一英语议论文写作要点Word文档格式.docx
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一英语议论文写作要点Word文档格式.docx
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例:
课本高二上P78第一封信ﻫTutorial centerishelpful.
Ihavestudiedatatutorial centerfortwo years。
MycommandofEnglishhas improved considerablysince Istarted thiscourse。
Atmycenter,thefeesarereasonable.Mytutorsare qualified teachers。
Ihavebeenhelpedalot bythem.They are sincere andkind.
Oneof myteacherswasBritish。
At first,Icould notsayanythingto her.But laterIlearnedhow tocommunicate in Englishwitha westerner。
I thinkthatthe tutorialcenterhasgivenmea lotof confidencein usingEnglish.
评注:
第一段提出论点,体现家教中心是helpful(段划线部分) ,主体段分别从几个方面(划线部分)来阐述家教中心的确有帮助,结论段重申家教中心的作用(划线部分),且语句表达与第一段中的不重复.
三、议论文的写作模式
1。
议论文的类型
英语议论文根据命题特点,从形式上来看可分为如下类型:
ﻫ①“一分为二”的观点.如“轿车大量进入家庭后,对家庭、环境、经济可能产生的影响"
②“两者选一"的观点.如,期中考试作文题,“乘火车还是乘飞机”ﻫ③“我认为……”型.如“你对课外阅读的看法”ﻫ④“怎样……(howto)"
型.如“怎样克服学习中碰到的困难”. ﻫ⑤ 图表作文.通过阅读图表中的数字与项目得出一个结论或形成一种看法. ﻫ按照高二上学期的写作要求,学生主要应掌握①②两种类型的议论文的写作.在第①种类型中命题涉及某一事物或现象的正反两个方面:
通过正反两个方面的对比,得出结论是利大于弊,还是弊大于利.论证要围绕所要得出的结论来展开,若利大于弊,则有利的一面要多阐述一点.反之亦然.
在第②种类型中,命题要求在A或B两者之间作一比较或选择,两个对象往往各有优势,所以结论部分有两种情况:
a.要么支持A,要么支持B;
b. A、B优势均难的割舍,只好依情况而定在结论部分说清楚在什么条件选A, 在什么条件选B.ﻫ下面重点介绍第①、②种类型议论文的写作模式。
2。
“一分为二”观点的议论文模式ﻫIntroductionﻫ第1段:
Nowadaysmoreandmorepeople.../...plays animportantpartin...。
likeeverythingelse,...has/havebothfavorable andunfavorableaspects/bothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Generally,thefavorableaspects/advantagescanbelistedas follows.
Mainbody
第2段:
Firstly,.。
Secondly,…Inaddition/What’smore… ﻫ第3段:
Everycoinhas twosides. Thenegative aspects/disadvantagesarealsoapparent/obvious.Tobeginwith…;
Tomakemattersworse…;
Worse ofall…
Conclusion
第4段:
Through aboveanalysis/All thingsconsidered, we can see thatthepositive aspects/advantagesoutweighthenegativeones/disadvantages。
Therefore…
例文1.看电视的利与弊Advantagesand disadvantagesofwatching TV
Nowadaysmore andmore peopleliketowatch TV。
SoTV playsa veryimportantpart inourlife. Butwatching TVhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Generally,theadvantagescan belistedasfollows. ﻫFirstly, youcanexpandyourknowledge bywatchingTV。
As weall know,learningthingsby TVismuchfasterthanbylistening totheradio or just byreadingbooks.Forithascolorfulpicturesaswellaswonderful music。
Secondly, youmayknowanybodyyouwanttoknowsuch as famoussingers,superstars,scientists andsoon.ﻫWhat’s more, youcangoeverywhereby travelingprograms.Let’s suppose,ifyouliketravelingvery much,butyouhaveto workon weekendsorholidays, you mustbeverysad。
Andnowopenyour TVandit'
ll takeyoutoanywhere.
Everycoinhastwo sides。
Thedisadvantagesarealsoobvious.Forexample,watching toomuchTV can easilybecomeshort-sighted, especially forchildrenandstudents。
To makemattersworse,some youngstudents arekeen onwatchingTV sothattheygiveup theirstudies gradually.ﻫThroughaboveanalysis,Ithink watchingTVis awayofstudying, itis goodforusto watchTV. Butwhenwe watchTV, weshouldmakeaplan otherwisewatchingTVwill destroyourlife。
例文2。
谈谈出国留学的利与弊Whereto attendacollege
Nowadaysmoreandmoreyoungpeoplearegoingto studyabroad.Likeeverything else,studyingabroadhas bothfavorable and unfavorableaspects. Generally,thefavorableaspectscanbelistedasfollows.
Firstly,theythinkbyattending acollegeinaforeigncountry theycan learnnotonly usefulknowledge,butalsothecultureandcustomsof othernations.Secondly,theycan take advantageofthisopportunityto gain agoodcommandoftheforeignlanguagethey arelearningveryquickly.Moreover,theycan meet differentpeopleand experiencedifferentcultures,whichmayhelp to broadentheirviews.
Everycoinhastwo sides。
Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent。
Thecostsaremuch higher thanthose intheir native country. Mostoverseasstudentshavetoworkforaliving,whichcan'
tallowthemto payall their attentiontostudy。
What’s more,theymayfeelverylonely.
