Unit 8 If Picasso Were A ProgrammerWord文档下载推荐.docx

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"

Feed"

turnsWebdataintoadizzyingdisplayofgraphicalactivity—partmathematicalalgorithm,partJacksonPollock.

2.Thisisnotyourmother'

sover-the-couchart.Napier'

s"

antibrowser"

isjustoneexampleofanewtypeofvisualexpression:

digital,dynamicandmadespecificallyfortheInternet.Someworks,like"

Feed,"

reshapelivedatafromtheWeb.Othersusetelerobotics,FlashanimationandWebbrowsersthewayLeonardodaVinciusedpaintandcharcoal.Asvariedasthetechnologiesthatproduceit,onlineartisflourishing.Thisyearithitthemuseumscene,big-time,andnowgalleriesaretryingtofigureouthowtosellit.

3.ThisspringsawtherolloutofmajorNetartexhibitionsonbothcoasts,fromtheSanFranciscoMuseumofModernArt'

s 

010101:

ArtinTechnologicalTimes 

totheWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt'

srecent 

DataDynamics.NewYork'

sMuseumofModernArt,London'

sTateBritainandeventhestaidSmithsonianaregettingintotheact.Meanwhile,long-runningdigitalculturesiteslike 

Rhizome.org 

and 

Turbulence.org 

actasincubatorsforthishigh-techart.（Foralistofsites,see 

IsItArtYet?

）

4.So,onlineart'

soutthere.But…isitart?

Forthepeoplewhomakeit,theanswerisindisputablyyes."

Mycriteriaforartisthatit'

sbeautifulandthatitchangesthewayyouseetheworld,"

saysMartinWattenberg,whoseworksarefeaturedonseveralmuseumsites."

Tomymind,thisartisboth."

5.Butthoseofuswhodon'

tprogramsoftwaremightnotbesosure.Netartislessthanadecadeold,andevenitsmostardentchampionswouldn'

tdescribeitasamaturemedium.Photographytookmorethanhalfacenturytobetakenseriouslyasafineartform.Videospentyearsonthecounterculturalfringesbeforereachingthemuseumgallery.Bycomparison,onlineartisstillinitsformativestages.ObservesWattenberg,whohasworkedvisualizingfinancialdataforSmartMsince1996,"

IfNetartwereacompany,rightnowwouldbeacoupleofmonthsbeforetheIPO."

6.Fortheartiststhat'

spartoftheappeal.Butitalsomeansthattheideabehindaworkcansometimesbemorecompellingthanwhatactuallyappearsonthescreen.Andforviewerswithoutathoroughgroundingintechnology—oradvancedmath—themostinnovativevisualprogramscanseemlikelittlemorethanhigh-endscreensavers.

7.ButWebartismuchmorethanthat.Itsmoststrikingdifferencefromtraditionalartisthemoreactiveroleoftheviewer—orshouldwesay,user—whoseinputisoftenessentialtocompletingthework.Take"

Apartment,"

aworkbyWattenbergandMarekWalczak.Asuserstypetheirthoughtsintothecomputer,theprogramtranslatestheirwordsintoblueprintsforindividualapartments—themoretalkaboutdreamsandsex,forinstance,thebiggerthebedroom.Thebasicset-upcouldn'

tbesimpler:

nouser,noart.

8.Youmightgetusedtointeractingwithyourart.Butwillyouwanttocollectthisstuff?

ArtdealerscallNetartatoughsell."

Peopleloveobjects,"

explainsgalleryownerSandraGering,whofirstworkedwithonlineartbackinthemid-1990s.ThisartisonlyaccessibletothosewithacomputerandaWebconnection.

9.Forthetimebeingatleast,worksthatembedNetartinphysicalinstallationsfareconsiderablybetterinthemarketplace.WhilecomputercodeisthecoreofJohnF.Simon'

sart,Geringsellshisworkassculpturalobjects—software,computerandscreeninacompletepackage.Andinaconceptborrowedfromprintmaking（andvideoart）,sheissuestheminlimitededitionsofadozenorless—allofwhichhavesoldout,atpricesrangingfrom$20,000to$50,000.Ifthesoftwarecrashes,thecollectorsimplyshipsthepiecebacktothegalleryforaquickfixbySimon.

10.Onecollector,NewJerseyphysicianJohnBurger,who'

sboughtallfiveeditionstodate,neverevenownedapersonalcomputer.Forhim,Simon'

sworksareabstractart—"

sointelligent,socreative,sounlikeanythingI'

deverseen"

—andthedigitalaspectisalmostbesidethepoint.

11.OtherdealersbearoutGering'

sassessment:

youneedanobject—atangible 

thing—tosell.JuliaFriedman'

srecentlyopenedChicagogalleryhandlessculpturalpieceswithWebelements,likeEduardoKac'

Genesis,"

aworkthatincorporateslive,eerilybeautifulWebcamimagesofmutatingbacteria.

