高中英语现在分词与过去分词文档格式.docx

高中英语现在分词与过去分词文档格式.docx

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thebus.

（4）Lyinginherbed,shefeltsocomfortable

（5）Hedied,leavingalotofmoneytohiswife.

过去分词（非谓语动词）做状语时,和主句中的谓语动词动共用一个主语

简单句

（1）Thecitywasdestroyed（破坏）duringthewar.

（2）Ithasnowbeenrebuilt.

复合句Destroyedduringthewar,thecityhasnowbeenrebuilt.

同义句转化

Thecarwasdamaged（损坏）inanaccident.Ithasnowbeenrepaired.

Hewasbornnearlyahundredyearsago.Heremembersaworldwithoutaeroplanes.

Theboxerwasknockedoutinhisfirstmatch.Hehasneverbeenthesamesince.

Hewasbittentwicebyourdog.Hewasafraidtocometoourhouseagain.

Ifoundthefrontdoorlocked.Iwenttotheback.

Isawthefrontdooropen.Iwentin.

Myfatherneededsomeexercise.Hewalkedtosheshops.

Jennytidiedherdeskdrawers.Shefoundsomemoneyinanenvelope.

一、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空

1.Hecontinuedtowalkupanddown,_____（lost）inthought.

2.When____（turn）on,theradiostilldoesnotwork.

3.Once__（recover）hethrewhimselfintohisworkandmadeeveryefforttodoitwell.

4.____（see）hismother,thebabyburstintolaughter.

5.____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.

A.Compare

B.Whencomparing

C.Comparing

D.Whencompared

6.______fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.

A.Beingseparated

B.Havingseparated

HavingbeenseparatedD.Tobeseparated

7.__a____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.（05湖南卷）A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed

8.Allnightlonghelayawake,___b____howtodrivetheAmericaninvadersbackhome.A.tothinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought9.__a____good,thefoodwassoldoutsoon.

A.Tasting

B.Tasted

C.Beingtasted

D.Havingbeentasted10.___a___thebigsnake,thelittlegirlstoodunderthetree_____outofherlife.

A.Seeing;

frightened

B.Seeing;

frightening

C.Seen;

D.Tosee;

一、

二、注意点

1、否定形式（前面加not）

Notgivenachance,hefeltdisappointed.

Notknowingwhattodo,heturnedtomeforhelp.

2、不及物动词、连系动词常用现在分词做定语、状语等;

及物动词常用过去分词。

Therearemanyeventshappeningintheworldeveryday.

providehelpforthepeoplegoinghungry.

theremainingbooks

3、现在分词表动作的主动或正在发生;

过去分词表动作的被动或已经完成。

thefalling/fallenleavestheboiling/boiledwatertherising/risensunthedeveloped/developingcountriesapollutedriverasleepingboy

4、分词不具有名词特征,不可做主语或宾语。

（定语、表语、状语、宾补/主补）Participatinginvarioussocialactivitiesisbeneficialtoourfuture.（动名词）Praisedinpublicmadehimshy.（错）

Beingpraisedinpublicmadehimshy.

三、做定语/表语

1、和定语从句的转换

Thestudentwhoissleepinghassufferedahighfever.

Thesleepingstudenthassufferedahighfever.

Thosewhohavedrunkthewaterwhichispollutedmaygetpoisoned.

Thosewhohavedrunkthepollutedwatermaygetpoisoned.

2、单个分词做定语常置于名词之前;

分词短语常置于名词之后。

Doyouknowthemanseated/sittingnexttotheprofessor?

Themanlookingatthemaphasgotlost.

Thebuildingcompletedaheadoftimehascaughtmanypeople’sattention.

比较:

Thebuildingbeingbuilthascaughtmanypeople’sattention.

Thebuildingtobebuiltnextyeariswelldesigned.

3、现在分词和动名词做定语时的区别

areadingroom（动名词）aswimmingpool（动名词）acryingbaby（现在分词）awashingmachine（动名词）

4、使役动词的分词形式做定语或表语时,常遵循人V-ed,物V-ing的原则,但修饰反映人心理活动或某种情绪的词时,用V-ed形式.

encouragingwordsanembarrassingatmospherefeelembarrassedbeshocked

excitedtearsasurprised/determined/frightenedlook

Afterhearingmyencouragingwords,adeterminedlookappearedonhisface.

5、修饰令他人有某种情绪的词时,无论人还是物均用V-ing.

Thedisappointingstudenthasdisappointedhisparentsasecondtime.

6、有些分词已经形容词化了

ademandingjo

bapromisingteacheraninterestingbook

三、做状语（时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随或结果状语）

1、强调前后主语的一致。

Seenfromthehill,Ifindourschoolsmall.（错）

Seenfromthehill,ourschoollookssmall.

Seeingfromthehill,Ifindourschoolsmall.

2、原因、时间、条件、让步、方式状语常置于句首,不强调动作先后时遵循主动V-ing被动V-ed。

Givenmoretime,Icoulddobetter.

