被动语态docWord文档下载推荐.docx
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被动语态docWord文档下载推荐.docx
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Thechopsticksaremadeofsteel.
Teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofmountains.TVwasinventedin1927.
TVwasinventedin1927.
Theshoeswithlightsareusedforseeinginthedark.
Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.
我们通过朗读观察,不难发现英语动词被动语态的构成要件是“助动词(be)+及物动词过去分词”。
而且被动词会随主语人称和动词时态变化而变化。
用所给动词适当形式填空,使句子意思完整
1、She_____________(ask)tocleantheroomsbyhismothereveryday.
2、Thebasketballplayersourschool____________(drive)topracticefor2hourseverymorning.
3、Thetea____________(invent)byShengNongbyaccident.
4、AccordingtoChinesehistory,skylanterns____________(use)byZhugeKongmingtoaskforhelpwhenintrouble,butnowit____________(use)atfestivalsandothercelebrationsforseeing.
5、The
bridge
will
____________(finish)next
month.
6、The
problem
is
going
to
____________(discuss)
at
the
meeting
7、Itisreportedthatthenewweapon__________________(willuse)widelytoequiptheforcesofoursolders.
8、Thenewtechnology_______________(use)inagriculturebecauseofitsdamage(破坏性)totheenvironment.
9、A
new
cinema
_____
____________(build)here.
They
hope
finish
it
next
10、Rainforests
(cut)and
burned
such
a
speed
that
they
disappear
from
earth
in
the
near
future.
11、Many
buildings
__________________
(build)
since
1980.
12、Paper
money
__________________(use)for
over
thousand
years
通过上面的例句,我们不难发现不同时态的被动语态构成要件相同,都是由“be+动词过去分词”构成,但在具体时态中,表现形式却不一样。
、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)
1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done)
Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的许多人都说英语。
ClassmeetingisheldeveryThursday.每周四都举行班会。
Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.学生们每天都打扫教室。
2.一般过去时(was/were+done)
Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
Hewassavedatlast.他最终获救了。
Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被偷了。
3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/shallbe+done;
would/shouldbe+done)
Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.今天下午有一个演讲。
Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一条新马路。
Ithoughtthousandsofpeoplewouldbehelped.我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/is/arebeing+done;
was/werebeing+done)
Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天这时,机器正在被修理。
Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.问题正在被讨论。
Abusisbeingpushedbythepassengers.路人正在推一辆公共汽车。
5.现在完成时(have/hasbeen+done)
Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.到现在为止,已经种了二百棵树了。
Thebookhasbeenreadmanytimesbyme.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
6.过去完成时(hadbeen+done)
Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。
Shefoundthehousehadbeendestroyedbythestorm.她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。
Hehadbeentorturedbytheillnessformanyyearsbeforehedied.
他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
)
总结:
主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。
例如:
Allthepeoplelaughedathim.----Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.
Theymakethebikesinthefactory.----Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.
歌诀是:
宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。
、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.
(1)时态保持一致。
Ihaverepairedmycomputer.---Mycomputerhasbeenrepaired.
(2)情态动词的被动语态结构为:
情态动词+be+过去分词;
其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,"
be+过去分词"
部分不变。
如:
Tablescanbemadeofstone.桌子可由石头制造。
Tablescouldbemadeofstoneatthattime.那时桌子可由石头制造。
(一般过去时)
Cantablesbemadeofstone?
桌子能用石头制造吗?
(疑问句)
(3)主动语态中可接双宾的动词变被动语态有两种情况:
一种是将句子的直接宾语用作被动语态的主语,而间接宾语前加介词to或for.加介词to的动词有give,show,sell等,加介词for的有buy等;
第二种是将主动语态的间接宾语用作被动语态的主语,直接宾语前不加介词。
Shegavemeaball.改为:
Aballwasgiventome.或者Iwasgivenaball.
又如:
Myfatherboughtmeabike.改为:
Abikewasbroughtforme.或者Iwasboughtabike.
(4)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。
例Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改为Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.
(5)主动语态句中动词make,have,let(使sb做sth),notice.see.watch,lookat,
hear,listento,feel等变成被动语态时,后面的不定式需要加上to.
Mr.Leemadehimwashthedishes.
--Hewasmadetowashthedishes.
(6)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。
其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.
(7)非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing形式及不定式todo也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。
例Idon'
tlikebeinglaughedatinthepublic.
(8)Itissaidthat+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+todosth.”。
有:
Itissaidthat…据说,Itisreportedthat…据报道,Itisbelievedthat…大家相信,Itishopedthat…大家希望,Itiswellknownthat…众所周知,Itisthoughtthat…大家认为,Itissuggestedthat…据建议。
例Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.(=Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.)
