工程管理毕业外文翻译Word文件下载.docx
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工程管理毕业外文翻译Word文件下载.docx
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YangCaoa,*,ShuhuaWangb,HengLia
aDepartmentofBuildingandRealEstate,HongKongPolytechnicUniversity,HongKong,China
bStateKeyLaboratoryofNovelSoftwareTechnology,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093,China
Abstract
Nowadaysintheengineeringconstructionindustry,themarketwhichischaracteristicforprojectbidding,hasformed.Theconstructioncompanies,whichwanttocreategoodbenefits,havetocontroltheircostandimprovemanagementtoenhancethecapacityofadaptingandcompetinginthismarket.Thisarticlefocusesonhowtodecreasecostandincreaseincomesoastocontroltheconstructioncosteffectively.biddingdocumentsshouldbewellformulated,whichistheimprotmenttoasuccessfulbiddinganddirectinfluencethesuccessorfailureofthebiddingthesuccessorfailureofthebiddingforthesurvivalanddevelopmentofenterprisehasadirectimpact,sowehaveahighquality,improvethebiddocumentsoftheunit,preventinvalidandsuccessfulpassmarkappear,becomearesearchtopic.
[key]:
biddingdrawbacksofunfaircompetitioncountermeasures
Biddingisaformofprojecttransactions,projectbiddingprocessistodeterminethesuccessfulbidderandthecostoftheprocessandthepriceoftheproject,projectbiddingworkofaveryimportantlink,doagoodjobbiddingtodeterminetheprice,wecaneffectivelycontrolconstructioncosts,andcreateafairandequitablemarketenvironment,createorderlycompetitionmechanism.Biddinginconstructionactivities,constructionenterprisesinordertotenderinvincibleworkstobesuccessful,Andfromthecontractedprojectsprofitable,itneedstointegratevarioussubjectiveandobjectiveconditions,thetenderresearchstrategydeterminetender.Tenderbiddingstrategy,includingpricingstrategiesandskills.Allofthestrategiesandskillsfromthenumerouscontractorsbiddingontheaccumulatedexperienceandobjectiveunderstandingofthelawandoftheactualsituationunderstanding,butalsowiththecontractor'
sdecision-makingabilityandcouragearecloselyrelated.
Biddingdocumentsisthegeneralprogrammeandplaybookofthebiddingactivitythroughtheprocessofbidding.ThebiddingdocumentswillspecifythatHowtoconducteachbiddingwork,howtodispatchbiddingdocuments,therequirementsfortenderer,howtorateanddecidebiddingandtheproceduresofbidding.Therefore,thepersonnelwhoisresponsibleforpreparebiddingdocumentsshouldfirsthaveageneralviewofthebiddingwork,includealltherequirementsandarrangementsintothebiddingdocuments.Ifmeetproblemsthathavenotbeenconsideredpreviously,thenresolvethemonebyoneduringthepreparation.Thecourseofbiddingdocumentspreparationisalsothecourseofmakingbiddingscheme.
Inanotherrespect,biddingdocumentsisalsothelegalinstuments.Besidesrelevantlawandrules,thebiddingdocumentsarethecommongamerulesthatbidder,biddingagentandtenderershouldsubjecttothroughthebidding.Biddingdocumentsarethelegalinstumentsthatallthethreebiddingrelatedpartiesshouldsubjectto,havelegalforce,therefore,thebiddingdocuments-makingpersonnelrequiredtohavetheawarenessandqualityofleagalinordertoreflectthefair,justandlegalrequirementinthebiddingdocuments.
InbuildingengineeringbiddinglawenforcementandthepracticeofprojectconstructionsupervisionsystemonstandardizingChina'
sconstructionmarket,improvetheconstructionqualityandplayedanactiverole.Butintheprocessofimplementingexistsomedisadvantages,needstoperfect,enrichandimprove.ThisprojectbiddingdocumentsinaccordancewiththebiddinglawofthePeople'
sRepublicofChinaforbidders,biddingregulation,enterprisestrictly,putforwardtobiddersprofessionalrequirementsofprojectprofilewasillustrated.
Nowadaysintheengineeringconstructionindustry,themarketwhichischaracteristicforprojectbidding,hasformed.Theconstructioncompanies,whichwanttocreategoodbenefits,havetocontroltheircostandimprovemanagementtoenhancethecapacityofadaptingandcompetinginthismarket.Thisarticlefocusesonhowtodecreasecostandincreaseincomesoastocontroltheconstructioncosteffectively.