Through aboveanalysis,we can seethatthepositiveaspectsoutweighthenegativeones.Therefore, Iam infavorof goingabroad tostudy.
写作练习:
①谈谈校服(schooluniforms)。
提示:
近年来,越来越多的中小学要求穿校服.对此引发了学生中由对这个问题的讨论,请写一片英语短文阐述你的观点.ﻫReference:
some ofthemainargumentsforand againstschooluniforms。
FOR
1.Studentslookneat andtidy。
Thepublic knows which schoolyouarefrom。
3.Parentsall pay thesamemoney.
4.Studentsdon’t worryaboutfashions.
5。
Teacherscan identifystudents on school trips.
AGAINST
1。
Uniformsareexpensive。
Childrengrowfast, neednewuniforms。
3。
Someuniforms areveryuncomfortable。
4.Studentsalllook thesame,can’tbeindividuals。
5.Getboredwithsameclothesevery day。
②说广告(aboutadvertisement).ﻫ提示:
有人说广告在现代社会是很重要,有人认为广告的促销成分太多,你认为……
3.“两者选一”观点的议论文模式
模式⑴:
A、B两者优劣势分析,要么选A,要么选B。
ﻫIntroductionﻫ第1段:
Somepeoplehold theopinionthat(A)issuperiorto (B)inmany ways。
Others,however,arguethat (B)ismuchbetter。
Personally,I wouldprefer(A) becauseIthink (A)hasmoreadvantages。
Main body
第2段:
Therearemanyreasons whyI prefer (A)。
Themain reasonisthat …Anotherreason isthat…(赞同A的原因)ﻫ第3段:
Ofcourse,choosing (B)also hasadvantages to someextent,(列出1~2个B的优势)
Conclusionﻫ第4段:
Butifallthese factorsare considered,(A)ismuchbetterthan(B).fromwhathasbeendiscussed above, wemay finallydrawtheconclusionthat …(总结观点)
例文:
Whichisbetter?
Carsor bikes?
Somepeople holdthe opinion thatprivatecars aresuperiortobicyclesinmanyways。
Others,however, argue that the bicycleismuchbetter。
Personally,Iwould prefertheuseofcarsbecauseIthink carshavemore advantages。
ﻫThereare manyreasonswhyI prefercars.The mainreasonisthatcarsbring convenienceandmobilityto theowners。
What’smore,acar isfar morecomfortabletotravelin, especiallyinthechangeableweather。
Another reasonisthat,whenmorepeoplebuycars,theautomobileindustrywilldevelopmorequickly。
Thegrowthoftheautomobileindustrycanmotivatetheriseofotherrelatedindustriessuchas iron andsteelproduction。
Ofcourse,bicyclescantakeyoutoanywhereyoulikeintownand doesnotneed alargeparkingplace. Besides,itisnotas expensiveasacarandtherefore everyfamilycanaffordtobuy.
But ifallthesefactorsare considered,carsaremuchbetterthan bicycles.From whathasbeen discussedabove,we mayfinally drawtheconclusion that peoplecanlivebetterwiththe useofcars.
模式⑵:
A、B优势相当,依情况而定,有条件地选择A或B。
ﻫIntroductionﻫ第1段:
Whichwouldyou preferifyouare faced withthechoicebetween (A)and(B)?
Beforeyoumakethedecision,youhad better makeaclosecomparison.
Main bodyﻫ第2段:
Itistruethat(选择A的优势之一)。
Itisalso truethat(选择A的优势之二)。
But(选择A的劣势)。
第3段:
Though.(选择B的劣势), (选择B的优势之一).Furthermore, (选择B的优势之二).
Conclusion
第4段:
Therefore, if you…,youshouldchoose (A),butif you…,youshould choose (B)。
(总结观点,提出建议)
例文:
Listeningto theradioorreadingthenewspapers?
ﻫWhichwouldyoupreferifyouarefacedwith thechoice betweenlisteningtotheradioand readingthe newspapers?
Before youmakethedecision,youhadbettermakea close comparison. ﻫItistrue that listeningtotheradio isquickandconvenient。
Itisalsotruethatwecanlistentotheradiowhilearedoingsomethingelse。
So wecansavea lotoftime。
Butradioprogramshavetheirown timeschedule.Youcannot get theinformationyou needevery timeyouturnonyourradio。
Thoughnewspapersarenotasquickasradio, reading from thenewspapercancertainlybringusnews moreclearlyandmoreexactly.Furthermore, whilereading, wehavetimetothinkaboutwhatwearereading,tojudge it,to analyzeit,andthenwewill bemore aware ofitscauseandeffect。
ﻫWe arelivingin aninformationage。
Wehaveto makefulluseofthe informationwecan getifweare toachieveour goals.
Therefore,if we wanttogetthelatest news,wecanlistentotheradio, butifwewant to get theexactwords,we’dbetterread thenewspaper.
① 健康与财富(HealthandWealth)ﻫ提示:
健康与财富哪个更重要一直是一个热门话题(hottopic),请简述你的观点。
②哪里住更好(Where tolive?
)
有的人喜欢往城里挤,有的人喜欢往乡下搬。
各有所好,孰是孰非,你以为如何?
参考文献:
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