大学英语四级真题及答案完整版Word文档格式.docx
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大学英语四级真题及答案完整版Word文档格式.docx
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mark
corresponding
letter
fo
reach
item
on
AnswerSheet2witha
single
line
centr
e.You
may
not
use
any
words
bank
more
than
once.
Justbecausetheycan'
tsingoperaorrideabicycledoesn'
tmea
nthatanimalsdon'
thaveculture.There'
snobetterexampleofthis
thankillerwhales.Asoneofthemost_____(27)predators(食肉动物),k
illerwhalesmaynotfitthe_____(28)ofaculturedcreature.However,
thesebeastsoftheseadodisplayavastrangeofhighly_____(29)b
ehaviorsthatappeartobedrivingtheirgeneticdevelopment.
The
word"
culture"
comes
Latin
"
colere"
which_____(30)
means
cultivate"
.In
other
words,
it
refers
anything
that
is____
_(31)or
learnt,
rather
instinctive
or
natural.
Among
human
pop
ulations,
culture
only
affects
way
we
live,but
alsowrites
its
elfinto
our
genes,
affecting
whowe
are.
For
instance,
having
spent
many
generations
hunting
fat
marine
mammalsof
theArctic,
t
heEskimos
Greenland
have
developed
certain
genetic_____(32)that
helpthem
digestand
utilize
fat-rich
diet,thereby
allowing
mto_____(33)in
their
cold
climate.
Like
humans,
killer
whales
colonized
range
ofdifferent___
__(34)acrosstheglobe,occupying
everyoceanbasinontheplanet,
an
empire
that_____(35)from
pole
topole.
As
such,different
po
pulations
had
learn
different
techni
ques
order
gain
upper
hand
over
theirlocal
prey(猎物).Th
is,in
turn,has
major
effect
diet,
leading
scientists
to_____
(36)that
ability
tolearnpopulation-specific
methods
cou
ldbe
driving
animals'
genetic
development.
【选项】
A.acquired
B.adaptations
C.brutal
D.deliberately
E.expressed
F.extends
G.habitats
H.humble
I.image
J.literally
K.refined
L.revolves
M.speculate
N.structure
O.thrive
PartⅢReadingSectionB
Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewith
tenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgi
veninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichth
einformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethano
nce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestions
bymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
Living
withparents
edges
out
living
arrangements
for18-t
o34-year
-olds.
[A]Broad
demographic(
人口的)shifts
is
marital
status,
educational
attainment
and
employment
havetransformed
young
adult
s
U.S.areliving,
new
Pew
Research
Center
analysis
hig
hlights
implications
these
changes
most
basic
elemen
lives—where
they
call
home.
2014,
first
time
130
years,
adults
ages18to34were
slightly
likely
tobe
theirparents'
home
were
beliving
wit
h
spouse
partner
own
household.
[B]ThisturnofeventsisfueledprimarilybythedramaticdropntheshareofyoungAmericanswhoarechoosingtosettledownomanticallybeforeage35.Datingbackto1880,themostcommon
i
r
arrangement
among
has
been
livingwith
rom
anticpartner,
whethera
asignificant
other.
This
type
peaked
around
1960,
when
62%
nation'
18-to
34-year-olds
witha
orpartner
hou
sehold,
onlyone-in-five
parents.
[C]By2014,31.6%ofyoungadultswerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold,belowthesharelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s)(32.1%).Some14%ofyoungadultslivedalone,wereasingleparentorlivedwithoneormoreroommates.Theremaining22%livedinthehomeofanotherfamilymember(suchas
agrandparent,in-lawupquarterslikecollege
orsibling(兄弟姐妹)),anon-relative,dormitories.
oringro
[D]
It'
worth
noting
overallshare
parents
was
at
record
high
2014.
arrangem
ent
1940,
about
35%of
34-
year
-olds
lived
withmom
and/or
dad
(compared
32%
201
4).What
haschanged,
instead,
therelative
share
adopting
differe
ntways
early
adulthood,
decline
romantic
c
oupling
pushing
top
much
less
uniform
l
istof
arrangements.
adults,
livingarrangements
differ
significantly
byg
ender.
menages18
34,
athome
mom
da
dhasbeenthedominant
since
2009,
2
8%of
youngmen
intheir
home,while35%werelivingin
parent(s).
Young
women,however,
arestill
aspouse
partner(35%)than
aretobe
withtheir
parent(s)
(29%).
[F]
2014,more
women(16%)than
men(13%)were
heading
up
householdwithout
partner.
Thisismainly
because
womenare
men
besingle
livi
ng
children.
part,
men(25%)are
likel
y
women(19%)to
be
inthe
homeofanother
famil
member,
non-relative
insome
group
quarters.
[G]
Avariety
factorscontribute
tothelong-run
increase
th
e
ofyoung.
Adults
theparents.
Thefirst
stponement
of,
if
retreat
from,
marriage.
average
age
fir
st
marriage
risen
steadily
fordecades.
addition,
growing
sh
areof
avoiding
altogether.
Apreviou
projected
as
asone-in-fo
uroftoday'
syoungadultmaynevermarry.Whilecohabitation(同居)
hasbeenontherise,theoverallshareofyoungadultsedorlivingwithanunmarriedpartnerhassubstantially
eitherfallen
marri
1990.
[H]
addition,trendsin
both
status
wages
ha
velikely
contributed
tothe
who
are
parent(s),
especially
true
men.
Employed
aremuch
likelyto
live
atho
me
without
ajob,
andemployment
menhasfallen
recent
decades.
jobs
1960
at84%.
2014,only71%of1
8-to34-year-old
employed.
Similarly
earnings,
men'
(after
adjusting
inflation)
downwa
rdtrajectory(
轨迹)since
1970
fell
form
2000
2010.
fallen
the
oftheir
risen.
[I]Economicfactorsseemtoexplainlessofwhyyoungadultwomenareincreasinglylikelytoliveathome.Generally,youngwomenhavehadgrowingsuccessinthepaidlabormarketsince1960andhencemightincreasinglybeexpectedtobeabetoaffordtoaffordtoliveindependentlyoftheirparents.Forwomen,delayedmarria
ge--whichisrelated,inpart,tolabormarket
ayexplainmoreoftheincreaseintheirliving
outcomesformen—m
inthefamilyhome.
[J]
Great
Recession
(and
modest
recovery)
hasalso
ass
ociated
increaseinyoung
athome.
Initially
wake
recession,
college
enrollments
expanded,
boosting
he
ranks
And
giventheweakjobo
pportunities
facing
waspart
ofthe
pri
vatesafety
net
help
toweather
economic
storm.
[K]
Beyond
gender,
adult'
consi
derable
education
—which
tied
financia
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