最新高中英语语法+介词优秀名师资料Word文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:21706934
- 上传时间:2023-01-31
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:50
- 大小:77.51KB
最新高中英语语法+介词优秀名师资料Word文档格式.docx
《最新高中英语语法+介词优秀名师资料Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《最新高中英语语法+介词优秀名师资料Word文档格式.docx(50页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
你赞成还是反对,(“赞成”=for;
“反对”=against)
二、介词的种类,
eg.at;
in;
ofsince,before,after等。
A.介词按其构成分为1)简单介词(simplepreposition):
2)复合介词(compoundpreposition):
eg.asfor;
asto;
into;
outof等。
3)二重介词(doublepreposition)eg.fromunder;
frombehind;
untilafter;
exceptin等。
4)短语介词(phrasalpreposition)eg.accordingto;
becauseof;
inspiteof;
onbehalfof等。
5)分词介词(participlepreposition)eg.regarding;
concerning;
including;
providing等。
eg.across;
among;
around;
above;
after;
along;
at;
before;
behind;
below等。
B.介词按其词义分为1)地点介词:
2)时间介词:
eg.about;
sround;
asat;
between;
by;
during;
for,from..
3)比较介词:
eg.as;
like;
over;
above等。
4)除外介词:
eg.besides;
but;
except等。
5)反对介词:
eg.against;
with等。
6)原因介词:
eg.for;
with;
from等。
7)结果介词:
eg.for;
without等。
8)方式介词:
eg.by;
9)所属介词:
eg.of;
10)条件介词:
eg.on;
without;
considering等。
11)让步介词:
eg.inspiteof;
despite等。
12)目的介词:
to等。
13)根据介词:
accordingto等。
三、介词短语及其功用,介词和介词宾语一起构成介词短语(Prepositionalphrase),介词短语在句中可用作:
1)主语:
eg.FromBeijingtoTianjingistwohoursbytrain.2)表语:
eg.Shelookslikeanactress.3)宾语:
eg.I’llgiveyouuntiltomorrow.4)定语:
eg.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.5)补语:
eg.Theyfoundthemselvesinadarkwood.6)状语:
eg.Alberthassomuchworktodosothatheisstayinglateattheoffice.
四、相关知识点精讲,
1.表示地点位置介词:
1.
1)at,in,on,to:
at:
(1)表示在小地方;
(2)表示"
在……附近,旁边"
;
Hearrivedatthestationatten.?
Heissittingatthedesk.
(3)表示的位置是某一点;
eg.atthethirdcrossroad/at108BeijingStreet/attheNorthPole
(4)可接集体活动。
eg.ataparty/concert/lecture/meeting…athome/atthecornerofthestreet/atthefrontofthehallin:
(1)表示在大地方;
在…范围之内"
HearrivedinShanghaiyesterday.?
JiangsuliesintheeastofChina.
(3)表示的位置往往是立体的,有长、宽、高等。
?
inthedesk/inthecorneroftheroom/inapicture/inthewallon:
(1)表示毗邻,接壤;
(2)表示的位置往往是一个平面或一条线。
eg.RussialiesonthenorthofChina./acityontheriver/ahotelonthethisroadto表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤.eg.FujianistothesouthofJiangsuProvince.2)above,over,on:
在……上
above:
(1)指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与below相eg.?
Thebirdisflyingabovemyhead.
对;
两物体中间有一定的空间距离。
Therearelightsabove/overourheads.
(2)与刻度连用时,用above。
Canyouseetheplaneflyingover/abovethebuilding?
eg.threedegreesabovezero.?
Thewatercameabove/overourknees.over:
(1)指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体eg.?
Thereisabridgeovertheriver.
有一定的空间,不直接接触.eg.?
There’sathickcloudoverthenorthofChina.
(2)表示“布满”,“盖满”?
Thereisatableclothoverthetable.
(3)表示“穿越”,“越过”,用over或acorss。
eg.Hewalkedover/acrossthebridge./Thereisabridgeover/acrosstheriver.
