浅析英语介词及其翻译Word文档下载推荐.docx
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浅析英语介词及其翻译Word文档下载推荐.docx
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雷晓玲陈祥薇
2014年5月20日
滁州学院外国语学院
二〇一四年五月二十日
AStudyonEnglishPrepositionsandTheirTranslation
By
XuXian
Underthesupervisionof
AssociateProfessorLeiXiaoling
andTeachingAssistantChenXiangwei
AThesis
SubmittedtotheSchoolofForeignLanguages
InPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirement
FortheDegreeofBachelorofArtsinEnglish
AtChuzhouUniversity
May20,2014
Acknowledgements
Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetoallthesewhohelpedmeinonewayoranotherinthecompletionofthisthesis.
Firstofall,Iowegreatindebtednesstomysupervisors,AssociateProfessorLeiXiaolingandTeachingAssistantChenXiangweiwhosestrictdemandsandinsightfulsuggestionsareindispensablethroughallthestagesofdevelopmentandrevisionofthethesis.Theyhavemadelotsofcorrectionsandsuggestionswhilereadingmydraftsofthethesis.Withouttheirpatienceandwisdomthepresentthesiswouldbeunthinkable.
SpecialthanksshouldalsobeextendedtoalloftheteacherswhotaughtmeduringmyfouryearsofstudyinChuzhouUniversity,inparticular,associateprofessorsLeiXiaoling,WangMinandlecturersZhangYuan,NiuDuofangfortheirenlighteninginstructions.
Atlast,Iwouldliketoextendmysinceregratitudetomyfamilyanddearfriends.Withtheirconsistentsupportandencouragement,Iwouldbeabletocarryonmystudyandcompletethisthesis.
Abstract
PrepositionsarefunctionwordsinEnglish,andtheyplayextremeimportantrolesinEnglish.ThenumberofEnglishprepositionsissmall,buttheyareusedveryfrequently.ItisveryhardtolearnEnglishprepositionsbecausetheircomplicatedapplicationsandpolysemy.What’smore,thereisalargenumberoflinguisticdifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinese,whichmakesthelanguageacquisitionharder.Thisthesiscombinesabstracttranslationtheories,preposition’sfeatures,andspecificcontexttoillustrateEnglishprepositions,theirspecificusageandtranslationmethods.Therefore,Englishpreposition’sdefinition,classification,collocation,functionsandfeaturesareintroduced.Besides,itdisplaysconversion,division,negation,amplification,omissionandothertranslationmethodsofprepositionsaswell.ThethesisaimsatsortingoutChinesetranslationalmethodsofEnglishprepositionsandhelpingChineselearnersandtranslatorstosolveproblems.
Keywords:
Englishprepositions;
functions;
classification;
features;
translationofprepositions
摘要
在英语中,介词又称前置词,属于虚词,却在英语中起着极其重要的作用。
介词数量不多,但其使用频率极高,几乎每个英语句子中都有介词。
介词用法复杂,且有一词多意的特点,本身就难以掌握,加上英汉语言存在差异,更加大了中国学习者学习英语的难度。
本文将结合抽象的翻译理论与介词本身的特点及具体的语境,对英语介词的具体用法及翻译方法进行分析。
其中包括介词的定义、介词的分类、介词的搭配、介词的功能和介词的特点,还有转移法、分译法、反译法、増译法和省译法等翻译方法。
通过本研究,将能够从一度程度上梳理出英语介词的汉译方法,从而帮助中国的英语学习者及翻译从业者更好的应对相关的问题。
关键词:
英语介词;
介词功能;
介词分类;
介词特点;
介词翻译
TableofContents
Acknowledgements..........................................................…I
Englishabstract.....................................................................................II
Chineseabstract............................................................…III
Tableofcontents............................................................IV
1.Introduction............….......................................................…..............1
1.1Studybackground.............................................................................1
1.2Studysignificance....................................................…..............…..1
1.3Thesisstructure.................................................................................1
2.LiteratureReview...............................................................................2
2.1Studiesonprepositions...............................................................…..2
2.2Studiesonprepositionaltranslation.......................................…..…2
3.IntroductionofEnglishPrepositions..........................…..........….3
3.1Definitionofprepositions............................................................…3
3.2Featuresofprepositions................................................................…3
3.3Functionsofprepositions........................................................…....5
3.4Classificationofprepositions..........................................................7
3.5Collocationofprepositions..............................................................7
4.MethodsofthePrepositionalTranslation..................…8
4.1Conversion........................................................................................8
4.2Division........................................................................................…9
4.3Negation.........................................................................................10
4.4Amplification..................................................................................12
4.5Omission.........................................................................................12
4.6Othertranslationmethodsofprepositions......…............................13
4.6.1Equivalenttranslation................................................….............….13
4.6.2TranslateEnglishprepositionsintoChinese“比”...........................…..14
5.Conclusion........................….....................................14
Bibliography....................................................................16
1.Introduction
1.1Studybackground
Englishprepositionsareoftenconsideredasfunctionwords.Althoughtheyaresmallinnumber,theyplayanimportantroleinEnglish.ThesurveyofEnglishprepositionusageinsomeauthoritativedictionariesshowsthatthenumberofthemostfrequentlyusedprepositionislessthanonehundred,buttheyarestatisticallyfrequent,functionallyversatileandflexiblypositional.Thereisaprepositionineveryeightwordsinawrittentext.HencelinguistsoftenconsiderEnglishasalanguageofprepositions.UndertheinfluenceofChineseideology,ChineselearnersarefacingmoredifficultiesinlearningEnglish.Someresearchershavestudiedprepositionsbysettingexampleofoneprepositionorjustresearchedoneaspectofprepositions,whichisnotenough.ThisthesisstudiesEnglishprepositionsandtheirtranslationbycombiningEnglishprepositions,generalmethodsoftranslationandspecificcontext.
