句子及主谓文档格式.docx
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句子及主谓文档格式.docx
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(6)词组或复合结构Toeachaccordingtohisworkisasocialistprinciple.
(7)从句Whathashappenedprovesthatourpolicyisright.
(8)名词化的其它词类“A”isanarticle.
2,以it做主语的句子
(1)代替刚提到过的一件事物
What’sthis?
-Itisaharvester.
(2)起指示代词的作用,指一个人或事物
Whoisknockingatthedoor?
-It’sme.
(3)表示时间,天气,距离等
Itisratherwindytoday.
(4)改变一个句子的结构,强调这个句子中的某一成分
It’smethatheblamed.
It’sshewhoyoushouldask.
itis+.....+that句子其他成分强调句句型结构
(5)代替一个由不定式,动名词短语或是从句表示的主语,使原来的这些主语可以放在句子后面,免得句子头重脚轻。
Itisfoolishofyoutobestillworryingaboutit.
Itisnousedoingsomething.
nogooduselesssenselessnuisanceworthwhilewastedangerous
这些单词可以用于后面接动名词的结构
3,用从句做主语的句子
(1)由what等代词引起的主语从句
Whattheyareafterisprofit.Beafter追求,追逐
(2)由连词that引起的主语从句
It’snotyourfaultthatthishashappened.
(3)由连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句
Whentheywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepublic.Thetimethattheywillcome
4,以there引起的句子,主语就是be动词后面的东西
有时也用seemtobe,happentobe,belikelytobe,beboundtobe,live,come,enter,stand,occur,lie这些结构来引起
Therehappenedtobenobodyintheroom.
Oncetherelivedanoldfishermaninvillagebythesea.
Thereusedtobeacinemahere.
谓语
1,分类:
(1)简单谓语:
只有一个动词的谓语
(2)复合谓语:
由多个部分构成
情态动词+动词,系动词+表语
2,主谓一致
如果主语是一个抽象概念,谓语动词都用单数形式
Growingvegetablesneedsconstantwatering.
当主语中包含有and时,如果表示一个单一概念,谓语要用单数动词,否则用复数动词
Totryandfailisbetterthannottotryatall.
(1)如果主语是单数,尽管后面跟有with,togetherwith,aswellas,nolessthan,like,butexcept等引起的短语,谓语动词仍旧用单数形式:
Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,wassenttohelpinthiswork.
NobodybutJackandAmywasthere.
(2)each和由some,any,no,every构成的复合代词,都作单数看待:
Eachofushassomethingtosay.
Iseverybodyready?
What,who,which,any,more,most,all等代词可以是单数,也可以是复数,主要靠意思决定
Whichisyourroom?
Hereissomemore.
None作复数看待时较多,但也有时作单数看待,主要看说话人脑中联想的是复数还是单数概念。
Noneofthebooksareeasyenoughforus.
Noneofushasgotacamera.
None在代表不可数的东西时总是看做单数
Noneofthisworriesme.
Either,neither通常作单数看待
Neitherofushasgonethroughregulartraining.
(3)People,police,cattle,poultry等通常作复数。
Cattlearegrazingonthepasture.
有些集体名词有时作单数看待,有时作复数看待,主要根据意思来决定。
Thepublicconsistsofyouandme.
Theclassarereading.
有些名词单复数同形,可根据意思决定谓语动词的数。
Thisnewseriesisbeginningnextmonth
Wherearetheheadquarters?
(4)number,variety,proportion,majority,population等词有时作单数看,有时作复数,主要从意思上来决定。
Anumberofbookshavebeenpublishedonthesubject.
Themajorityofthewaterispolluted.
(5)当一个句子有两个主语,而它们又是由either…or或neither...nor连接起来时,谓语通常和最邻近的主语一致。
EitheryouorTomistodothework.
Neithermywifenormyselfamabletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind.
There或here引起,而主语又不止一个,谓语通常也和最邻近的那个主语一致。
Therewascarvedontheboardadragonandaphoenix.
