小学英语语法总结Word文档下载推荐.docx
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小学英语语法总结Word文档下载推荐.docx
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单数人称名词末尾加’schild-child’s
以-s结尾的单数人称名词末尾加’swaitress-waitress’sRoss’sbrother
以-s结尾的复数人称名词末尾加’girls-girls’
一般情况下,直接在名词(有生命的)后+’s如Lily’sbook
名词以s结尾,只+’如thestudents’books
分别拥有,分别’s如Lucy’sandLily’srooms
共同拥有,最后一个名词+’s如LucyandLily’smother
无生命用“of”:
东西:
thebookofthefilm
东西的一部分:
thebottomofthebox
抽象概念:
thepriceofsuccess
’s结构也可以用于“of”结构之后,如:
afriendofmyfather’s,thissonofmine,afriendofyours,acousinofhers
练习:
写出下列各词的复数
I______him_______this________watch_______child_______photo_______diary_____
day________foot________book_______dress________
tooth_______sheep______box_______Japanese________
sheep______sandwich______dish_______German_______
tomato______woman_______
1.----How’sJoy’sskirt?
----Herskirtismorebeautifulthan________.
A.hersister’sandKateB.hersisterandKateC.hersisterandKate’sD.hersister’sandKate’s
2.Thisis_______room.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.
A.Lucy’sandLily’sB.Lucy’sandLilyC.LucyandLily’s
3.It’sabout__________walkfrommyhome.
A.tenminuteB.tenminutes’C.tenminute’sD.tenminutes
4EverymorningMr.Smithtakesa________tohisoffice.
A.20minuteswalkB.20minute’swalkC.20-minuteswalkD.20-minutewalk
5__________mothersmadethemhavepianolessons.
A.PeterandAnneB.Peter’sandAnne’sC.Peter’sandAnneD.PeterandAnne’s
6Theroomontherightis________.A.herB.sheC.Lucy’sD.Lucy
7We’llhavea____________holiday.WhataboutgoingtotheWestLake?
A.twodaysB.two-dayC.two-daysD.two-days’
8Themarketisn’tfarfromhere.It’sonly___________bicycleride.
A.halfanhours’B.halfanhour’sC.halfanhourD.anhourandahalf
9Where’syourfather?
At_________.
A.MrGreen’sB.Mr.GreenC.theMr.Green’s
10Thetwinbrothersalwaysputsmallpresentsin___________stockingsonChristmasDay.
A.eachother’sB.eachotherC.eachothersD.eachothers’
2、代词
主格宾格形容词性名词性反身
Imemyminemyself
youyouyouryoursyourself
hehimhishishimself
sheherherhersherself
itititsitsitself
weusouroursourselves
theythemtheirtheirsthemselves
youyouyouryoursyourselves
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I)
2.Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)
3.Isthis_________watch?
(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)
4.______ismybrother.________nameisJack.Look!
Thosestampsare______(he)
5._________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolorare_________?
(you)
6.Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________?
(she)
7.Icanfindmytoy,butwhere’s_________?
8.Show_________yourkite,OK?
(they
9.Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_________.(it)
10.Arethese_________tickets?
No,_________arenot______._______aren’there.(they)
3、冠词
1.不定冠词a/an
原音因素名词(发音)前an(通常aeiou开头单词)特殊例:
university,UFO用a;
hour,honestboy用a
2.定冠词the+单数可数名词/复数可数名词/不可数名词
1)用来表示“独一无二”的意思。
Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.
2)表示“说话的人刚刚提到过的人或事物”。
Thereisaboatintheriver.Theboatismadeofwood.
3)用在后面跟有限定性介词短语的名词前。
theletterfromAmerica,thefourteenthofApril
4)用在泛指的乐器名词前。
Heplaysthepiano.
5)一些常用短语。
bytheway,inthemorning,What’sthematter?
3.零冠词
三餐,球类运动,季节,节日
如havebreakfast,playbasketball,insummer,onChristmas
()1.It’sorange,orangeisorange.
A.a,theB.an,TheC.an,a
()2.What’syourfavouritesports?
highjump.
A.AB.TheC./
()3.Shallwemeetatgateofparkat7:
30.
A.the,theB.the,aC.a,a
()4.Isbasketballyours?
A.aB.theC./
()5.Lookategg.It’sbigegg.
A.an,aB.the,aC.the,an
()6.Look,studentsarecleaningclassroom.
A.a,aB.the,theC.the,an
()7.He’ssittinginappletree.
()8.Tomhasn’tgotdoginbag.
A.a,theB.the,theC.a,an
()9.Turnlefeatthirdcrossing.Thehotelisonright.
A.the,theB.a,theC.the,a
()10.Whatisladydoing?
She’sreadinginsun.
A.the,aB.the,theC.a,the
4、介词
in,on,at,under,behind,for,of,about,to
1.at,in与on在时间方面的用法at用于时刻atnoon,atmidnight,atthebeginningofthemonth,atthattime,atthatmoment,atthistimeofday;
in表示一个时期in2006,inMay,2004,inthemorning/afternoon/evening/night,inthe21stcentury,inthreedays,inaweek,inspring;
on表示特殊日子onSunday,onawarmmorninginApril,onaDecembernight,onthatafternoon,onChristmasafternoon,onOctober1,1949,onNewYear’sDay,onNewYear’sEve,onthemorningofthe15th.