(4)与数字连用时用over=morethan。
eg.over100people/over800metresabovesealevelon:
表示某物体上面并与之接触.eg.Heputhiswatchonthedesk./onthewall3)below,under:
在……下面
under:
(1)表示在…正下方,有垂直之意。
eg.Thereisacatunderthetable.
(2)接普通数词,under=lessthaneg.100metresbelowsealevel/childrenundersevenyearsofage/underfiftybelow:
(1)表示在……下,不一定在正下方eg.Pleasewriteyournamebelowtheline.
(2)与刻度连用时,用below。
eg.tendegreesbelowzero
小测试:
A.inB.atC.onD.into1.Mary’s________thegarden.
A.belowB.onC.aboveD.over2.Don’tworry.She’llfinishtheworkin______twentyminutes.
A.belowusB.belowourselvesC.underusD.underourselves3.Fromthebridgewecouldseetheriver__________.
A.underB.inC.belowD.on4.Theweatherhereis20degrees___________zerotoday.
A.afterbelowB.inbelowC.afterunderD.inunder5.Hewillbeback__________20minutes.
A.onB.overC.throughD.in6.Whentheylookedup,theysawaplane________thetallbuilding.
A.aboveB.belowC.overD.across7.Hefinishedhisworkin_________twentyminutes.
A.onB.inC.atD.to8.Helives____________203HuangheStreet.
2.表示时间介词:
1)in,on,at:
在……时
in:
表示较长时间,如世纪,朝代,时代,年,季节,月及一般(非特指)的早,中,晚等。
theg.inthe20century/inthe1950s/in1989/insummer/inJanuary/inthemorning/inthenight(在夜间)/inone'
slife/inone'
sthirties等。
on:
表示具体某一天及其早,中,晚。
eg.onMay1st/onMonday/onNewYear'
sDay/onacoldnightinJanuary/onafinemorning/onSundayafternoon等。
at:
表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。
eg.at3:
20/atthistimeofyear/atthebeginningof/attheendof…/attheageof…/atChristmas/atnight/atnoon/atthismoment等。
注意:
在last,next,this,that,some,every等词之前一律不用介词.如:
Wemeeteveryday.
2)in,after:
在……之后
2.
in+段时间"
表示将来的一段时间以后;
eg.Mymotherwillcomebackinthreeorfourdays.after+段时间"
表示过去的一段时间以后;
eg.Hearrivedafterfivemonths.after+将来点时间"
表示将来的某一时刻以后。
eg.Shewillappearafterfiveo'
clockthisafternoon.3)from,since自从……
from:
仅说明什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久;
eg.Hestudiedthepianofromtheageofthree.sinc:
表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用。
eg.Theyhavelivedheresince1978.4)after,behind:
after:
主要用于表示时间;
eg.Weshallleaveafterlunch.behind:
主要用于表示位置.eg.Lucyishidingbehindanoldhouse.5)until/till:
直到„为止。
eg.till/untillastweek/till/untillnow/frommorningtillnight6)by:
在某时间之前;
不晚于„„时间。
eg.bytheendoflasyyear
A.onB.inC.atD.from1.Weoftengotothepark___________Sundaymorning.
A.afterB.beforeC.tillD.since2.Myaunthasworkedinaclinic___________1949.
A.sinceB.onC.inD.to3.HisfatherwillbebackfromLondon__________afewdays.
A.atB.ofC.onD.with4.Ithappenedtobeverycold_____themorningofoursportsmeet.
A.atB.inC.onD.over5.Hedecidedtovisitthefactory_________Fridaynight.
A.onB.atC.inD.during6.Hesuddenlyreturned__________arainynight.
A.10minuteslaterB.after10minutesC.in10minutesD.10minutesafter7.Thedoctorwillbefree__________.
A.AfterB.InC.FromD.Since8.“Howlonghashisbookshopbeeninbusiness?
”“_______1982.”
A.untilB.afterC.byD.around9.Thetrainleavesat6:
00p.m..SoIhavetobeatthestation________5:
40atthelatest.
