Language and CultureWord文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:21510420
- 上传时间:2023-01-30
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:8
- 大小:21.45KB
Language and CultureWord文档格式.docx
《Language and CultureWord文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《Language and CultureWord文档格式.docx(8页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
palewhite.
(3)"
bright/rich/vivid+colorwords"
indicatingthebrightcolor
e.g.,bright/rich/vividred;
bright/rich/vividyellow.
(4)"
dull/dirty+colorwords"
indicatingthedarkcolor
e.g.,dullyellow;
dullgold;
dirtygrey;
dirtywhite.
2."
colorwords+-ish"
Thisgroupindicatesthedifferentshadesofthecolor.Anadjectivefollowedby-ishmeans"
slightly¡
"
e.g.,whitishsky,yellowishbookleaves;
reddishface¡
3."
colorwords+colorwords"
Thispatternindicatesthemixtureofthecolor.Theformerstandsforthemaincolor,whilethelatterfunctionsasmodification.
e.g.,redgreen;
greenyellow;
greyblue¡
4."
colorwords+and+colorwords"
Twocolorscoexistinginsomethingwithoutbeingmixedformadesignandcolor.
e.g.,Thedogisblackandwhite.
Shehasayellowandblackcar.
Chapter2
Englishaboundswithphrasescontainingcolorwords.Colorsmayconveydifferentmessagestopeopleofdifferentcultures.Duetotherespectiveculturalbackgroundandtradition,somephrasescontainingcolorwordshavefarsurpassedtheiroriginalmeanings,formingdifferentconnotations.
Whatdoesseeredmean?
Ifheisinabluemood,whatkindofmoodishein?
Ishehappy,sad,orwhat?
Obviously,redandbluedonotmeanjustthecolor.Eachhasadditionalmeanings-certainculturalassociations-thatarehiddenbehindtheword.Thefollowingpartwillbedevotedtothediscussionofculturaldifferencesofcertaincolorwords.
2.1Red
InbothChineseandEnglish,redisusuallyassociatedwithhappyoccasions.Oncalendar,wecanfindthatholidayssuchasSpringFestivalareprintedinred,whichiscalled¡
°
red-letterdays¡
±
whileordinarydaysareinblack.Besides,¡
topaintthetownred¡
istocelebratewildly,toenjoyoneselftoone¡
sheart¡
scontent.Anotherexampleisto¡
rollouttheredcarpetforsomeone¡
meaningtogiveahospitableandformalreception.
Similarly,ChinesepeopletraditionallycutredcoupletsandappliquetocelebrateoccasionslikeweddingandNewYear.Besides,Wehaveaveryfamoustrademark¡
doubleredhappiness¡
(º
ì
Ë
«
Ï
²
)whichissymbolicofgoodfortune.
Redisalsoassociatedwithcertainemotions.Letusseeafewexamples.
Heclenchedhisfistandwentveryred.
Herfaceturnedredwhenbombardedwithsuchanembarrassingquestion.
Icanseethatheisredwithanger.
Whenhecriticizedmywork,Ireallysawred.
Themerementionofhisenemy¡
snameislikewavingaredflagtohim.
Inthesentencesabove,wecanguessthemeaningofsome,forthereisanChineseequivalent£
¬
whiletheothersarenotsoeasytounderstandbyChinese.Forinstance,inEnglish,herfaceturnedredortobecomered-facedshowsone¡
sembarrassment,asitdoesinChineseÁ
³
º
.Butwhatisthemeaningofseeredandwavingaredflag?
Bothsuggestanger.Theformermeanstobecomeveryangrywhilethelattermeanstocausequickangerinsomebodybydoingsomethingoffensive.
¡
Governmentpolicyininterestrates,andonfinancegenerally,hasbeenmarkedbyvacillation,wishfulthinking,electoralexpediencyofthemostshamefultypetowardstheendoflastyear,contortionsandcontradictions,alltoaccommodatetheredneckeconomicsoftheNationalCountryParty.(HarsardAug.271981)¡
Intheexampleabove,¡
redneck¡
isusedasanadjective,meaning¡
reactionary¡
.¡
redneckery¡
derivingfrom¡
refersto¡
reactionaryattitudes¡
.Forinstance,¡
...theredneckeryoftheQueenlandgovernment...(GarthNettheimABCBooksandWritingApr.21.1982)¡
Theliteralmeaningof¡
isred-neck.Howisitrelatedto¡
?
¡
originallymeant(AmE)SouthernfarmersofU.S.A.,usuallycarryingaderogatorymeaning.Now¡
theextendedmeaningof¡
hassomethingtodowithitsspecialhistoricalandgeographicalbackground.
Anotherexample.
Ironically,itwasRedNoseDay,thedaywhenmillionsofAustraliansdonnedrednosestosupportresearchintosuddeninfantdeathsyndrome.(NewIdea.Oct.71989)¡
RedNoseDayreferstoadayonwhichanappealismadefordonationsforresearchintosuddeninfantdeathsyndrome,markedbythedistributionofplasticrednosestodonors.InChinese,however,thereisnosuchconnotation.
