英语单词的重音规则文档格式.docx
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英语单词的重音规则文档格式.docx
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5.带下列后缀的词:
-ade,-ain,-ee,-eer,-esque,-ette,-ique,-ine,-oon重音通常在最后一个音节。
这些词一般都是从法语中借来的词。
emplo'
yeean'
tiquemaga'
zineci'
garvolun'
teergaso'
line
6.带下列后缀的词:
-eous,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ient,-ion,-ious,-ish,-it,-liar,-sive,-tal,-uous重音通常在倒数第二音节上。
oc'
casionre'
lationas'
tonishde'
positmu'
sician
7.但是有些派生词,比如从名词派生出来的形容词,它的重音就得发生变化,通常是后移。
例如:
'
sciencescien'
tific'
accidentacci'
dental'
democratdemo'
cratic'
politicspo'
litical
其实,英语词汇的重音位置通常是有规律的。
有些双音节词汇做名词时重音往往落在首音节上;
而做动词时,重音就落在第二音节上了。
这些词汇常见的有:
addict,accent,abstract,annex等。
可见,掌握好并读准单词的重音有一定的规律可循。
为了便于记忆和学习,现将部分规则按重音位置和字母顺序作如下归纳,并从理论上进行简要分析。
一、归类部分
.重音落在末音节的字母组合
①以-ee结尾,读音为/i:
/的词汇:
appelleechimpanzeeconfereecontesteedecreedraweeevacueeem-ployeegoateegrandeeguaranteeindicteeinductee
②以-act结尾,读音为/aekt/的词汇,多为动词:
contactcontractdetractdistractexactenactintactinteract
③-air,-aire或-are结尾,读音为/eə/的:
affairconcessionaireenclairmillionaireawareprepare
④以-ade结尾,读音为/eid/的词汇:
arcadebrigadecolonnadeescaladeescapade(exception:
decade)
⑤以-ane结尾,读音为/ein/的词汇:
inaneinsaneprofanehumane
⑥以-ceive结尾,读音为/si:
v/的动词:
conceivedeceiveperceivereceive
⑦以-duce结尾,读音为/dju:
s/的词汇:
conducededuceinduceintroducereducereproducesubducetraduceseduce
⑧以-ease结尾,读音为/zi:
z/或/zi:
appeasedeceasedecreasediseaseincreasepredeceasereleasesub-leasesurcease
⑨以-een结尾,读音为/i:
n/的名词:
colleencanteenpretteenSalweenshagreenthirteenspalpeenvelevteenyestreen
⑩以-eer结尾,读音为/niə/的名词:
cannoneercompeerdomineerengineerfronteergadgeteergazetterpamphleteerpatrioteer
(11)以-ect结尾,读音为/ekt/的动词:
affectbisectcollectdefectdirectdetectcorrectconfectconnectdisinfectejectelect
(12)以-ede结尾,读音为/i:
d/的动词:
accedeantecedeconcedeimpedeintercedeprecederecederetrocedesecedesupercede
(13)以-end结尾,读音为/end/的动词:
attendamendcommendcomprehendcontenddefenddependextendintendrepresendsubtend
(14)以-el结尾,读音为/el/的词汇:
compelimpelNobelmarcelpropelrebel(v.)
(15)以-ert结尾,读音为/ə:
t/的词汇:
assertconcertconvertdesertintrovertsubvert
(16)以-ese结尾,读/i:
s/或/i:
z/的词汇:
ChineseJapaneseNapalesesudanesetelegraphesevietnamese
(17)以-clude结尾,读音为/klu:
concludeexcludeincludeoccludeprecludeseclude
(18)以-esce结尾,读音为/es/的词汇:
coalescedeliquesceeffloresceevanescerecrudesce
(19)以-ess结尾,读音为/es/的动词:
compressconfessdepressexpressimpressprofessredressrepresssuppresstransgress
若不是动词,以-ess结尾,的词汇之重音位置不固定:
'
progress'
congresspro'
cessun'
less
(20)以-est结尾,读音为/est/的动词:
adjestcongestcontestdigestinfestprotestsuggest
(21)以-ette结尾,读音为/et/的词汇:
cassettecigarettebrunettecoquettechemisetteforssettefrisettegazettegrisette
(22)以-form结尾,读音为/fɔ:
m/的动词:
conformperformreformtransform(但uniform是名词)
(23)以-ict结尾,读音为/ikt/的动词:
afflictconflictconstrictcontradictinflictpredictrestric
(24)以-ide结尾,读音为/aid/的词汇:
asideastridebesideconfidedivideprovideresidesubside
(25)以-ign结尾,读音为/ain/的动词:
assigncondigndesignconsignresign
(26)以-ire结尾,读音为/aiə/的动词:
conspireesquireexpiredesireinquireinspirerequirerespire
(27)以-lapse结尾,读音为/aeps/的词汇:
collapseprolapserelapse
(28)以-mit结尾,读音为/mit/的词汇:
admitcommitdemitemitintermitomitpermitpretermitremitsubmittransmit
(若是名词,重音落在首音节,如:
limit'
summit'
vomit)
(29)以-ort结尾,读音为/ɔ:
t/的动词:
disportdistortescortexportimportreportretortsupporttrans-port
(若是名词,重音多落在首音节:
escortexportimportbistortpurport等。
)
(30)以-ore结尾,读音为/ɔ:
aforebeforedeploreexplorerestore
(31)以-pose结尾,读音为/pəuz/、/pəus/的动词:
deposedecomposeexposeimposeinterposeopposeindisposepredis-poseproposesuppose
(32)以-scribe结尾,读音为/skraib/的词汇:
conscribedescribeescribeprescribesubscribetranscribe
(33)以-scend结尾,读音为/send/的词汇:
ascendcondescenddescendtranscend
