英语写作策略整理版Word格式文档下载.docx
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英语写作策略整理版Word格式文档下载.docx
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buy
purchase
car
automobile
choice
option
enough
sufficient
find
discover
finish
accomplish
first
initial
giveup
surrender
hide
conceal
livelongerthan
survive
lucky
fortunate
make
manufacture
man-made
artificial
outofdate
obsolete
overcome
conquer
putoff
postpone
putupwith
tolerate
takepartin
participatein
unwilling
reluctant
wordy
redundant
(2)善用具体词汇
笼统词
具体词
good
kind、honest、just、generous、affectionate、selfless、friendly
cry
weep、sob、whimper、sniffle、wail、moan、groan
scientist
mathematician、physicist、biologist、chemist、linguist
fruit
apple、banana、peach、watermelon、grape、pear、orange、lemon
foralongtime
forhourslong、forthreeweeks、forfiveyears、fordecades、forcenturies
Ø
形体化
A.
Theinjuredfootballerlimped(跛行)slowlyoffthefield.
B.
Thevictoriousarmymarched(迈进)intotheconqueredcity.
C.
Thepedestriansrushed(快步走)hereandthereintherain.
D.
Theman,whosewifewasexpectingthefirstbaby,waspacing(踱步)nervouslyupanddownthehospitalcorridor.
E.
Themanagerstrode(大步走)intotheofficeandaskedwhowaslateforwork.
F.
Wewandered(瞎转)aroundforhourslookingforthehouse.
G.
Shejustdrags(步履拖沓)alongafteruswhereverwego.
感官化
Raincamedownandbrokethesilence.
Afteralonghush,bigraindropscamepitter-patteringdown,shatteringtheeeriesilence.
细节化
speak讲话
talk交谈
tell讲述
explain解释
mention提及
narrate讲述
lie撒谎
whisper耳语
discuss讨论
utter出声
persuade劝说
quote引述
libel诋毁
murmur低语
comment、observe、remark评价
declare、announce宣称
(3)同义替换
Welovedthefoodsomuch,especiallythefishdishes.
Ipreferwalkingalone.
Ireallyadmirepeoplewhocanworkinsuchdifficultconditions.
IwanttotravelbecauseIenjoymeetingpeopleandseeingnewplaces.
Sheisfondofplayingthepiano.
Babiesareattractedtobrightcolours.
Idon’tcareforcoffee.
H.
ManysoccerfansarecrazyaboutDavidBeckham.
I.
He’sthefirstrealboyfriendshe’shadandshe’smadabouthim.
J.
ManyWesternersarekeenonJackieChan’skungfufilms.
K.
Hehasbeenaddictedtothedrug.
L.
Someadultsarehookedoncomputergamesaswell.
陈词滥调
建议替换词
sometimes
nowandthen、fromtimetotime、onceinawhile、occasionally
show(表明)
indicate、reveal、suggest、illustrate、demonstrate、manifest
person、people
individuals、characters
have(有)
enjoy、possess
think
believe、claim、maintain、argue、insist、harbourtheideathat、holdtheviewthat、itiswidelyacknowledgedthat
thing
affair、issue、matter
should
besupposedto(但表示虚拟语气的should不能替换)
famous
well-known、popular、renowned、legendary、prestigious、high-profile
hardworking
industrious、conscientious
important、necessary
essential、crucial、indispensable、ofvitalimportance、ofgreatmomentum/magnitude/significance
cause
giverise/birthto、leadto、resultin、trigger、contributeto
becauseof
thanksto、dueto、onaccountof、onthegroundsof
many
avarietyof、numerous、awidearrayof
couldn’t、didn’t
failedto
remember
bear/keepinmindthat、learnbyheart
very
exceedingly、extremely
makesb.dosth.
enablesb.todosth.
maybe…、perhaps…
Chancesarethat…
inmyopinion/view
personally、formypart、asfarasIamconcerned、frommyownperspective
inordertodosth.
inaneffort/attempttodosth.、forthepurposeofdoingsth.、withaviewtodoingsth.
payattentionto
place/putapremiumon、setgreatstoreby
drawpublicattention
arousewidepublicconcern
catchupwiththerecentprogress
keeppacewith/keepabreastofthelatestdevelopment
trytodosth.
attempttodosth.、meantodosth.、endeavourtodosth.
beagainststh、disagreewithsth
oppose、objectto、frownonsth
advantagesanddisadvantages、meritsanddemerits、goodpointsandbadpoints
benefitsandrisks、prosandcons、promisesandthreats、strengthsandweaknesses
doharmto、hurt
endanger、jeopardize、compromise
beautiful、interesting
fascinating、enchanting、inviting、captivating
Differentpeoplehavedifferentideas.
Viewson…varyfrompersontoperson;
Thereasonsarevaried;
Anumberoffactorscouldaccountforthis.
Therearetwocauses.
Peopleholdontothisviewpointpartlybecause…,partlybecause…;
Thecausesaretwofold.
