职称英语理工B真题及答案Word文档格式.docx
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职称英语理工B真题及答案Word文档格式.docx
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cameacross
threechildrensleepingunderabridge.
A.foundbychanceB.passedbyC.tookanoticeofD.wokeup
4.Therulesaretoo
rigid
toallowforhumaneerror.
A.generalB.complexC.directD.inflexible
5.Itseems
incredible
thathehadbeenthereaweekalready.
A.unbelievableB.rightC.obviousD.unclear
6.Shegets
aggressive
whensheisdrunk.
A.worriedB.sleepyC.anxiousD.offensive
7.Rumorsbeganto
circulate
abouthisfinancialproblems.
A.sendB.hearC.spreadD.confirm
8.Asapolitician,heknowshowto
manipulate
publicopinion.
A.expressB.influenceC.divideD.voice
9.Theseanimals
migrate
southannuallyinsearchoffood.
A.exploreB.travelC.inhabitD.prefer
10.Hewas
tempted
bythehighsalaryofferedbythecompany.
A.taughtB.keptC.changedD.attracted
11.Thepolicewillneedtokeepa
wary
eyeonthisareaoftown.
A.cautiousB.nakedC.blindD.private
12.Makesurethetableissecurely
anchored.
A.repairedB.clearedC.bookedD.fixed
13.Comeout,orI’ll
bust
thedoordown.
A.shutB.breakC.setD.beat
14.Thecontractbetweenthetwocompanieswill
expire
soon.
A.shortenB.startC.endD.resume
15.Hepaused,waitingforherto
digest
theinformation.
A.understandB.withholdC.exchangeD.contact
参考答案:
CCADADCBBDADBCA
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;
如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;
如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及,请选择C。
WideWorldofRobots
Engineerswhobuildandprogramrobotshavefascinatingjobs.Theseresearcherstinker(修补)withmachinesinthelabandwritecomputersoftwaretocontrolthesedevices.“They’rethebesttoysoutthere,”saysHowleChosetatCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh.Chosetisaroboticist,apersonwhodesigns,buildsorprogramsrobots.
WhenChosetwasakid,hewasinterestedinanythingthatmoved—cars,trains,animals.HeputmotorsonTinkertoycarstomakethemmove.Later,inhighschool,hebuiltmobilerobotssimilartosmallcars.
Hopingtocontinueworkingonrobots,hestudiedcomputerscienceincollege.ButwhenhegottograduateschoolattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena,Choset’slabmateswereworkingonsomethingevencoolerthanremotelycontrolledcars:
roboticsnakes.Somerobotscanmoveonlyforward,backward,leftandright.Butsnakescantwist(扭曲)inmanydirectionsandtraveloveralotofdifferenttypesofterrain(地形).“Snakesarefarmoreinterestingthanthecars,”Chosetconcluded.
AfterhestartedworkingatCarnegieMellon,Chosetandhiscolleaguestherebagandevelopingtheirownsnakerobots.Choset’steamprogrammedrobotstoperformthesamemovementsasrealsnakes,suchasslidingandinchingforward.Therobotsalsomovedinwaysthatsnakesusuallydon’t,suchasrolling.Choset’ssnakerobotscouldcrawl(爬行)throughthegrass,swiminapondandevenclimbaflagpole.
ButChosetwonderedifhissnakesmightbeusefulformedicineaswell.Forsomeheartsurgeries,thedoctorhastoopenapatient’schest,cuttingthroughthebreastbone.Recoveringfromthesesurgeriescanbeverypainful.Whatifthedoctorcouldperformtheoperationbyinsteadmakingasmallholeinthebodyandsendinginathinroboticsnake?
ChosetteamedupwithMarcoZenati,aheartsurgeonnowatHarvardMedicalSchool,toinvestigatetheidea.Zenatipracticedusingtherobotonaplasticmodelofthechestandtheytestedtherobotinpigs.
AcompanycalledMedroboticsinBostonisnowadaptingthetechnologytosurgeriesonpeople.
Evenafter15yearsofworkingwithhisteam'
screations,"
Istilldon'
tgetboredofwatchingthemotionofmyrobots,"
Chosetsays.
16.Chosetbegantobuildrobotsinhighschool.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
17.Snakerobotscouldmoveinonlyfourdirections.
18.Chosetdidn’tbegindevelopinghisownsnakerobotsuntilhestartedworkingCarnegieMellon.
19.Choset’ssnakerobotscouldmakemoremovementsthantheonesothersdeveloped.
20.Theapplicationofathinroboticsnakemakesheartsurgerieslesstime-consuming.
21.Zenatitestedtherobotonpeopleafterusingitinpigs.
22.TherobotictechnologyforsurgeriesonpeoplehasbroughtahandsomeMedrobotics.
