《科技英语》课后习题答案.docx
- 文档编号:2174089
- 上传时间:2022-10-27
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:51
- 大小:64.21KB
《科技英语》课后习题答案.docx
《《科技英语》课后习题答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《《科技英语》课后习题答案.docx(51页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
《科技英语》课后习题答案
MainContent:
UNIT1MATHEMATICS
I.TextOrganization
Parts
Paragraphs
MainIdeas
PartOne
Paras.1-3
Gametheorycanbedefinedasthescienceofstrategywhichstudiesbothpureconflicts(zero-sumgames)andconflictsincooperativeforms.
PartTwo
Paras.4-11
Therearetwodistincttypesofstrategicinterdependence:
sequential-movegameandsimultaneous-movegame.
PartThree
Paras.12-19
Thetypicalexamplesofgametheoryaregivenasthebasicprinciplessuchasprisoners’dilemma,mixingmoves,strategicmoves,bargaining,concealingandrevealinginformation.
PartFour
Para.20
Theresearchofgametheoryhassucceededinillustratingstrategiesinsituationsofconflictandcooperationanditwillfocusonthedesignofsuccessfulstrategyinfuture.
II.LanguagePoints
Thegamesitstudiesrangefromchesstochildrearingandfromtennistotakeovers.(Para.1)
Paraphrase:
Thegamesit(gametheory)studiesextendsfromchesstochildbringing-upandfromtennistohandovers.
range:
v.tovarybetweenlimits,extend,runinaline
e.g.
(1)Thepricerangesfrom$30to$80.
(2)Theboundaryrangesfromnorthtosouth.
takeover:
n.theactoraninstanceofassumingcontrolormanagementoforresponsibilityforsth.接收、接管
e.g.TheeconomyofHongkonggoeswellafteritstakeover.
GametheorywaspioneeredbyPrincetonmathematicianJohnvonNeumann.(Para.2)
pioneer:
v.tobeapioneer;tooriginate(courseofactionetc.,followedlaterbyothers)
e.g.Thenewtreatmentforcancerwaspioneeredbytheexpertsofstatehospital.
pioneer:
n.originalinvestigatorofsubjectorexplorerorsettler;initiatorofenterprise
e.g.Theyounggenerationwasgreatlymotivatedbythepioneers’exploits.
Thatis,theparticipantsweresupposedtochooseandimplementtheiractionsjointly.(Para.2)
Paraphrase:
Thatis,theplayerswereexpectedtoselectandcarryouttheiractionstogether.
…hemustanticipateandovercomeresistancetohisplans.(Para.3)
anticipate:
v.1)toexpectorrealizebeforehand;toforesee
e.g.Theexpertsareanticipatingthenegativeeffectsofairpollution.
anticipate:
v.2)todealwithorusebeforepropertime预支
e.g.Tedwasnotusedtosavingmonthlyandhewouldalwaysanticipatehisincome.
Theessenceofagameistheinterdependenceofplayerstrategies.(Para.4)
Paraphrase:
Thekeyprincipalofagameisthatplayerstrategiesaredependentoneachother.
essence:
n.1)thequalitywhichmakesathingwhatitis;theinnernatureormostimportantqualityofathing
e.g.Thetwothingsarethesameinoutwardformbutdifferentinessence.
essence:
n.2)extractobtainedfromasubstancebytakingoutasmuchofthemassaspossible
e.g.milkessence;essenceofpeppermint(椒薄荷、椒薄荷油)
interdependence:
n.thequalityorfactofdependingoneachother
inter-为前缀,意为betweeneachother,类似的词还有interchange、intermarry、international、interview等。
Ageneralprincipleforaplayerinasequential-movegameistolookaheadandreasonback.(Para.5)
Paraphrase:
Acommonly-appliedruleforaparticipantinasequentialgameistoanticipateandthinklogicallyinturn.
reason:
v.toformortrytoreachconclusionsbyconnectedthought;tothinkout
e.g.
(1)Man’sabilitytoreasonmakeshimdifferentfromtheanimal.
(2)Ireasoninthiswayaboutthematter.
Inprinciple,anysequentialgamethatendsafterafinitesequenceofmoves…(Para.6)
finite:
a.limited;havingbounds
e.g.Thepetroleumsupplyisfiniteforhumankind.
infinite:
a.withoutlimits;havingnobounds;(numberthatcannotbecalculated)
e.g.infinitespace.
Incontrasttothelinearchainofreasoningforsequentialgames,agamewithsimultaneousmovesinvolvesalogicalcircle.(Para.7)
Paraphrase:
Agamewithsimultaneousmoverequiresalogicalcircularthinking,whichistotallydifferentfromthelinearchainofreasoningforsequentialgames.
…inignoranceoftheothers’currentactions.(Para.7)
ignorance:
n.beinglackingofknowledgeoruninformed
e.g.Themanagerwasoffendedbytheignoranceofhisplans.
Thelogicalcircleissquared…(Para.8)
squarethecircle:
toattemptsth.impossible做(似乎是)不可能的事
Whenwesaythatanoutcomeisanequilibrium,thereisnopresumptionthateachperson’sprivatelybestchoicewillleadtoacollectivelyoptimalresult.(Para.10)
Paraphrase:
Whenwementionthatgameresultisanequilibrium,thereisnoassurancethateachplayer’sbestchoicewillleadtothebesteffectforalltheplayers.
此句是一个复合句,when引导时间状语从句,主句thereisnopresumption中又包含一个同位语从句thateachperson’sprivatelybestchoicewillleadtoacollectivelyoptimalresult,修饰presumption。
Butinspiteoftheseflaws…(Para.11)
flaw:
n.imperfection;crack;invalidatingdefectindocument
e.g.Therewasafatalflawinhisargumentthathegaveaninaccuratedefinition.
Suchcooperativebehaviorcanbeachievedinr
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 科技英语 科技 英语 课后 习题 答案
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)