SomeWesternerstake¡
red¡
asanevilomenorredfordanger,stemmingfromthespiritsofbullfighters.Sotheredrag(orredflag)thatbullfightersusetoprovocatebullsisconsideredannoying.AccordingtotheRandomHouseDictionary,redfurtherdevelopstobethesynonymforpoliticalradical.
Furthermore,redhassomeextendedmeanings,suchascruelty,disaster,trivialformalities,etc.
redalert&
#0;
alarminginemergency
aredbattle&
acruelbattleinwhichalotofliveshavebeenlost
becaughtred-handed&
becaughtonsite
haveredhands&
commitamurder
redideas&
revolutionaryconcepts
redruin&
fire(asadisaster)
redtape&
bureaucraticwritings
inthered&
indebt
don¡
tcarearedcent&
tcareatall
2.2White
TomostChineseandWesterners,whitehassomemeaningsincommon.Whitesuggestspurity,innocenceandhonesty.
e.g.,Maryisawhitegirl.(pureandinnocent)
Tomisaverywhiteboy.Henevertellslies.(honest)
Butinthissense,whatdoesthetermawhiteliemean?
Canaliebepureandinnocent?
Actually,awhitelieisaharmlessone,intendednottohurtsomeone.Forexample,yourmotherboughtadressforyouthatshewasverysatisfiedwith,andwantedtoknowifyoulikedit.Maybeinyourmind,itwasoutofthefashionorthecolorwasnottoyourtaste.Butyousaid,¡
Oh,Ireallylikeit¡
inordernottoletherdown.Itwasalie,butagood-intentionedlie.
TheconnotationofwhiteinChinesealsoincludessomethingunhappy.Atfunerals,Chinesepayrespecttothedeadandexpresstheirsorrowbywearingwhiteandwritingelegiaccoupletsinwhitepaper.IntheWest,however,whiteisthetraditionalcolorforthebridesatweddings,andtowearwhiteatfuneralswouldbeoffensive.Socareshouldbetakenintranslatingthephraseº
×
Ê
Â
.Toavoidmisunderstanding,wecanputitsimplyasweddingsandfunerals.Talkingaboutredandwhite,thereisaninterestingcoincidenceinChineseandEnglish.InChinese,thosewhoarepopularandfindfavorwiththeirbossesarecalledº
È
(redguyliterally).ButIrishpeoplecallthemthewhite-headedboy.Inthissense,redequalswhiteinthetwocultures.
Wehaveafamousdramacalled¡
¶
Ã
Å
®
·
.Ifwetranslateitliterallyas¡
AWhite-hairedGirl¡
thoseWesternerswillbeconfusedanditwillbeveryhardtoseetheprofoundmeaningbehindit&
InoldChina,folksingeneralweremadeghosts,whilethingshavechangedalotinnewChina.
Inaddition,hereisacollectionofexpressionscontainingthewordwhite.
thewhitearea&
ananti-revolutionaryarea
awhiteday&
aluckyday
whitelightdistrict&
ever-brightarea
awhiteelephant&
somethingburdensomeandvalueless;
hugeburden
showthewhitefeather&
showfear
awhiteslave&
someonewhoisforcedtobeaslave
daysmarkedwithawhitestone&
happydays
awhitewar&
awarwithoutbloodshed;
aneconomiccompetition
bleedwhite&
extorteverycentfromsomeone
2.3Black
InbothChineseandEnglish,therearevarioustermsindicatingthatblackoftencarriesanegativemeaning:
blackmail(À
Õ
÷
),blacklist£
¨
Ú
û
µ
¥
),black-hearted(º
Ð
Ä
)£
blackmarket(º
),etc.Butinthefollowingsentence,canyouguessthemeaning?
Sincehetookoverthebusiness,thecompanyhasbeenintheblack.Intheexampleabove,blackhasagoodmeaning&
runningthebusinessprofitably.Thetermintheblackremindsmeofthephraseintheredwhichisjustoppositetotheformerone.Bothtermscomefromthecoloroftheinkusedinkeepingaccounts.Interestingly,wehaveanappropriateequivalentinChinese-³
à
Ö
probablyboughtfromEnglish.
Besides,blackimpliesgloom,disgrace,misfortune,extremeanger,etc,ascanbeseeninthefollowingexamples.theblackart&
enchantment
blackandblue&
fullofbruises
blackday&
unluckyday
blackdog&
unhappy
ablacklook&
anangrylook;
glareatsomebody
inablackmood&
inlowspirits
blacksheep&
evilmemberoftheherd
ablackstranger&
astrangeroutandout
turnblackwhite&
confuserightandwrong
2.4Blue
ItseemsthatblueisafavorablewordtoChinese&
thebluesky,asoftenasnot,canarouseustoyearnforabetterfuture;
theblueseafullofuncertaintyinducesboundlessimagination.Naturally,wetakeitforgrantedthatthefamoussongLoveisBlueequalsaromanticlovestory.InWesternculture,however,bluedoesnotassociatewithhappinessandimagination,butgloomanddepression.
Hehasbeeninabluemood(orhavingtheblues)sinceheknewthathisfailureintheentranceexamination.Inthisexample,thosetwotermsmeanasadorgloomymood.Similarly,ablueMondaycarriesthesamefeeling.Usu
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- Language and Culture
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)