetwenty-firstcentury.Yetthatisessentially（21）________hashappened.AsnewresearchfortheClubofRomeshows---andthelatestreportfromtheUnitedNationsIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange（IPCC）states---theworld（22）________wellbeheadedtowardsdisaster.

Manywrongly（23）________（interpret）the“LimitstoGrowth”asanstackonuncontrolledeconomicexpansion.Infact,thereportarguedthat（24）________theunlimited-growthpathwaywaschosen,itwouldrequirecomplementarypolicies（includingfunding）（25）________（preserve）theplanet’slimitedlife-supportsystems.

Thisargument（26）________（ignore）.Instead,theworldhascontinuedtopursuefastgrowth,withoutregardfortheenvironmentalconsequences.Thishasenabledustomakeenormousprogressinreducingpoverty,increasinglongevity,andincreasingwealth.（27）________ithascomeatahighcosttotheformationofthesocietyandtherestorationoftheplanet.

Asscientistshaveconclusivelyshown,inthelastdecade,wehaveenteredanewgeologicalear,theAnthropocene,inwhichhumanactivity–inparticular,economicactivity---hasbeenthedominantfactor（28）________（influence）Earth’sclimateandenvironment.IntheAnthropocene,ourplanet’slife-supportsystemischangingfasterthanever.

Climatechangenowrepresentsaclearandpresentdanger.Ifourplanetbecomesjust2℃Warnerthanpre-industrialtemperatures,wemaybeplacedirreversiblyonthepathtoward“HothouseEarth”---asituation（29）_______temperaturesaremanydegreeswarmerthantoday,sealevelsareconsiderablyhigher,andextremeweathereventsare（30）_______（common）---andmoredestructive---thanever.

SectionB

Directions:

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereinonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.processedB.increasingC.applicationsD.typingE.interpreting

F.reflectedG.injectedH.transformingI.connections

J.remarkableK.superhuman

TheNextfrontier:

UsingThoughttoControlMachines

Technologiesareoftenbilledastransformative.ForWilliamKochevar,thetermisjustified.Mr.Kochevarisparalysedbelowtheshouldersafteracyclingaccident,yethasmanagedtofeedhimselfbyhisownhand.This31progressispartlythankstoelectrodes,implantedinhisrightarm,whichstimulatemuscles.Buttherealmagiclieshigherup.Mr.Kochevarcancontrolhisarmusingthepowerofthought.Hisintentiontomoveis32inneural（神经的）activityinhismotorregion;

thesesignalsaredetectedbyimplantsinhisbrainand33intocommandstoactivatetheelectrodesinhisarms.

Anabilitytodecodethoughtinthiswaymaysoundlikesciencefiction.Butbrain-computerinterfaces（BCIs）liketheBrainGatesystemusedbyMr.Kochevarprovideevidencethatmind-controlcanwork.Researchersareabletotellwhatwordsandimagespeoplehaveheardandseenfromneuralactivityalone.Informationcanalsobeencodedandusedtostimulatethebrain.Over300,000peoplehavecochlear（耳蜗的）implants,whichhelpthemtohearby34soundintoelectricalsignalsandsendingthemintothebrain.Scientistshave“35“dataintomonkeysheads,instructingthemtoperformactionsviaelectricalpulses.

AsourTechnologyQuarterlyinthisissueexplains,thepaceofresearchintoBCIsandthescaleofitsambitionare36.BothAmerica’sarmedforcesandSiliconValleyarestartingtofocusonthebrain.Facebookdreamsofthought-to-text37.Kernel,astartup,has$100mtospendonneuroethology.ElonMuskhasformedafirmcalledNeuralink;

hethinksthat,ifhumanityistosurvivethearrivalofartificialintelligence,itneedsanupgrade.Entrepreneursimagineaworldinwhichpeoplecancommunicateusingthoughts,witheachotherandwithmachines,oracquire38abilities,suchashearingatveryhighfrequencies.

Thesepowersiftheyevermaterialize,aredecadesaway.Butwellbeforethen,BCIscouldopenthedoortowonderfulnew39.Imaginestimulatingthevisualregiontohelptheblind,makingnewneural40instrokevictimsormonitoringthebrainforsighsofdepression.Byturningthefiringofneuronsintoaresourcetobeused,BCIsmaychangetheideaofwhatitmeanstobehuman.

Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Howcomfortableareyouaroundwater?

Areyouastrongswimmerordoyoustruggletokeepyourheadabovewater?

Areyoucomfortableventuringintothedeeperwaterordoyouprefertomoveintoshallowwaterwherethebottomis41?