ABAACCC
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个最佳标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
BlackHoles
1Blackholescanbebestdescribedasasortofvacuum,suckingupeverythinginspace.Scientistshavediscoveredthatblackholescomefromanexplosionofhugestars.Starsthatareneardeathcannolongerburnduetolossoffuel,andbecauseitstemperaturecannolongercontrolthegravitational(重力的)force,hydrogenendsupputtingpressureontothestar’ssurfaceuntilitsuddenlyexplodesthencollapses.
2Blackholescomefromstarsthataremadeofhydrogen,othergasesandafewmetals.Whentheseexplodeitcanturnintoastellar-mass(恒星质量)blackhole,whichcanonlyoccurifthestarislargeenough(shouldbebiggerthanthesun)fortheexplosiontobreakitintopieces,andthegravitystartstocompacteverypieceintothetiniestparticle.Trytoseeandcompare:
ifastarthat’stentimesthesizeofthesunendsupbeingablackholethat’snolongerthan70kilometers,thentheEarthwouldbecomeblackholethat’sonlyafractionofaninch!
3Objectsthatgetsuckedinablackholewillalwaysremainthere,nevertobreakfree.Butrememberthatblackholescanonlygobbleup(吞噬)objectswithinaspecificdistancetoit.It’spossibleforalargestarnearthesuntobecomeablackhole,butthesunwillcontinuetostayinplace.Orbits(轨道)donotchangebecausethenewlyformedblackholecontainsexactlythesameamountofmassaswhenitwasastar,onlythisitsmassistotallycontractedthatitcanendupasnobiggerthanastate.
4Sofar,astronomershavefiguredoutthatblackholesexistbecauseofAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity.Intheend,throughnumerousstudies,theyhavediscoveredthatblackholestrulyexist.Sinceblackholestraplightanddonotgiveofflight,itisnotpossibletodetectblackholesviaatelescope.Butastronomerscontinuetoexploregalaxies(银河系),spaceandthesolarsystemtounderstandhowblackholes.Itispossiblethatblackholescanexistformillionsofyears,andlatercontributefurtherprocessingalaxies,whichcaneventuallyleadtocreationofnewentities.Scientistsalsocreditblackholesashelpfulinlearninghowgalaxiesbegantoform.
A.Whathappenstotheobjectsaroundablackhole?
B.Isthereproofthatblackholesreallyexist?
C.Howwereblackholesnamed?
D.Whataredifferenttypesofblackholes?
E.Whatareblackholesmadeof?
F.Howareblackholesformed?
23.Paragraph1F
24.Paragraph2E
25.Paragraph3A
26.Paragraph4B
27.Blackholesareformedafter___D______.
28.Whenalargestarexplodes,thegravitycompactseverypieceinto____F_____.
29.Anewlyformedblackholeandthestaritcomesfromareof___C______.
30.AlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativityhelpstoprove____A_____.
A.theexistenceofblackholes
B.thecreationofnewentities
C.thesameamountofmass
D.anexplosionofhugestars
E.afractionofaninch
F.thetiniestparticle
FEABDFCA
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。
第一篇
EnergyandPublicLands
TheUnitedStatesboastssubstantialenergyresources.FederallandsprovideagooddealofUSenergyproduction,theUSDepartmentoftheInteriormanagesfederalenergyleasing(租赁),bothonlandandontheoffshoreOuterContinentalShelf。
Productionfromthesesourcesamountstonearly30percentoftotalannualUSenergyproduction.
In2000,32percentofUSoil,35percentofnaturalgas,and37percentofcoalwereproducedfromfederallands,representing20,000producingoilandgasleasesand135producingcoalleases.Federallandsarealsoestimatedtocontainapproximately68percentofallundiscoveredUSoilreservesand74percentofundiscoverednaturalgas.
Revenuesfromfederaloil,gas,andcoalleasingprovidesignificantreturnstoUStaxpayersaswellasStateGovernment.In1999,forexample,$553millioninoilandgasrevenueswerepaidtotheUSTreasury,andnon-Indiacoalleasesaccountedforover$304millioninrevenues,ofwhich50percentwerepaidtoStategovernments.Publiclandsalsoplayacriticalroleinenergydelivery.Eachyear,federallandmanagersauthorizerightsofwayfortransmissionlines,railsystems,pipelines,andotherfacilitiesrelatedtoenergyproductionanduse.
Alternativeenergyproductionfromfederallandsfallsbehindconventionalenergyproduction,thoughtheamountisstillsignificant.Forexample,federalgeothermal(地热)resourcesproduceabout7.5billionkilowatt-hours(千瓦时)ofelectricityperyear,47percentofallelectricitygeneratedfromUSgeothermalenergy.Thereare2,960windturbinesonpubliclandsinCaliforniaalone,producingelectricityforabout300,000people.Federalhydropowerfacilitiesproduceabout17percentofallhydropowerproducedintheUnitedStates.
BecauseofthegrowingUSthirstforenergyandincreasingpublicuneasewithinfluenceonforeignoffsources,pressureonpubliclandstomeetUSenergydemandisbecomingmoreintense.Publiclandsareavailableforenergydevelopmentonlyaftertheyhavebeenevaluatedthroughthelanduseplanning
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