高考英语阅读理解考点聚焦及例题讲解Word格式文档下载.docx
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高考英语阅读理解考点聚焦及例题讲解Word格式文档下载.docx
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二、应试技巧点拨
1、四个步骤
(1)速读短文,了解短文的主旨大意,辨别文体,掌握结构。
(2)看题。
了解考查内容,带着问题读材料,寻找答案。
(3)复读。
对所选答案有针对性地寻找支撑论点的关键信息。
(4)核查。
注意各题的答案应逻辑一致,不能自相矛盾。
尽可能找到(从文中)根据,确保正确无误。
2、四个善于
(1)关于审题,找出文中依据。
(2)善于寻找线索。
(3)善于抓主题句,解决概括题。
(4)善于筛选、比较、衡量、综合文章的有用信息。
3、三个避免
(1)只见树木不见林。
(2)难题耗时太多。
(3)阅读方式不当。
三、精典范例
例1
(NMET
2001)
Shanghai:
Carrentals(出租)arebecomingmoreandmorepopularasaninexpensivewayoftakingtotheroads.Businesspeople,foreignersandfamiliesalikearemakinggooduseofthegrowingindustry.
ThefirstcarrentalfirmopenedinShanghaiin1992andnow12carrentalplayersareinthegame,withmorethan11,500carsintheirbooks.
Thelargestplayer—ShanghaiBashiTourismCarRentalCenteroffersawidevarietyofchoices—deluxesedans,minivans,stationwagons,coaches.Santanasedansarebigfavorite.
Firmscanattractenoughcustomersfor70percentoftheircarseverymonth.ThisfigureshootsupduringholidayseasonslikeNationalDay,LaborDayandNewYear'
sDay,withsomerecording100percentrental.
Themajormarketforcerestsinthegrowingpopulationofwhite-collaremployees(白领雇员),whocanaffordthenewservice,saidZhuangYu,marketingmanagerofShanghaiAngelcarRentalCo.
(
)1.Thewords"
deluxesedans"
"
minivans"
and"
stationwagons"
usedinthetextreferto___________.
A.carsinthemaking
B.carrentalfirms
C.carsforrent
D.carmakers
)2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?
A.70%ofthecarscanberentedoutonholiday.
B.70%ofthecustomersarewhile-collaremployees.
C.Morefirmsareopenforserviceduringholidayseasons.
D.Somefirmsrentoutalltheircarsduringholidayseasons.
)3.Shanghai'
scarrentalindustryisgrowingsofastmainlydueto___________.
A.bettercarssuppliedbyproducers.
B.fastserviceofferedbycarrentalfirms.
C.theincreasingnumberofwhite-collaremplioyees.
D.people'
sgrowinginterestintravellingduringholidays.
解析:
1.C。
上文提到:
"
ShanghaiBashi旅游车租赁中心"
提供了广泛丰富的选择,可判断选择的内容为可供租赁的车型。
故选C。
2.D。
文中提到的数据70%为"
每月汽车租出量"
,故A、B都不正确。
Thisfigureshootsupduringholidayseasons…,withsomerecording100percentrental"
判断出D项陈述正确的,即"
一些公司在节假日里能够把汽车全部租出去。
3.C。
文章最后一段引用"
汽车租赁中心市场经理"
(ZhuangYu)的话解释了上海汽车租赁行车迅猛发展的原因根源于"
thegrowingpopulationofwhite-collaremployees"
。
例2:
(2004年全国卷II)
RomehadtheForum.LondonhasSpeaker'
sCorner.Nowalways–on–
the-goNewYorkershaveLizandBill.
LizandBill,twocollegegraduatesintheirearly20s,havespentawholeyeartryingtohavethousandsofpeopletalktotheminsubwaystationsandonbusystreetcorners.Justtalk.
Usinga2-foot-tallsignthatsays,"
TalktoMe."
theyattractconversatio-nalists,whooneeveningincludedamentalpatient,andmeninbusinesssuits.
Theydon'
tcollectmoney.Theydon'
tpushreligion(宗教).Sowhat'
sthepoint?
Toseewhathappens,saidLiz."
Wesimplyenjoylifewithopencommunication(交流)."