12.Butothersalesmodelsareemerging.Simonsellsanunlimitededitionof"

EveryIcon"

—aworkfeaturedinlastyear'

sWhitneyBiennial—ontheWebfor$20,inado-it-yourselfdownload.Sofar,he'

smovedabout90ofthem,andsaleshavepickedupsinceoperationsmovedtoan 

AZShop.

13.Netomat,anonlineapplicationofferingan"

alternativebrowsingexperience,"

hasbeenavailableforfreedownloadat 

N 

sinceJune1999.Sofartherehavebeen750,000downloads.Nowitsdeveloper,MaciejWisniewski,hasquithispostasanXMLdeveloperatIBM.comtoconverthisartprojectintoaninteractivee-mailclient.

14.MicheleThursz,directorofNewYork'

sMovingImageGallery,isworkingwithartiststosellsharesinlimited-accesscollectingcommunities.Thecollectorswillshareintheongoingcreativeworkofartist-designedWebsites,andinthesaleofanydigitalprintsorotherobjectsthatresult.Etoy,aNetartgrouprepresentedbyNewYork'

sPostmastersGallery,hasalreadyissued640,000sharesinitsdigitalcollective,15%ofwhichareownedbycollectors.Buyersevengetsignedcollectiblestockcertificatesemblazonedwiththeartwork.EvenifEtoyartneverappreciates,thecertificatesonyourlivingroomwallmaystillbrightenyourday.

15.Surprisingly,corporationsandgovernmentagenciesarebuyingintothisuntestedartform.JohnKlima'

sNet-basedwork,"

ecosystm,"

wascommissionedbyZurichCapitalMarketsfortheemployees'

loungeofitsNewYorkoffice.Convertingindividualworldcurrenciesintocompetingflocksofbirds,"

ecosystm"

trackscurrencyfluctuations—whichdirectlyaffectthewell-beingofeachflock—andglobalweather,bothinrealtime.Cost:

$14,000andcounting.Andthatdoesn'

tincludetheextra$14,000thatZurichspentfora50-inchgas-plasmamonitortodisplayitallon.

16.AnotherKlimawork,"

Earth,"

hasbeenleasedfor$1,000ayearbytheNationalLibraryofMedicineforitsBethesda,Md.building."

YoulicenseitlikeWindows98,"

theartistnotes."

Attheendof18months,they'

llstillownthesoftware,buttherearenomoreupdatesortechsupport."

17.ArtistWattenbergisalsolookingtodesigncustom-interfaceartforcorporateWebsites."

Icanseeacorporationcommissioningmetodesignabeautifulfrontend,"

hesays,"

likethebig,impressivesculptureinthefrontlobby."

WithRhizome.orgastheproducer,WattenbergiscurrentlydevelopinganinterfaceforNASA'

sartcollectionontheWeb,expectedtolaunchbyearly2002.

18.it’snotsurprisingthatWeb-basedartdealers,like 

E,aregettingintothismarket.TheU.K.-basedcompany,whichbegansellingdigitalphotographyonlineinDecember1999,nowhasadozendigitalartprojectsinthepipeline,halfofwhichshouldlaunchthisfall.Likeotherdealers,Eyestormislookingatawiderangeofsalesstrategies,fromcorporatecommissionstolimited-editionCD-ROMsandDVDstomicropaymentsonapay-per-viewbasis.

19.Lestyouthinkthemediumispausingtocatchitsbreath,restassured—theenvelopeisstillbeingpushed.Currentlyintheworks:

atleastoneshowofartcreatedforpagers,cellphonesandPDAs.Whichbegsthequestion,howdoyoupreventillegalcopyingwhenartisbeingbeamedfromcellphonetocellphone?

AUser'

sGuide

MuseumWebSites

DiaCenterfortheArts

www.diacenter.org

MuseumofModernArt

www.moma.org/timestream

SanFranciscoMuseumofModernArt

www.sfmoma.org

Clickon010101:

ArtinTechnologicalTimes;

Crossfade

SmithsonianAmericanArtMuseum

www.AmericanArt.si.edu

ClickonHelios

WalkerArtCenter

www.walkerart.org

ClickonGallery9;

WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt

www.whitney.org/artport

DigitalCultureWebSites

Rhizome

http:

//rhizome.org

Turbulence

www.turbulence.org

Artists'

WebSites

Etoy

EduardoKac

www.ekac.org

JohnKlima

MarkNapier

www.potatoland.org

JohnSimon

MartinWattenberg

withMarekWalczak:

MaciejWisniewski

GalleryWebSites

JuliaFriedmanGallery

SandraGeringGallery

MovingImageGallery

Postmasters