(34)以-oon结尾,读音为/u:
n/的词汇:
afternoonballoonbuffooncartooncocoondecocoondragoonfestoongalloonoctoroonpocaroon(exception:
forenoon)
(35)以-que结尾,读音为/k/的词汇:
antiqueboutiqueblottesqueburlesquearabesquecaciquecritiquegrotesqueJapanesquemystique
(36)以-r结尾,现在分词和过去分词均要双写r(-red,-ring):
demurincurinterinferoccurpreferrecurrefertransfer
(37)以-uct结尾,读音为/akt/的词汇:
conductconstructdeductinstructobstructproduct
(38)以-ult结尾,读音为/alt/的词汇:
consultexultinsultoccultmidcultresult
(39)以-ume结尾,读音为/ju:
m/的词汇:
assumeconsumeperfumepresumesubsume
(40)以-use结尾,读音为/ju:
s/或/ju:
accuseconfuseexcuseperfuserefusesuffusetransfuse
(41)以-ure结尾,读音为/juə/的词汇:
accureimpureimmureinsecureinsureinurematureobscureper-dureprocuresecure(exceptions:
epicure'
manicure)
2.重音落在倒数第二个音节的字母组合:
①以-ial结尾,读音为/ʃəl/、/iəl/或/jəl/的词汇:
/ʃəl/:
confidentialdecrialexistentialimpartialinferentialinffluentialinitialprejudicialsacrificialsubstantial
/iəl/:
authorialbimestrialcolloquialgressorialmaterialmercurialministerialmotorialpictorialprefatorialtectorialvisitorial
/jəl/:
antimonialbicentennialcolonial
②以-ian结尾,读音为/ʃən/、/iən+n/、/j+n/的词汇:
/ʃən/:
academicianarithmeticianacousticianelectricianEurasianLin-guisticianmusicianPersianpoliticianpractician
/iən/、/jən/:
CantabrigiancollegianColombianhistorianrosariansalu-tatoriansubclavian
③以-ia结尾,读音为/jə/的词汇:
国名、地名:
AustraliaEthiopiaIndonesiaMalaysiaMauritaniaRoma-nia
医学:
abuliaachromatopsiaacidemiaacrophobiaaerophobiabilharziainsomnia
其他:
academiaacediacryptomeriarazziaencyclopedia
④以-ic结尾,读音为/ik/偶或包括以-ics结尾的词汇:
atomaticatmosphericautarkicautographicballisticclimaticcosmeticentericepidemic
⑤以-ior结尾,读音为/i+/的词汇,形容词居多:
inferiorjuniorposteriorpriorseniorsuperiorulterior
⑥以-it结尾,读音为/it/的词汇:
cohabitdemeritdiscreditdiscomfitdecrepitdepositexplicitdispiritdisinheritinspiritinheritinhabitinhibitreposittransitvisit
⑦以-scence(n.)或-scent(adj)结尾:
acescenceacquiescencedeliquescenceconvalescenceevanescenceobso-lescencereminiscencerenascencedecrescentmarcescentpubescentre-crudescentquiescentresipiscentsuffrutescent
⑧以-ion或-sion结尾:
accusaionabolitionconfusionexplosiondecisionimpressionpersua-sionexcitationsuggestioninvitation
3.重音落在倒数第三个音节的字母组合:
①以-fy结尾,读音为/fai/的动词:
acidifyidentifyintensifyemulsifylapidifypersonifyqualifymodifyprettifysimplifytransmogrify
②以-ical结尾,读音为/ikl/的词汇:
academicalchemicalelectricalpoliticalperiodicalencyclicalteleologi-calinimicaltheoreticaltechnological
③以-icide结尾,读音为/isaid/的词汇:
suicideaborticideacaricidefoeticidefratricideherbicideinfanticideliberticideuxoricide
④以-itude结尾,读音为/itju:
d/的词汇:
attitudedecrepitudeinfinitudelassitudelatitudeplatitude
⑤以-ity结尾,读音为/iti/的词汇:
abilitycuriositycivilityfacilityfragilityopportunitypersonalitypossibilitysensitivitysimplicityspecialityutilityvanitywhimsicality
⑥以-graph或-phy结尾,读音为/grəf/或/fi/的词汇:
aerographybibliographybiographycalligraphychirographygeographylexicographyphotographyplanographytelegraphytheosophyphilosophy
⑦以-ology结尾,读音为/ɔlədʒ/的词汇:
aerologybibliologybryologycrytologyecologyEgyptologylexicologytechnologypestologypsychologytestaceologyteleologytheologyzoology
⑧以-otomy结尾,读音为/ɔtəmi/的词汇:
neurotomytenotomytracheotomytrichotomy
⑨以-ular结尾,读音为/julə/的词汇:
biangularbinocularconsularinsularintercelluarocularorbicularpopularparticularsecularregulartriangular
4.词汇加了前缀后的重读位置
①重读落在第一音节的词汇,加前缀后,重读位置不变:
dazzle—be'
dazzle'
operate—co'
operate
force—en'
force'
logical—il'
logical
literate—il'
literate'
constant—in'
constant
②重读落在第二音节的词汇,加前缀后,原重读位置不受影响,但前缀的字母组合作为一个音节可重读或次重读:
pro'
duce—'
repro'
duce
graduate—'
post'
graduate
national—'
inter'
national
im'
pressionism—'
neo-imp'
ressionism
(theonlyexception:
finite—'
infinie)
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