宾语
1,分类
直接宾语&
间接宾语
Shehasorderedtwoticketsfortheseven-thirtyshow.
Pleaseshowmeyourpassport.
2,宾语的充当
(1)名词:
Showyourpassports,please!
(2)代词:
Theydidn’tpromisehimanythingdefinitely.Define
(3)数词:
Howmanydoyouneed?
-Weneedtwo.
(4)名词化的形容词或其它东西:
Thestretcherteamscarriedtheseriouslywounded.
(5)动名词:
Ienjoyedworkingwithyou.
(6)不定式:
Hopetoseeyouagain.
(7)复合结构:
Youwillfindthepaineasingupinafewhours.
(8)从句:
Seethateverythingisreadybyhalfpastten
3,复合宾语
(1)名词(或代词)+不定式:
ThedoctoradvisedMarytohavemoreexercise.
(2)名词(或代词)+分词:
Wehadthephotographtakenwhenwewereworkinginthefields.
(3)名词(或代词)+名词:
Theymadethegirlvice-directorofthefactory.Makesbsth
(4)名词(或代词)+形容词:
Heprovedhimselfworthyofconfidence.
4,宾语从句
(1)由连接代词或副词引起的宾语从句:
Couldyoutellmewhereyouarefrom?
(2)由关系代词型what等代词引起的宾语从句:
Wealwaysmeanwhatwesay.
(3)由that引起的宾语从句:
HerequestedthatthePremiergranthimaninterview.
5直接引语和间接引语
1.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever
2.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for
3.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotknown
4.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminuteslateC.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate
5.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.A.That…thatyouhadexpectedB.What…thatyouhadexpectedC.That…whatyouhadexpectedD.What…whatyouhadexpected
6.________wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does
7.It________Bobdrivesbadly.A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat
8.It'
suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how
9.________theboydidn'
ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which
10.____wecan'
tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what
11.____youdon'
tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether
12..____we'
llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
13._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who
14._______we'
llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That
15.______hewon'
tgothereiscleartoallofus.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This
16.______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'
smeeting.A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What
17.._______youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether
18.._______makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybody
19.._______teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How
20..________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
[参考答案]1-10
CBACD
DDCAA
11-20CBDAC
BDCAC
Ⅰ.选择题:
1._____
as
much
one-fifth
of
all
timber
harvested
is
not
used.A.
The
estimate
B.
C.
They
are
estimated
D.
It
that2.
_____
some
mammals
came
to
live
in
the
sea
known.
A.
Which
Since
C.
Although
How
3.
we
have
achieved
attributed
guidance
our
parents.
Whoever
Whatever
However
That
4.
wealthy
does
necessarily
mean
that
a
man
greedy.
For
reason
he
Just
because
being
5.
happened
this
developed
country
sounds
like
science
fiction,
it
could
occur
elsewhere
world.
which
what
how
it6.
she
had
forgotten
take
her
notebook.
occurred
She
To
that7.
I
am
sure
said
wrong.
what8.
We
lost
way
forest,
and
made
matters
worse
was
getting
dark.
what9.
10.
or
still
uncertain.
He’s
coming
If
Whether
he’s
coming11.
It’s
he’ll
be
able
come.
doubt
whether
doubtful
12.
at
work
heart
big
city
home
quiet
suburb,
Dick’s
life
tied
machines.
Till
Unless13.
saw
both
surprised
frightened
him.
When
What
Which14.
spell
warm
sunshine.
do
need.
need
need15.
pity
should
feel
so
upset.
He
It16.
spoonful
soil
can
tell
us
about
structure
early
history
moon.
Remarkable
Quite
remarkably
remarkable
fact
that17.
you
nominate
will
elected.
Who
Whom
Whomever
That’s
18.
book
borrow
must
returned
within
week.
Whichever
19.
gets
first
starts
cooking.
Anyone20.
_____orders
gives
obeyed.
Wh
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