【语态专项练习】
Ⅰ.请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
()1.—DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty?
—No,I____________.
A.amnotinvitedB.wasn’tinvited
C.haven’tinvitedD.didn’tinvite
()2.Theletter____________inJapanese.Ican’treadit.
A.iswritingB.iswrittenC.wroteD.writes
()3.—Susan,whyareyoustillhere?
Theyareallreadytostart.
—I’msorry,butI_______________when
tomeet.
A.amnottoldB.didn’ttellC.haven’ttoldD.wasn’ttold
()4.Todaycomputers_______________inbothcitiesandtowns.
A.wereusingB.areusedC.wereusedD.areusing
()5.Anewsupermarket_____________inmyhometownnextmonth.
A.willbuiltB.willbebuiltC.isbuiltD.builds
()6.—Alice,you______________onthephone.
—I’mcoming.Thanks.
A.wantB.arewanted
C.werewantedD.havewanted
()7.Perso
nalcomputers____________in1976.Theyhavechangedthewholeworld.
A.havebeeninventedB.areinvented
C.wereinventedD.willbeinvented
()8.—Yourskirtisniceandlooksdifferentfromothergirls’.
—Thanks.Mymother____________itlastmonth.
A.wasmadeB.hasmade
C.hasbeenmadeD.made
()9.Iknowshewon’tcometojoinusunlessshe__________to.
A.tellsB.willbetold
C.istoldD.wastold
()10.Jamesismyfriend.He_________
_Jimforshort.
A.callsB.iscalledC.calledD.iscalling
()11.English____________inCanada,AustraliaandNewZealandaswellasAmericaandBritain.
A.speaksB.isspeaking
C.isspokenD.spoke
()12.Thewindow___________tenminutesago,andtheroomisbrightnow.
A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleanedD.willclean
()13.TodayIcan’tgotowork.Mysickmothershould__________.
A.betakengoodcareB.betakengoodcareof
C.takegoodcareD.takegoodcareof
()14.—I___________yourrecorder.Itworksnow.
—Thankyouverymuch.
A.havebeenrepairedB.willrepair
C.haverepairedD.wasrepaired
()15.We’llhavethreedaysoffifthework________tod
ay.
A.finishesB.canfinish
C.wasfinishedD.canbefinished
()16.—Howoften___________yourschoolsportsmeeting________?
—Onceayear.
A.were,heldB.are,held
C.was,heldD.is,held
()17.ThewatchIlostyesterday__________inmydrawer.
A.hasfoundB.found
C.hasbeenfoundD.hadbee
nfound
()18.Moretreesmust___________inNorthChinaeveryyeartostopthewind.
A.beplantedB.plant
C.plantedD.areplanted
()19.TraditionalBeijingopera__________tothemusiccoursesinmiddleschoolinthefuture.
A.willaddB.willbeadded
C.addsD.wasadded
()20.Inourschool,thebooksfromthelibrarywithintwoweeks.
A.returnB.mustreturn
C.willreturnD.mustbereturned
()21.—Thispicture___________toamuseuminNewYorkin2008.
—Yes,itcostalot.
A.hasbeensoldB.willbesold
C.issold
D.wassold
()22.Thechildren_____________nottosmoke.
A.aretoldB.told
C.tellD.aretelling
()23.Alotoftallbuildings____________nearourhousesofa
r.
A.havebeenbuiltB.arebuilt
C.havebuiltD.werebuilt
()24.Jimdoesn’thavetobemade_________.Healwaysworkshard.
A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning
()25.—Whatwasthe
resultofthefootballmatch?
—Badluck.Ourteam_____________.
A.beatB.won
C.wasbeatenD.haswon
Ⅱ.请将主动语与被动语态互换,每空一词。
1.Chineseisspokenbymoreandmoreforeignersnow.
_____________________________________________________now.
2.Thetwinsateupallthebananasontheplate.
Allthebananasontheplate___________________upbythetwins.
3.Wemustfinishtheworkintwohours.
Thework________________________________intwohours.
4.Thousandsofhousesinthatareaweredestroyed
by
theearthquake.
______________________________________________________inthatarea.
5.Beijinghashostedthe29thOlympicGames
successfully.
The29thOlympicGames________________________________successfullybyBeij
ing.
6.Thegirlcopiesapoemeveryweek.
Apoem_________________________bythegirleveryweek.
7.Theclassroomshouldbecleanedbythestudents
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