英语在二外法语学习中的迁移作用Word格式.docx
- 文档编号:21388731
- 上传时间:2023-01-30
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:11
- 大小:26.29KB
英语在二外法语学习中的迁移作用Word格式.docx
《英语在二外法语学习中的迁移作用Word格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语在二外法语学习中的迁移作用Word格式.docx(11页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
摘要:
语言迁移长期以来一直是外语教育工作者关注的研究课题,并且受关注的强度也一直在增加。
语言学家Odlin在其《语言迁移》一书中详细给出了迁移的定义,迁移影响是由于目标语和习语的相同点和不同点而产生的。
英语和法语同属印欧语系,这两种语言有很多相同点和不同点。
本文通过比较英语和法语在语音、句法、形态等方面的异同,分析英语(第一外语)的基础知识对法语(第二外语)学习的影响。
同时,英语专业的同学在学习第二外语法语时,遇到了许多的学习障碍,影响了英语与法语的学习效果。
这成为语言迁移研究的另一个关注点。
本文通过比较英语与法语在语音、句法以及形态上的异同,以语言迁移理论为理论框架,结合前人研究,分析了英语作为第一外语对第二外语法语的正负迁移现象,并有针对性地指出了相关的建议,以促进语言正迁移,减少负迁移,提高学习效果。
关键词:
英语专业;
语言迁移;
法语二外
StudyonLanguageTransferinFrenchLearning
Abstract:
Languagetransferhasbeenahotissueinlinguisticstudies,andattractedincreasingattentioninforeignlanguagetransfer.TerrenceOdlindefinedlanguagetransferastheinfluenceresultingfromsimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetargetlanguageandanyotherlanguagethathasbeenpreviouslyacquired.Languagetransferdoesnotonlyexistinmothertongueandforeignlanguage,butalsointhefirstforeignlanguageandthesecondforeignlanguage.EnglishandFrenchbelongtotheIndo-EuropeanFamily.Thetwolanguageshavemanydifferencesandsimilarities.WithinthetheoreticalframeworkofJespersen’slanguagetransfertheories,thethesisanalysesthereasonsoflanguagetransferbetweenEnglishandFrenchinphonetics,syntaxandmorphologybycomparingtheirsimilaritiesanddifferences,andproposessomecorrespondingsuggestionstostrengthenthepositivelanguagetransferandreducethenegativelanguagetransfersoastoimprovetheeffectivelearning.
KeyWords:
Englishmajor;
Languagetransfer;
Frenchasasecondforeignlanguage
TableofContents
1.Introduction1
2.BriefIntroductionofLanguageTransfer2
2.1LexicalLevelTransfer2
2.1.1Phonetics3
2.1.2Homograph3
2.1.3NearNetShapeHomograph4
2.2SyntacticLevel4
2.2.1Coherence4
2.2.2WordOrder5
2.2.3PassiveVoice6
2.3TransferinMorphologicalLevel7
2.3.1Article7
2.3.2Number8
2.3.3TenseandAspect9
2.3.4TheComparativeandSuperlativeDegreeofAdjectives10
3.SuggestedSolutionstoReducetheNegativeTransferBasedonDataAnalysis11
3.1DataAnalysis11
3.2SuggestedSolutions12
4.Conclusion12
References14
1.Introduction
SomestudentswhoaremajoringinEnglishfinditdifficulttostudytheirsecondforeignlanguage–French,whichisbelievedtobeeasierinlearningsincetherearegreatsimilaritiesbetweenthesetwolanguages.Itisprovedthatmanystudentsareconfusedbysimilarlexiconandsentencestructuresthroughasurveyconductedon100students,whentheyarelearningthesecondforeignlanguageFrench.Itisinterestingtostudyhowthefirstforeignlanguageaffectthesecondforeignlanguage,anditisalsoworthyofstudytohelpstudentssolvethisproblem.Fromlinguistics,learningisakindoflanguagetransfer.
OttoJespersen,thefamouslinguistinDenmark,analyzedthereasonswhichcausethenegativelanguagetransferofpronunciation.ItisalsofoundthatstudentsmaymixupspellingandreadingprinciplesofFrenchwiththoseofEnglish.TherearemanyfamousbooksintroducingFrenchgrammarorEnglishlexicon,suchasFrenchGrammarbyChenZhenyao,EnglishVocabularyTeachingbyZhangWeiyou.InInteractionbetweenEnglishandFrench,WuShixiongexpressesthemutualinfluencesofthesetwolanguages.However,therearefewbooksaboutcomparingthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenEnglishandFrenchbasedonlearningdifficultiesofChinesestudents.Henceitissignificanttodiscusstheissuebasedonstudents’actualneeds.
Thepaperincludesfourchapters.Chapteronegivesabriefintroductionofthestudy,includingbackground,theliteraturereview.ChaptertwoanalyseslanguagetransferbetweenEnglishandFrenchfromthreelayers,namely,lexicallevel,syntacticlevelandmorphologicallevel.Chapterthreeproposessomesuggestionstoreducethenegativelanguagetransferbasedondataanalyses.Chapterfouristheconclusion.