ShortlyaftertheSeptember11,2001attacks,theydecidedtowalkfromNewYorkCitytoWashington,a270-miletrip.Theyfoundtheylovedtalkingtopeoplealongthewayandwantedtocontinuetalkingwithstrangersaftertheirreturn.
Itstartedasacrazyidea,"
Lizsaid."
Weweresocuriousaboutallthestrangerswalkingbywiththeirlifestories.Peoplewilltalktousaboutanything:
theirjobs,theirclothes,theirchildhoodexperiences,anything."
Denisewantedtotalkaboutanexamshewasabouttotake.Shehadstoppedbyforthesecondtimeintwodays,toletthetwolistenersknowhowitwent.
Marciahadlostherhusbandtoaseriousdisease."
Thatwasveryheavyonmymind,"
Marciasaid."
Tobeabletotalkaboutittototalstrangerswasverygood,"
sheexplained.
Tocelebrateayearoftalking,thetwoheldaget-togetherinacityparkforallthepeopletheyhadmetoverthepastyear.Afewhundredpeopleshowedup,aswellassometelevisioncameramenandreporters.
Theymayplanmorepartiesortrytoattractmorepeopletojointheirinformaltalks.Somepublishershaveexpressedinterestinabook,somethingtheysaythey'
llconsider.
1.WhatdidLizandBillstartdoingafterSeptember2001?
A.Chattingwithpeople.
B.Settingupstreetsigns
C.Tellingstoriestostrangers
D.Organizingaspeaker'
scorner
2.Whattheyhavebeendoingcanbedescribedas
.
A.pointless
B.normal
C.crazy
D.successful
3.WhyareDeniseandMarciamentionedinthetext?
A.TheyknewLizandBillverywell.
B.Theyhappenedtomeetthewriterofthetext.
C.Theyorganizedtheget-togetherinthecitypark.
D.TheyareexamplesofthosewhotalkedtoLizandBill.
4.WhatwillLizandBilldointhefuture?
A.Goinforpublishing.
B.Domoretelevisionprograms.
C.Continuewhattheyaredoing.
D.Spendmoretimereadingbooks.
5.Howdotheyliketheyideaofwritingabook?
A.Theyhavedecidedtowaitayearortwo
B.Theywillthinkaboutitcarefully
C.Theyagreedimmediately
D.Theyfindithardtodothat
1.A。
本篇讲述了两个大学毕业生与陌生人交谈,倾听人们向他们倾述的互惠的活动。
文章从联想开始,简介LizandBill(这是两个人的名字,又是交谈与倾听活动的名称)做什么,怎样开始的,效果如何,未来打算等,其中等六段和第七段是插叙(从shortlyafter…到…experiences,anything.),讲述的就是两个年轻人怎样开始这一活动的。
故选A项;
开始与人聊天。
LizandBill活动很成功。
从倒数第二段可知:
为庆祝该活动一周所举办的聚会,有许多人参加,记者和摄影师都来了,说明很成功。
3.D。
Liz和Bill同许多人谈生活,倾听过许多人跟他们谈心,Denise和Marcia是其中的两人。
提到他们来做例子。
4.C。
最后一段的前一句说明他们还想吸引更多的人来加入这一活动,与他们聊天。
5.B。
本题问Liz和Bill怎么看待写本书这回事,全篇最后一句可知,但本句结构较复杂。
something是代词,是abook的同位语,"
they'
llconsider"
是定语从句,"
theysay"
起到插入语的作用。
全句可译为:
有些出版商表达了给Liz和Bill出本书的兴趣,Liz和Bill说他们会考虑这件事。
consider一词可解释为thinkaboutcarefully,"
something"
指出书写书。
故选B。
例3:
Myfirstreactionwasannoyance.ItwasFridayafternoon,andIwaswithinanhouroffinishingmyworkfortheweek.AsIwasleaving,anursebroughtmeonemorepatientmessage.Thestatementread:
"
Mrs.Jonescalledtosaythatshehashadblurredvision(视觉模糊)eversincehermedicaltestthismorning."
Ismiled.Suddenlyourtestswerecausingeyeproblems.