1.2Studysignificanceandpurpose
Therearethreeimplicationsofthisstudy:
(1)ThisstudyintroducesEnglishprepositionsandisgoodforChineselearnersandtranslatorstoknowthemmorecomprehensivelysothattheycanapplyEnglishprepositionsappropriately.
(2)Thisstudycombinestheprepositionandtranslationmethods,andpracticesprepositionaltranslationinspecificcontext,whichcanmakeChineselearnersandtranslatorslearnprepositionaltranslationskillseffectivelyandeasily.
(3)ThisstudyisalsoacontributionforChineselearnersandtranslatorstolearnthedifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinesethinkingmodes.
Inaword,thisthesisaimsathelpingChineselearnersandtranslatorslearnEnglishbetteranddealwithproblemsmoreeasily.
1.3Thesisstructure
Thisthesisincludesfivechapters:
Chapteroneistheintroductionwhichdescribesthebackground,significanceandpurposeofthisthesis.
Chaptertwoistheliteraturereview.Bothprepositionsandtranslationarereviewed,bywhichwecanfindexistingproblemsincurrentstudies.
ChapterthreeistheintroductionofEnglishprepositions,whichincludesthedefinition,form,classification,functionsandfeatures.
Chapterfouristheapproachesofprepositionaltranslation,inwhichconversion,division,negation,amplification,omissionandsoonareintroduced.
Chapterfiveisaconclusion,whichisasummaryofthisstudy.
2.LiteratureReview
2.1Studiesonprepositions
Fromthepasttopresent,alotoflinguistsandlearnerscomefromhomeandabroadhavemadealargenumberofresearchesonEnglishprepositions.
AccordingtotheversionofLiuWenchengwhichcameoutin1981,SaraWithersandEl.W.BrockmanhaveanideaontheEnglishpreposition.TheyconsiderEnglishprepositionsasgreatimportantemptywords—theyhavenolexicalmeaning,buttheyareinfunctionofconnectingthewordsinasentenceandincontributionofgrammaticalstructure;
theyarewordsthatconnectnouns(orstructuressimilarwithnouns)andotherpartsofsentences(LiuWencheng,1981).Intheireyes,prepositionshavetheirownintrinsicmeanings,butwecannotmakeuseofaprepositionbyusingitsmeaningliterally.PeoplecannotlearnEnglishwelliftheydonotmakeagreatsenseoftheusageandmeaningofEnglishprepositions.AnditisamusttobewellupinEnglishprepositionsbypractice.
FollowingJohnPlatt’sidea,therearemorethanonehundredprepositionsinEnglish.Comparingwithnouns,adjectivesandverbsinEnglish,linguistsbelievethatprepositionsarelessthantheminnumber,buttheyareextremelyfrequentinusingthanthem.Otherwise,JohnPlattputforwardthataprepositionisthefirstwordinaprepositionalphrase,anditoffersplace,time,ormoreabstractinformation,includingrelationshipsbetweenwords(nouns,pronounsornominalwords)orwordsandsentences.Theprepositionshavenoclearmeaningsbutownlanguagefunction,andplayimportantrolesinsentences(YangLuxin,1999).
Inrecentyears,someChinesescholarshavedevotedtothestudyofEnglishprepositionsaswell.DaiLuhua,Avice-professor,putforwardthatEnglishprepositionscanfunctionasverbsandclauses(DaiLuhua,1998).In2000,LinZhenkunpublishedoneo
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