2.BriefIntroductionofLanguageTransfer
Thefirstlanguagetransferisimportantforthesecondlanguageacquisitionresearching.Atthesametime,EnglishtransferexertsgreatimpactonFrenchlearning.ThroughdetaileddescriptionoftheimpactofEnglishtransferonFrenchlearningfromtheaspectsofphonology,semantics,grammar,culture,etc.,thispaperputsforwardrelevantmeasuresforthepromotionofthepositiveinfluenceandthepreventionofnegativeinfluenceofEnglishtransferonFrenchlearning.
Therehavebeenoveronehundredyearsofresearchonlanguagetransfer,andtheclimaxisinthe1960’s.TerrenceOdlin(1989)gavethedefinitionofthetransferinhislanguagetransferexplicitly.Transferistheinfluenceresultingfromsimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetargetlanguageandanyotherlanguagethathasbeenpreviously(andperhapsimperfectly)acquired.
Thelanguagetransferisnotonlyaproblemofpragmatics,butalsoacomplicatedprocessofcognition,sotheresearchshouldpayattentiontothecomparativeanalysis,aswellasthepragmaticcontext,cognitivepsychology,andthedifferencesoflearners,etc.andtheirinteraction.
2.1LexicalLevelTransfer
Transferistheprocessofusingknowledgeofthefirstlanguageinlearningasecondlanguage.Transfercanbepositive,whenafirstlanguagepatternidenticalwithatarget-languagepatternistransferred,oritcanbenegative,whenafirst-languagepatterndifferentfromthetarget-languagepatternistransferred.Inthelattercase,thefirstlanguage-inducederrorsoccur.ThesamephenomenonexistsbetweenEnglishandFrench.
AlthoughtherearealotofhomomorphismsynonymsandnearsynonymsinEnglishandFrenchvocabulary,manywordsinsemanticsandpragmaticsarechangedbecauseofthechangeanddevelopmentoftheetymology.
2.1.1Phonetics
Englishpronunciationhasgreatinfluenceontheacquisitionofphoneticsofthesecondforeignlanguage,French.TheinvestigationofvowelsindicatesthatFrenchVowels[a],[i]and[u]areinfluencedbyEnglish;
VowelsarestronglyinfluencedbythepronunciationofEnglish.Theinvestigationofconsonantsindicatesthatthingsarealittledifferent.MostoftheFrenchconsonantsareinfluencedbyEnglishconsonants.EnglishphoneticstructurehasnegativeinfluenceonFrenchlearning.ThereisdiversitybetweenEnglishandFrenchphoneticstructure,andmainfactorisincorrectadditionofvowels.
OneofthegreatthingsaboutlearningFrenchorEnglishisthatmanywordshavethesamerootsintheRomancelanguagesandEnglish.The1,700wordsonthefollowingpagesarespelled(althoughnotpronounced)identicallyinFrenchandEnglishandaretrueorsemi-truecognates.Manyofthesewordsareonlysemi-true(akasemi-false)cognates;
thatis,theymeanthesamethinginbothlanguagesinsomeinstancesbutnotinothers.Therefore,thislistshouldbeusedonlyasaguide,ratherthanasadefinitivevocabularylist.Weshouldverifymeaningswithanativespeakeroragooddictionarybeforeincorporatingthesecognatesintoyourvocabulary.Thepart(s)ofspeechshouldbelistedtoapplytobothlanguages.Somewordsalsobelongtoanotherpartofspeechinoneofthelanguages,buttheequivalentintheotherlanguageisnotatruecognate.Forexample,abandonisanouninbothFrenchandEnglish,butitisalsoaverbinthelatter.Itislistedonlyasanounhere,becausetheFrenchequivalentoftheverbabandonisabandoner.
2.1.2Homograph
InthelexiconofEnglishandFrench,therearemanyhomonyms,whichhavethesamespellings,butdifferentmeaningsandusages.Forexample,theword“station”,inEnglish,itmeanstherailwaystation,whileinFrench,itmeansstop.Anotherexample,theword“lecture”,inEnglish,itmeansspeech,whileinFrench,itmeansreading.What’smore,theword“smoking”,inEnglish,itmeanssmoke,whileinFrench,itmeansKoalausuallydress.Itisveryinteresting.Weshouldmakeitclearthatthemeaningoftheselexiconcausedbythenegativetransfer,otherwiseitiseasytomakeajokeinourlearningandlife.
2.1.3NearNetShapeHomograph
Someotherwordsaresimilarinspelling,butdifferentinmeanings.AndtheseEnglishwordshaveanegativeeffectontheFrenchvocabularylearning.Forexample,theEnglishword“city”isverysimilartotheFrenchword“cite”,andtheirpronunciationsaresimilartoo,butthemeaningsaretotallydifferent.InFrench,“cite”meansresidentialarea.TheEnglishword“library”issimilartotheFrench“libraire”inspelling,whileinFrench,“libraire”meansbookstore.
ManystudentsreplaceFrenchwordswithEnglishwordswhentheyforgethowtodescribesomethinginFrenchbecauseofthesimilaritiesbetweenthetwolanguages.StudentsofEnglishmajorshouldpayattentiontodistinguishthesewordstoavoidmakingmistakesintheprocessofFrenchlearning.
2.2SyntacticLevel
2.2.1Coherence
ThecenterofanEnglishsentenceisthepred
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语 法语 学习 中的 迁移 作用
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)