Beingtoofat,youshouldtakeregularexercisetoloseweight.

Determinedtocatchupwithothers,heworksdayandnight.

Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.

3、若有时间先后,可借助having

Havingfailedmanytimes,hemadeuphismindtogoabroadforfurthereducation.HavingbeenshownaroundTian’anmenSquare,thetouristsweretakentovisitthePalaceMuseum.

Nothavingmethimbefore,I’mverycurious.

4、伴随状语常置于句末

They’restillsittingonthesofa,absorbedinconversation.

Thestudentsareridingonthestreet,talkingandlaughing.

5、结果状语常置于句末,典型例子making,leaving,causing

Theyallleft,leavingmestandingtherealone.

Englishisspokenbymanypeopleinvariouscountries,makingitthemostpopularlanguageintheworld.

不定式做结果状语

Hewentabroad,nevertoreturn.

Theyliftedarock,onlytodropitontheirownfeet.

四、做宾补常用于以下结构

1、see/hear/watch/notice/find/feel+sb+分词

Isawabooklyingthere

Abookwasseenlyingthere.

Hefoundhishometowngreatlychangedaftermanyyears.

2、leave/keep+宾语+分词

Afloodhittheareatheotherday,leavingfewhousesstanding.

Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.

3、have/get+宾语+分词

Itistimethatyouhadyourwashingmachinerepaired.

Ican’tgetmycargoing.

IwilltrymybesttogetmyEnglishimproved.

4、catch/sendsbdoing→becaught/sentdoing

Thegirlwhowascaughtcheatinghasadmittedhermistake.

Asuddenrainsenttheplayersandtheaudiencerunninginalldirectionsforcover.

5、with+宾语+分词

Withthepopulationgrowingrapidly,weneedmorelivingmaterials.

Withgreentreessurrounded,itisreallyagoodplacetolivein.

Withthefellowleadingtheway,wehadnotroublefindingthetemple.

五、前后主语不一致时,可用独立主格结构

Weatherpermitting,wewillholdthesportsmeeting.

Moneycollected,wesetaboutcarryingouttheplan.

Thesunrisen,everythinglooksbeautiful.

Therebeing阿heavyrain,wehadtohaveabreak.

六、一些常用固定结构

judgingfrom/by…

considering…

comparedwith…

totellyouthetruth…

generallyspeaking…

speakingof…

including…/included

Judgingfromhislook,wethoughthewasbadlyhurt.

Consideringthepresenteconomicsituation,youshouldcutbackonyourexpenses.Speakingoffactories,peopleoftenthinkofairandwaterpollution.

Comparedwiththestudentsintheremotemountainousareas,youaresolucky.Manyastudenthasmadegreatprogress,includingsomenaughtyones.

七、拓展:

therebe结构和非谓语动词的连用。

1、Therebe…+doing/done/todo

Therearelargeareaspollutedbyindustrialwaste.

Thereusedtobemanybirdsflyinginthebluesky.

Whattroubleshimthesedaysisthattherearetoomanythingstodo.

2、动词+theretobe/therebeing…如expect/want/like/hate/mind/imagine等

Asseniormiddleschoolstudents,weexpecttheretobemorefreetimetorelaxourselves.

Doyoumindtherebeingtwomorestudentsinyourclass?

3、句型Itis+adj.+for+theretobe…

Itiscommonfortheretobeamisunderstandingbetweenteachersandstudents.

I.单项选择

1.____thehouseonfire,hedialed119.

A.Tosee

B.Seeing

C.Havingseen

D.Beingseen

2.Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandgetmyfalseteeth____.

A.fix

B.fixing

C.fixed

D.tofix

3.We’re___tolistentoher____voice.It’s___tohearhersing.

A.pleased;

pleasing;

pleasure

B.pleased;

pleasant;

apleasure

C.pleasing;

pleased;

D.pleasing;

4.___apostoffice,Istopped____somestamps.

A.Passed,buying

B.Passing,tobuy

C.Havingpassed,buy

D.Pass,tobuy

5.____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.

A.Comparing

B.Tocompare

C.Compared

D.Havingcompared

6.Herearesomenewcomputerprograms____forhomebuildings.

A.designing

B.design

C.designed

D.todesign

7.____alittlemoney,Jimmywasabletobuyhismotheralovelynewlamp.

A.Tosave

B.Saving

C.Saved

D.Havingsaved

8.Theteachercameintotheclassroom____byhisstudents.

A.following

B.tobefollowing

C.followed

D.havingfollowed

9.Withthemoney___,hecouldn’tbuyanyticket.

A.tolose

B.losing

C.lost

D.haslost

10.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself____.

A.beingheard

B.hearing

C.heard

D.hear

11.Theresultofthetestwasrather_____.

A.disappointed

B.disappointing

C.beingdisappointed

D.disappoint

12.I’veneverheardtheword____inspokenEnglish.

A.use

B.used

C.using

D.beinguse