(4)注意搭配
搭配松散:
Myteacherhelpedmeverymuch.(alot)
Chineseeconomyhasdevelopedverymuch.(rapidly)
Afriendmustknowyouverymuch.(well)
搭配错误
quickfood
Myfatherisanexcessivesmoker.(应该说achain/heavysmoker)
Theydidalotofefforttofinishthejobontime.(应该说madegreatefforts)
Iproposedtotakeafinalpartywithotherclassmates.(应该说organize/throwafarewellparty)
措词攻略
(二)
(1)长短句更替
Theanimaltrainerdoveintothepool.Thetrainerwasskilledandathletic.Shewasexcitedwhenshedoveintothepool.Sheswamwithtwodolphins.Thedolphinswerebabies.Thedolphinswereplayful.Thetrainerswamwiththedolphinsforoveranhour.Whenthetrainerswamwiththedolphins,shewashappy.
Theskilled,athleticanimaltrainerexcitedlydoveintothepool,whereshehappilyswamforoveranhourwithtwoplayfulbabydolphins.
Theanimaltrainerwasskilledandathletic.Sheexcitedlydoveintothepool,wherethereweretwoplayfulbabydolphins.Sheswamwiththemhappilyforoveranhour.
下面是五种将短句变长的方法,请注意划线部分的改动。
1)将简单句合并为并列句和复合句
例1:
Thetyphooncontainedstrongwindandheavyrain.Duringthestorm,theroofofthetownlibrarycollapsed.Theroofofthepostofficedidthesame.Thetorrentialrainfloodedthecountyroads.Schoolscancelledclassesduetotheconditions.
改为:
Thetyphoon,containingstrongwindandheavyrain,causedtheroofsofthetownlibraryandthepostofficetocollapse,createdfloodsoncountyroads,andforcedschoolstocancelclasses.
例2:
Today,greatwealthaboundsinNingbo.Thewealthiscentredintheoilindustry.However,fewmanufacturingjobsarestillavailable.
AlthoughthereismuchwealthcentredinNingbo’soilindustrytoday,therearefewmanufacturingjobsavailable.
2)改短句为非限定性动词短语,包括不定式、分词和动名词短语
WhenJerrylefttheroom,hewaswhiningandcrying.HewasconvincedthatIwasacruelman.
Whiningandcrying,JerrylefttheroomconvincedthatIwasacruelman.
Inreality,wecanoftenfindthatmanypeoplearecomplainingthattheirdifficultiesaresogreatthattheycannotovercomethesedifficultiesthemselves.
Inreality,wecanoftenfindmanypeoplecomplainingthattheirdifficultiesaretoogreattoovercome.
例3:
Theproblemwhichwasnotsolvedwillbediscussedatthenextmeeting.
Theunsolvedproblemwillbediscussedatthenextmeeting.
例4:
IstillrememberthatIwastakentothecountrybymyuncleasachild.
Istillrememberbeingtakentothecountrybymyuncleasachild.
3)改短句为介词短语
TherearemanyreasonswhyIopposebilingualeducationattheprimaryschoollevel.
Foranumberofreasons,Iopposebilingualeducationattheprimaryschoollevel.
Althoughitwasraininghard,hegotthereintime.
Hegotthereintimeinspiteofheavyrain.
4)改短句为同位语结构短语
BeijingisthecapitalofChina.Itisalsothesecondlargestcityinthiscountry.
ThecapitalofChina,Beijingisthesecondlargestcityinthiscountry.
或者:
Beijing,thecapitalofChina,isthesecondlargestcityinthiscountry.
Beijing,thesecondlargestcityinChina,isthecapitalofthiscountry.
NoamChomskyisaworld-renownedlinguist.HeisInstituteProfessorofLinguisticsatMIT.HerecentlypublishedhisfourthbookonAmericanforeignpolicies.Heisseventy-oneyears’oldatthetime.
NoamChomsky,aworld-renownedlinguistandInstituteProfessorofLinguisticsatMIT,recentlypublishedhisfourthbookonAmericanforeignpoliciesattheageofseventy-oneyears’old.
5)改短句为独立主格结构短语
Sirenswereblaringandthefireengineswerejustpullingup.
Sirensblaring,thefireengineswerejustpullingup.
Itrainedonandon.Streetswerefloodedandbuseswereboggeddown.
Itrainedonandon,streetsfloodedandbusesboggeddown.
Hetooksomeorangejuiceoutofthefridgeandwalkedtothekitchenwindow,holdingtheglassinhishand.
Hetooksomeorangejuiceoutofthefridgeand,glassinhand,walkedtothekitchenwindow.
(2)使用非人称主语组织句子
1)物称主语
她哭了起来。
l
Shebegantocry.
Tearscametohereyes.
今天早上醒来时我想到了一个好主意。
IthoughtofagreatideawhenIwokeupthismorning.
AgreatideadawnedonmewhenIwokeupthismorning.
一见照片,我就想起了童年。
WhenIsawthephotos,Icametothinkofmychildhood.
Thephotosremindedmeofmychildhood.
我说不出话来。
Icouldn’tsayanything.
Wordsfailedme.
这个运动首先在上海兴起。
ThemovementoriginatedinShanghai.
Shanghaifirstsawtheriseofthemovement.
2)
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