A.by;
untilB.until;
aroundC.till;
byD.at;
on10.“CanIstay________theweekend?
”
“Yes,butyou’llhavetoleave_________Mondaymiddyatthelatest.”
B.fornineo’clockC.sincetwohoursD.sicnetwohoursago11.Theyhavebeeninthestore__________.A.foralongtimeago
12.Ihavebeenplayingchess________manyyears,butI’mhardlyaexpert.A.inB.withC.sinceD.for
3.表示方式介词:
(1)by:
+接人或方式等。
eg.madebyhim/bythismeanseg.bydoingthis/bycar/bus/train/bike/us/comeinbythedoor
(2)in:
+接语言/衣物等。
eg.inthiswayeg.inthe(this/that)way/inahigh(low)voice/inpen/ink/English/therain(3)with:
+接工具性的名词或其他名词。
eg.withthismethodeg.withahammer/apen(pencil)(4)on:
+接人体名词和TV等词。
eg.lieonone’sback/tolearnEnglishonTV/ontheradio(5)to:
+接乐器或乐曲名词。
eg.tosingtothepiano(guitar)/todancetomusic
3.byfax/radio/telephone:
靠传真、无线电、电话注意,1.byweight(volume):
按重/体积2.byheight:
按高度
4.bytheweek/thehour/theyear按周/按小时/按年5.bythepound按英镑
A.inB.withC.byD.on1.Heworkedouttheproblem_________thatmeans.
A.byB.atC.withD.in2.Pleaseanswermyquestion_________aloudenoughvoice.
A.bywhichB.bythatC.inwhichD.withwhich3.Thisisthecar___________hecamehere.
A.with;
lookedB.to;
lookingC.on;
lookingD.on;
looked4.Helay_________hisback,hiseyes_________upward.
A.in;
withB.with;
inC.with;
withD.in;
in5.Heoftenwrote________apen,butnowheiswriting______pencil.
A.byB.throughC.onD.with6.Hebuiltatelescope____________withhecouldstudytheskies.
openB.when;
openedC.while;
openingD.with;
open7.Heoftensleeps___________thewindow___________.
A.onB.inC.withD.for8.Howbeautifulthegirllooks___________hernewclothes.
A.byB.fromC.onD.in9.HeoftenlearnsEnglish__________TVafterwrok.
3.
A.bymusicB.bythemusicC.tomusicD.tothemusic10.Theyoftendance_____________onSundaynights.
A.withB.inC.byD.on11.Thetallbuildingwasdestroyed___________abigfire.
A.todanceB.todancebyC.todancewithD.todanceto12.Theyoungmanoftenwritesmusic___________
A.withfaxB.tofaxC.byfaxD.byhefax13.Themanagerkeepsintouchwithme___________.
A.byB.onC.inD.through14.Hewascaught__________theheavyrain.
4.表示除外介词:
除外介词有:
besides;
except和apartfrom。
(1)besides:
除外„„之外(还包括„„)。
eg.Weneedfifteenmorepeoplebesidesyourgroup.
besides+doingsth.eg.Whatelsedidyoudobesideswritingaletter?
eg.Idon’treallywanttogo.Besides,it’stoolatenow.注意:
besides:
adv.而且,再说
eg.Sheissittingbesidemeonthebench.?
beside:
prep.在„„之旁。
(2)except/but:
除„„之外(不包括)。
eg.Weworkeverydayexcept/butSaturdayandSunday.exceptfor+sth.:
除去整体的一部分或对部分缺点要修正。
eg.?
Exceptforthecolor,Ilikethecarverymuch.
Yourcompositionisgoodexceptforsomespellingmistakes.exceptthat+从句:
eg.WeknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisAmerica.exceptwhen+从句:
eg.Hecomestoseemeeverydayexceptwhenitrains.except/but+todosth.eg.?
Ihavenothingelsetodoexcep
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 最新 高中 英语语法 介词 优秀 名师 资料