2.常用的方位介词有:
in,on,to在范围之内用in,在范围之外,如果两地接壤就用on不接壤的用to.BeijingisinthenorthofChina.JapanistotheeastofChina.ShanxiProvinceisonthewestofHebeiProvince.
3.at表示"
在......处"
,一般指较小的比较具体的地点。
Heisn'
tatschool.Heisathome.in表示"
在......内部;
在......里面"
。
Whatisinthebox?
on表示"
在某物的上面"
,但两者互相接触。
Mybooksareonthattable.
under表示"
在某物垂直的正下方"
,两者之间不接触。
Mycatisundermychair.
behind表示"
在某物体的后面"
Thebroomisbehindthedoor.
infrontof表示"
在......的前面"
,正好与behind相反。
Therearesomebigtreesinfrontofourclassroom.
near表示"
在某物体的附近"
,意为"
接近、靠近"
Theballisnearthedoor.
()1.___theafternoonofMay,wevisitedtheoldman.
A.OnB.AtC.In
()2.Manypeoplework___thedayandsleep__night.
A.on;
atB.in;
inC.in;
at
()3.HespeaksJapanesebest____theboystudents.
A.betweenB.withC.among
()4.Joanhopestocomeback___threedays.
A.afterB.forC.in
()5.Theysentthelettertome___mistake.
A.byB.forC.with
()6.Helefthome___acoldwinterevening.
A.atB.onC.in
()7.Shanghaiis____theeastofChina.
A.inB.onC.to
()8.Ireallycan’tagree____you.
A.toB.onC.with
()9.Shespentallhismoney___books.
A.inB.withC.on
()10.Theyaretalking___lowvoices.
A.withB.inC.on
ACCCBBACCB
5、数词
基数词
十几+teen,几十+ty,几百3hundred,4hundredandthirty-one431,几千5thousand,seventhousandonehundredandfive7,105,几万20thousand,fivehundredandonethousandfourhundredandthirty-two501,432
序数词
通常前用thefirst/second/third...fifth,eighth,ninth和twelfth,twenty—twentieth,forty—fortieth,twenty-fourth,ninety-fifth,onehundredth,onethousandth序数词前的one不能用a代替。
onehundredandtwenty-first
hundred,thousand,million与of连用
hundred,thousand,million等前面有数词,用作确定的数目时,不用复数形式。
threethousand(不能说:
threethousands);
fivehundred(不能说:
fivehundreds)
hundred,thousand,million用作不确定的数目时,用复数形式,后接of。
hundredsofpeople;
hundredsofthousandsofpeople
练习
(
)1.Thereare___________daysinayear.
A.threehundredandsixtyfive
B.threehundredandsixty-five
C.threehundredsandsixtyfive
D.threehundredsandsixty—five
)2.Maryis_________girl.
A.an8yearold
B.8一years—old
C.the8yearsold
D.an8一year—old
()3.Jimisin__________.
A.classone,gradesixB.gradeone,classsix
C.ClassOne,GradeSixD.GradeOneClassSix
()4.Fiftyplus
.
A.fourtyisninety
B.fortyisninety
C.thirtyisninety
D.fiftyisninety
()5.Decemberis
andlastmonthinayear.
A.thetwelveth
B.twelve
C.thetwelfth
D.twelfth
()6.Hewillstayherefor
A.oneandhalfmonth
B.oneandahalfmonth
C.onemonthsandahalf
D.oneandahalfmonths
()7.
peoplediedinthetrafficaccidentsintheworld.
A.Thousandof
B.Thousandsof
C.Tenthousandsof
D.Tenthousandof
()8.
ofthesoldiersisabouttwothousand.
A.Anumber
B.Thenumberof
C.Agreatnumber
D.Thebiggestnumbersof
()9.Two__diedofcoldlastwinter.
A.hundredsoldpeopleB.hundredoldpeopleC.hundredsoldpeoplesD.hundredoldpeoples
()10.Thetwogreatmenwrotethoselettersin__.
A.1870'
sB.1879sC.the1870'
sD.the1870
BDCBCDBBBC
6、形容词&
副词
形容词用来描写或修饰名词(或代词)。
1.Thefilmisveryinteresting.2.LucyisolderthanHelen.
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句。
1.Theproblemisverydifficult.2.Hewrotetheletterscarefully.
1.方式副词:
carefully,quickly,suddenly…
2.地点副词:
here,there,up,down…
3.时间副词:
yesterday,today,now…
4.程度副词:
very,quite,much,just…
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
情况比较级最高级
一般情况+er,如:
taller,longer,faster,sooner+est,如:
tallest,longest,fastest,soonest
以e结尾的词+r,如:
later,nicer,larger+st,如:
latest,nicest,largest
以重读闭音节结尾的词双写+er,如:
bigger,fatter双写+est,如:
biggest,fattest
以辅音字母加y结尾的词把y改为i+er,如:
busier,earlier把y改为i+est,如:
busiest,earliest
大部分多音节词前加more如:
morecareful/wonderfully前加most,如:
mostcareful/wonderfully
不规则词good/well,many/much,far,better,more,farther/further,best,most,farthest/further
1.两个重要特征:
as……as中间一定用原形,有than的时候一定+er。
2.持续不断的变化,用“双重比较。
如:
Heiscryingharderandharder.Ourcountrygetsmoreandmorebeautiful.
3.两个变化一起发生,把比较级形式和the一起用,表示“越……,就越……”如:
Thehigherthemountainis,thethinnertheairis.Theearlieryoustart,thesooneryouwillbeback.
1、写出下列形
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