Thepracticeofprojectbiddingpurposeistomarketcompetitionofopenness,fairnessandjustice.However,duetotheconstructionmarketdevelopmentisnotstandard,managementsystemandtheexperienceofinadequate,architecturalengineeringbiddinginconcreteoperationexistinACTSofunfaircompetition,andsomedrawbacks.Thisobviouslyviolatethebidding,thebiddingprocess,andwillloseitssignificanceforotherbidderfailstobidisunjust,disturbedthebidding(projectcontractingmarketeconomicorder,foractivities),thiskindofbehaviormustbeprohibited,onlyinthiswaycanwemakeconstructionengineeringcompetitivetradingactivitylawfullyhealthy.ThissubjectwillIlearnedandsocialpractice,presentsituationandconstructionprojectbiddingsystemisexpounded,andthedisadvantagesofbiddingforconstructionprojectwithACTSofunfaircompetitionphenomenonandanalysisofcauses,andfinallymakecorrespondingpreventivecountermeasures.
Constructioncostmanagementsystem,boththeoreticaldiscussion,butalsoneedtopracticeinnovation.Undertheconditionsofmarketeconomy,projectcostmanagement,competitiveandorderlymarketforconstructionmanagementservicesplatformstructures.Insuchapremise,theoriginalscaleandmethodofvaluationisinappropriate,andthisneedstobereformedandimproved.Thespiritof"
thegovernment'
smacroregulationandcontrol,enterpriseautonomyoffer,themarketwillprice"
principle,toimplementtheimplementationspecificationbillofquantity.InventoryValuationbiddingactivitiesarebasedonmarketeconomymechanism,basedonlegal,scientific,fair,openandreasonablewaytodeterminethewinningbidderofaneconomicactivity.Biddingisbiddingactivitiesconstitutetwobasicaspects.Thebiddingactivityismerelythatbybiddingtochoosetheonewiththework
Constructionprocesscapability,moderatecost,qualityisexcellent,shortdurationofconstructionenterprises,andthisistheultimategoaltender.Ihaveparticipatedininternshipsoverthecourseoftheprojectbidding,andcompletedoverpartofthecalculationofquantities,combinedwithgraduateexperienceinthedesignprocess,abriefanalysisofthemodeQuantitiesCallforTender
Themeaningofriskandriskcharacteristicsofthegeneralconstruction,thelowestpricesealedbiddingconstructionmethodproducesseveralrisksandincentives,accordingtotheircharacteristicsdiscussedthefeasibilityofriskcontrolandprevention.Comparisonofengineeringandengineeringsecurityriskmanagement,insurance,similaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwoprojectsandbenefits;
constructionprojectbiddingandtenderingprocesscharacteristicsofhumanbehaviorisanalyzedtorevealthebidder'
sriskappetiteandbehavioralcharacteristicswithchangesintheexternalenvironmentchange,whenthedefaultpunishmentislight,thebidderpreferenceappetiteforriskanddefaultpenalties,withtheincreaseexceedsacertainvalue,theriskofbidderstoshowpreferenceforbehaviorchangetoavoidtheriskofpenalties,thegreaterthebidderbiasedinfavorofamorerisk-aversebehavior,theresultsofthecontrolandpreventionofriskbehaviorofbiddershasanimportantandpracticalsignificance
ConstructionCostManagementfromthe"
quantity-oneprice"
planmodelto"
priceofseparationvolume"
modelofthemarket,andgraduallyestablishamarketprice-basedpriceformationmechanism,thepriceofthedecisioninthehandsofthepartiesinvolvedinthemarket,andultimatelytheallocationofresourcesthroughthemarketinordertorealizethroughthemarketmechanismtodecideonprojectcost.Thiswillstandardizetheconstructionmarket-competitivebehaviorandthepromotionofprojectbiddingmechanismsplayanimportantroleininnovation.Itcanbesaidthattheimplementationoftheprojectbillofquantitiesisaprojectcostmanagementsysteminourcountryabigstepforward,butalsoinChina'
saccessiontotheWTO,theglobalconstructionindustryapowerfultoolforpeercompetition.
Withtheconstructionofin-depthdevelopmentofthemarket,thetraditionalfixedpricingmodelnolongersuitedtomarket-orientedeconomicdevelopmentneeds.Inordertoadapttothecurrentprojectbiddingbythemarketneedsofaprojectcost,wemustworkontheexistingvaluationmethodsandpricingmodelforreform,theimplementationofprojectsbillpricing.Engineeringisalistofpricingmodelandadapttothemarketeconomy,allowingindependentcontractorpricingthroughmarketcompetitiondetermineprices,withtheinternationalpracticeofpricingmodel.Withthebillpricingmodelprojectstopromote,inaccordancewithinternationalbiddingpracticesisimperative.Therefore,"
thelowestreasonablepriceofthesuccessfulbidder"
Myfutureisthemostimportantevaluationmethods.Atthisstageduetotheimplementationofprojectsbillpricing
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