Thisweekmypatientshadquestionedeverything.MypatientwithhighbloodpressurehadstoppedcomingtohertreatmentontheadviceofanInternetchatroom.Awomanwhohadamentalproblemwassubstituting(用……代替)St.John'
swordforhermedication.NowMrs.Joneswasimaginingproblems.Irolledmyeyes.
Mysecondreactionwasworry.AsIlookedthroughherrecord,Itriedtofigureoutwhyshewouldhaveblurredvision,butnothinginherrecordexplainedthenewproblem.She'
sprobablyjustanxious,Ithought.Still,shewouldn'
thavecalledifshehadbeenallright.Ipickedupthephone.
WhatInextfeltcanonlybedescribedasdelight.BeforeImadethecall,thenurseranin:
Mrs.Jonescalled.Hervisionisfine.Turnsoutshepickedupthewrongglasseswhenshelefttheoffice.TheX-raytechnicianhasbeenhavingthesameproblem.Iletoutalaugh.Mrs.Joneshadbeenright.Hervisionhadbeenblurred.Nowweknowwhy.
FinallyIfeltshame.IcametorealizewhatMrs.Joneshadtaughtme.Ihadfirstknownshewaswrong,thatheranxietyhadcloudedherjudgment.Instead,mymedicaltraininghadcloudedmine.NowImeformyhelp.Theypaymetolisten,diagnose(诊断),treatandtalk.Thatsuggeststrust;
Imustrememberthat,andtrustthemtoo.
1.Thewritersmiledwhilereadingthepatientmessagebecauseheknew
.
A.Mrs.Joneswouldaskformoretests
B.thepatientwasbeingunreasonable
C.thenursewasjokingwithhim
D.Mrs.Joneswouldcallhim
2.WhathadcausedMrs.Jones'
eyeproblem?
A.Wrongglasses
B.Medicalcheckup.
C.Herownimagination
D.ChattingontheInternet
3.Theunderlinedwords"
cloudedherjudgment"
inthelastparagraphprobablymean
A.madeherlesstrustfultowardthedoctor
B.putherincontrolofherownfeelings
C.madeherlessabletothinkclearly
D.putherinadangeroussituation
1.B。
本篇讲一个医生要结束一周的工作时几分钟内的心理历程。
一周来,病人们不断怀疑或不信任自己,其中一个病人Mrs.Jones也来电话说上午看完病后眼睛看不清东西,医生先是烦躁,进而担心焦虑是否真的有问题或病人只是在想像,再而是高兴——Mrs.Jones只是戴错了眼镜,自己的诊断治疗没问题。
最后是惭愧,病人还是信任自己的,自己也必须信任病人。
文章第二段活用了许多过去完成时,说明这些事先发生,许多病人开始没道理地怀疑自己,现在又轮到Mrs.Jones。
所以医生知道这位病人有些没理性。
2.A。
第四段的前几句说明了Mrs.Jones视力正常,(下班)离开办公室时拿错了眼镜。
画线部分中cloud作动词用,是用云挡住的意思,整体画线部分应是"
影响了她的判断力,使她不能正常思考"
,本题可用代入法解决。
例4:
It'
snottheflashiestcarintheworld.Notevenclose.Butthe1971VolkswagennamedHelioscandosomethingmostcarscan'
t:
runonsolarenergy—energyfromthesun'
slightandhead!
JoshuaBechtold,14,andtheotherstudentsattheRiversideSchoolinLyndonville,Vermont,workedTheynamedtheircarafterHelios,thesungodinGreekmythology(神话)。
The4-year-oldTourdeSolencouragestheuseof"
green"
orenvironmen-tallyfriendly,carstohelpreducepollutionandsaveenengy.It'
snotarace.Carsarejudgedonfuelefficiency(耗油量)ratherthanspeed.Intheweek-longevent,44carstookthe350-miletourfromWaterbury,Connecticut,toLakeGeorge,NewYork.Ofthe23studentcars,Helioswastheonlyonebuiltbymiddleschoolstudents.
AteacherdroveHelios,butthechildrentalkedwithpeoplewherevertheystoppedalongtheroad."
Thatwasmyfavoritepart,"
saysAnnaBrowne,15."
Weexplainedhowthecarruns."
Dueinparttoold,inefficientbatteries(电池),Heliosfinishedfourth—outoffour—i
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