语法复习四定语从句Word下载.docx

语法复习四定语从句Word下载.docx

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从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。

e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）

2、非限制性定语从句：

从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。

形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。

e.g.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）

（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

1、that与which的区别。

1）用that而不用which的情况：

①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,…；

②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；

③先行词有only,very,any等词修饰；

④先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g.Thereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingit.没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。

ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。

MrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatheknows.史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

2）用which而不用that的情况：

①引导非限制性定语从句；

②代表整个主句的意思；

③介词+关系代词。

e.g.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。

Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

3）as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesame…as,such…as结构中。

e.g.Iwantthesameshirtasmyfriend’s.我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。

通常用下列句型：

asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。

e.g.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

3）as引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；

反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

e.g.Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected.

Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。

e.g.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn’tlikeatall.

2.关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

e.g.ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.

3.定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

e.g.ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.

4.引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词+which”来代替。

e.g.October1,1949wasthedayonwhich（=when）thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.

5.当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

e.g.Thesickmanwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.

6.介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；

介词在句尾，关系代词可有which,that,whom,口语中也可用who，且可省略。

e.g.Theman（whom/who/that）youweretalkingabouthascometoschool.

练习、定语从句

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：

1.Thefanisonthedesk.Youwantit.

2.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtourtextbookshereyesterday.

3.Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.

4.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon’tstudyhard.

5.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.

6.Theletterisfrommysister.Ireceivedityesterday.

7.Theplaywaswonderful.Wesawitlastnight.

8.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoNanning.

9.Theboyismybrother.Hewashereaminuteago.

10.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.

11.Hereisthegirl.Herbrotherworksinthisshop.

12.That’sthechild.Wewerelookingathisdrawingjustnow.

13.Thisistheboy.Hissisterisafamoussinger.

14.Iwanttotalktotheboys.Theirhomeworkhaven’tbeenhandedin.

15.Isthatthewoman?

Herdaughterisinmyclass.

16.Heusedtoliveinabighouse.Infrontofitgrewmanybananatrees.

17.Theypassedafactory.Atthebackofthefactorytherewerericefields.

18.Thesoldierrantothebuilding.Onthetopofitflewaflag.

19.Intheeveningtheyarrivedatahill.Atthefootofthehilltherewasatemple.

20.Shecameintoabigroom.Inthemiddleofitstoodalargetable.

二、根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:

1.Theperson________________IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.

2.Thepencil________________hewaswritingbroke.

3.WuDong,________________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.

4.Thetwothings________________MarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.

5.Herbag,________________sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.

6.ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch,________________thisisoneexample,arewellwritten.

三、选择填空：

1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.

A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when

2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.

A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which

3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as

4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who

5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek.

A.whichB.thatC.whomD.as

6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.

A.whomB.whichC.whoD.when

7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning?

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who

8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere?

A.whoB./C.thatD.when

9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.

A.whoB.whomC.towhomD.towho

10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour.

A.withwhomB.whenC.towhomD.which

11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.

A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalking

C.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalking

12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica.

A.whichyoushowedB.youshowedhimC.youshowedD.whereyoushowed

13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard.

A.ofwhomB.fromwhomC.aboutthatD.who

14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench.

A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which

15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou?

A.thatB.whomC.whenD.whose

16.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice.

A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.all

17.Theforeignguests,____weregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.

A.mostofthemB.mostofthatC.mostofwhomD.mostofthose

18.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight.

A.whoB.whichC.thatD.as

19.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;

youmayask____knowsbetterthanI.

A.whoeverB.whomeverC.anyoneD.theone

20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.

A.whereB./C.whenD.what

21.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago.

A.whereB.thatC.whichD.onwhich

22.Nearbyweretwocanoes____theyhadcometotheisland.

A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD./

23.Jackispleasedwith____youhavegivenhimandall____youhavetoldhim.

A.that,whatB.what,thatC.which,whatD.that,which

24.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colourisyellow?

A.thatB.whichC.itsD.whose

25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.

A.whomB.whoC.towhomD.formwhom

26.Isthisschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?

A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.where

27.Isthistheschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?

A.theoneB.whereC.inwhichD./

28,Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry?

A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which

29.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,____cameasasurprise.

A.itB.whichC.thatD.he

30.ThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriage____alreadysevenotherpeople.

A.whentherewereB.whichtherewereC.thattherewereD.wheretherewere

31.Iliveinthehouse____windowsfacesouth.

A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.inthat

32.----Whatgameispopularwiththem?

----The____mostistennis.

A.gametheylikeitB.gametheylikeC.bestgametheylikeD.bestgametheylikeit

33.Theystayedwithmethreeweeks,____theydrankallthewineIhad.

A.whichB.whichtimeC.duringwhichtimeD.duringwhich

34.Theroom____MrWhitelivesisnotverylarge.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

35.Don’tforgettheday____youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.

A.whenB.thatC.atwhichD.where

36.I’vefinishedwritingthenovel,____istobepublishednextmonth.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when

37.Hereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebattle,____wasunexpected.

A.whichB.asC.thatD.it

38.____weisknowntoall,Englishisnotverydifficulttolearn.

A.WhatB.AsC.ThatD.Which

39.Theoldmanhadthreesons,allof____diedduringWorldWarⅡ.

A.whoseB.thatC.whomD.who

40.Ihaveboughttwopens,____writewell.

A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.bothofwhichD.allofwhich

41.Doyouknowthereason____shehaschangedhermind?

A.whyB.whichC.forthatD.ofwhich

42.Hefailedintheexam,____provesthathewasn’tworkinghardenough.

A.whichB.whatC.itD.that

43.Duringtheweek____hetriedtocollectmaterialsforhisarticle.

A.followingB.followedC.tofollowD.thatfollowed

44.____wasexpected,hesucceededintheexam.

A.ItB.WhichC.AsD.That

45.Hestudiedhardandlaterbecameawell-knownwriter,____hisfatherexpected.

A.thatwaswhatB.whatwasthatC.andwhichwasD.whichwaswhat

46.Weshouldreadsuchbooks____willmakeusbetterandwi