Mostpeopleexposethemselvestowaterandswimmingsituationsaccordingtotheir42levelsofskillandcomfort.Thesamemightbetrueasyouassessyourcomfortlevelwithdifferentacademicenvironments43agoodcollege“fit”.Justasyoumightstudyabodyofwatertofigureoutitstemperature,depthandcurrentbeforeventuringin,youneedto44thedifficulties,paceanddepthofanacademicenvironment---andyourabilitytokeepyour“headabovewater”ifadmitted---beforedecidingtoapply.

Whenlookingatacademicdifficultiesasa（n）45of“fit”,youarelikelytofindthatyouhavethecapacityto“getthejobdone”academicallyinarangeofcollegeenvironments.46,youarenotlikelytohavedifficultywiththe“water”itself.Youwillfitbest,however,atcollegesanduniversitieswhereyourabilityandpreparationenableyoutorisetonewlevelsof47.

Yourgoalshouldbetofindacademicenvironmentswhereyourlevelsofabilityandpreparationwillenableyoutoachievewellasyoustretchyourself48.Theseplacesrepresentappropriate“bodiesofwater”foryouacademically.

Thebest49ofcomprehensionregardingyourpreparednesstomeettheacademicrequirementsofvariouscollegesanduniversitiesareyourhighschoolteachers.Becausetheyareveryfamiliarwithyourcapabilities,yourteacherscanoffer50helpinidentifyingthecollegeswhereyouwillfindthebestacademicprogramsforyou.

Assumingyouareabletofindappropriateenvironmentsacademically,youthenneedtoassessthe51ofyourschoolreportsforadmissiontothosecolleges.Howdoesyouracademicrecord（gradesandtestscores）pileupagainstthoseofotherstudentswhowillbe52,most（about90%）ofwhomarejustlikeyouinthattheycandotheworktoo?

Youneedtobehonestin53thispartofthepicture,especiallyifyouareconsideringcollegesthatcanbehighlyselectiveandtendtoadmitverysmallpercentagesofthestudentswhoapply.Alotofstudentsgetinovertheirheadscompetitivelywhentheyfailtoconsidertherealoddsofgainingadmission.Whileyoumightfeelyouarea54candidateatschoolsthatcanbeverychoosy,therealityisthatyouneedtobeinthetop25percentofapplicantpoolsatsuchschoolstohaveafightingchanceofbeingadmitted.Bytheway,youdon’t55yourchancesofgettingintoatleastonesuchschoolbyapplyingtoadozenofthem!

41.A.toughB.mysteriousC.visibleD.different

42.A.explosiveB.respectiveC.potentialD.reasonable

43.A.onbehalfofB.intheplaceofC.incaseofD.insearchof

44.A.observeB.overcomeC.investigateD.complete

45.A.indicationB.implicationC.innovationD.intention

46.A.InadditionB.InotherwordsC.BycomparisonD.Bycontrast

47.A.continentB.contributionC.influentiallyD.intellectually

48.A.consideratelyB.traditionallyC.influentiallyD.intellectually

49.A.sourcesB.originsC.concernsD.demands

50.A.continuousB.invaluableC.powerlessD.unforgettable

51.A.reliabilityB.alternativeC.competitivenessD.recommendation

52.A.applyingB.consideringC.comparingD.persisting

53.A.appreciatingB.assessingC.presentingD.comprehending

54.A.flexibleB.positiveC.feasibleD.progressive

55.A.graspB.changeC.createD.increase

Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.

（A）

In1888anEgyptianfarmerdigginginthesandnearthevillageofIstablAntaruncoveredamassgrave.Thebodiesweren’thuman.Theywerefeline---ancientcatsthathadbeenmummified（木乃伊化的）andburiedinholesinastonishingnumbers.“Notoneortwohereandthere”,reportedEnglishIllustratedMagazine,“butdozens,hundreds,hundredsofthousands,alayerofthem,alayerthickerthanmostcoaljoints,thentotwentycatsdeep.”Someofthelinen-wrappedcatsstilllookedpresentable,andafewevenhadgoldenfaces.Villagechildrenpeddledthebestonestotouristforchange;

therestweresoldasfertilizer.Oneshiptransportedabout180,000,weighingsome38,000pounds,toLiverpooltobespreadonthefieldsofEngland.

Thosewerethedaysofgenerouslyfundedexplorations—thatdraggedthroughacresofdesertintheirquestforroyaltombs,andforsplendidgoldandpaintedmaskstodecoratetheestatesandmus