全国自考00012英语一试题及答案.docx
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全国自考00012英语一试题及答案.docx
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全国自考00012英语一试题及答案
D002·00012(专卡)
绝密★考试结束前
2019年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语
(一)
(课程代码:
00012)
注意事项:
1.本课程考试时间150分钟,满分100分。
2.本试卷分为两部分,第一部分为选择题,第二部分为非选择题。
3.应考者必须按试题顺序在答题卡(纸)指定位置上作答,答在试卷上无效。
4.涂写部分、画图部分必须使用2B铅笔,书写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔。
第一部分选择题
一、阅读判断:
第1~10题,每题1分,共10分。
下面的短文后列出了十个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:
如果该句提供的是正确信息,选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,选择C,并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。
SettingEffectiveGoals
AvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.ThissummersheattendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschoolstudentswhoareinterestedinresearch.
Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearlystatesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinherlife.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennischampionshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.
Avitalsays,"InanacademicenvironmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedtocompleteinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormyparents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandardmethodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife.”
Whoelseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceofgoal-settingthanyourownfather?
Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWhartonprofessorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopicextensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwherewewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdobetterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."
1.AvitalwasastudentoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara.
A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven
2.Avitalisinterestedinresearch.
A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven
3.Avitaloftenshareshergoalswithherbestfriends.
A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven
4.Avitalwonatennischampionshipinjuniorhigh.
A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven
5.Avitalwantedtobecomedebate-teamcaptainduringherjunioryear.
A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven
6.Avitaloftenmakeslistsofgoalstofindwhichgoalisthebestforher.
A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven
7.AvitalbelievesthatitisbesttosolveherproblemsthroughtheInternet.
A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven
8.Avitalhasgainedfromherfathertheinsightsaboutgoal-setting.
A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven
9.Avital'sfatherhasdonemuchresearchongoal-setting.
A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven
10.ToAvital'sfather,aimingtodobestismoreimportantthangoal-setting.
A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven
二、阅读选择:
第11~15题,每题2分,共10分。
阅读下面短文,请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个最佳选项,并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。
Whileyou'reinalift,waitingtoreachyourfloor,doyoueverwonderwhocameupwiththeidea?
Probablynot.Wejustexpecttohavesafeliftsinbuildings.
LiftsexistedasfarbackasancientRome.Buttheancient“lifts”weren'tclosedcars.Theyweresimpleplatforms.Theyweretypicallyusedtoraiseupwaterforfarmingorliftheavybuildingmaterialssuchasstones.Theseliftswerepoweredbyanimals,peopleorevenwaterwheels.
ThefirstmodernpassengerliftwasbuiltforKingLouisXVin1743.TheKing'sliftwasinstalled(安装)ontheoutsideofhispalace.Itwentfromthefirsttothesecondfloor.TheKingentereditfromhisbalcony,andthenmenraisedandloweredtheliftthroughtheuseofropesandwheels.
Liftsbecamemorecommoninthemid-1800sduringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhentheytransportedgoodsinfactoriesandmines.Theseliftswereoftenbasedonahydraulic(液压的)system.However,thistypeofliftswasimpracticalfortallbuildings,althoughitbecamepopularbecauseitcouldoperatewiththepublicwatersystem.
Anotherliftdesign(andtheonefoundmostoftentodayinpassengerlifts)usesacablesystem,inwhichropesraiseandlowerthecarbymeansofawheelandgear(齿轮)system.Thesetypesofliftsareeasiertocontrol,andbuildingsthathavethemdonotneedtheextraroomrequiredbyhydraulicsystems.Bythe1850s,thesetypesofliftshadbeenpoweredbywaterpressureorsteam.
11.TheliftsinancientRome.
A.hadaclosedstructureB.hadacomplicateddesign
C.wereusedinagricultureD.werepoweredbysteam
12.Thefirstmodernpassengerliftwas.
A.raisedandloweredbymen
B.inventedbyKingLouisXV
C.builtforapublicbuilding
D.putontheinsideoftheKing'spalace
13.DuringtheIndustrialRevolution,liftswere.
A.widelyusedintallbuildings
B.poweredbyahydraulicsystem
C.rarelyusedinfactoriesandmines
D.independentofthepublicwatersystem
14.Theliftbasedonacablesystem.
A
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